- Volume 70, Issue 2, 2020
Volume 70, Issue 2, 2020
- Notification List
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- New Taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Gryllotalpicola protaetiae sp. nov., isolated from insect Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis, and emended descriptions of the genus Gryllotalpicola and the species Gryllotalpicola soli
A bacterial strain, designated 2DFW10M-5T, was isolated from gut of the larva of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis collected in the Republic of Korea. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile and rod-shaped. The strain grew at the range of 10–37 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C) and pH 4.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and tolerated up to 1 % NaCl (w/v; optimum, 0 %) on Reasoner's 2A medium. It was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain 2DFW10M-5T showed the highest similarity to Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04T (98.4 %), Gryllotalpicola soli KIS12-7T (98.2 %), Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02T (97.5 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16T (97.4 %) and Gryllotalpicola reticulitermitis TS-56T (97.2 %). The phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain 2DFW10M-5T fell into the radius of the genus Gryllotalpicola . The predominant fatty acid was ω-cyclohexyl-C17:0. The polar lipids of strain 2DFW10M-5T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified lipids. The detected isoprenoid quinones were MK-11 (61.0 %), MK-10 (33.7 %) and MK-12 (5.3 %). The peptidoglycan contained d- and l-alanine, d-glutamic acid, glycine, l-serine and d-lysine with l-lysine as the diamino acid. The DNA G+C content calculated from the genome sequence of strain 2DFW10M-5T was 69.2 mol%. On the basis of its genomic, phylogenetic and phenotypic properties and distinctiveness, strain 2DFW10M-5T represents a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola , for which the name Gryllotalpicola protaetiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 2DFW10M-5T (=KACC 19316T=NBRC 113049T).
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Streptomyces roseicoloratus sp. nov., isolated from cotton soil
More LessA novel bacterium, designated TRM 44457T, belonging to the genus Streptomyces , was isolated from soil sampled in cotton fields in Xinjiang, PR China. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain TRM 44457T was phylogenetically most closely related to Streptomyces laurentii LMG 19959T (99.38 % sequence similarity); however, strain TRM 44457T had a relatively low DNA–DNA relatedness value with S. laurentii LMG 19959T as determined by calculating the average nucleotide identity value (84.42 %). Strain TRM 44457T possessed ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid, MK-9 (H6) and MK-9 (H10) as the major menaquinone. The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphotidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unidentified phospholipid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, anteiso-C17:0, iso-C15:0, C16:0, iso-C17:0, cyclo-C17:0 and anteiso-C17:1ω9c. The genomic DNA G+C content was 72.6 mol%. Based on the evidence from this polyphasic study, strain TRM 44457T represents a novel species of the Streptomyces , for which the name Streptomyces roseicoloratus is proposed. The type strain is TRM 44457T (=KCTC 39904T=CCTCC AA 2016040T).
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Actinomadura harenae sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from sea sand in Sanya
A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-Ht49T, was isolated from sea sand sampled in Sanya and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-Ht49T was most closely related to Actinomadura rhizosphaerae SDA37T (98.8 %), Actinomadura logoneensis NEAU-G17T (98.6 %), Actinomadura oligospora ATCC 43269T (98.6 %) and Actinomadura gamaensis NEAU-Gz5T (98.6 %). The results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NEAU-Ht49T formed a cluster with A. rhizosphaerae SDA37T, A. logoneensis NEAU-G17T, A. oligospora ATCC 43269T, A. gamaensis NEAU-Gz5T and Actinomadura rupiterrae CS5-AC15T (96.4 %). Meso-diaminopimelic acid was detected in its cell walls and glucose, madurose, mannose and ribose were detected in whole-cell hydrolysate. The polar lipids were found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositolmannoside and two unidentified lipids. The majoy menaquinone was MK-10(H6) and the minor menaquinones were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H8). The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, 10-methyl C18 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Moreover, morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of properties of strain NEAU-Ht49T also confirmed the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Actinomadura . However, DNA–DNA relatedness, physiological and biochemical data showed that strain NEAU-Ht49T could be distinguished from its closest relatives. Therefore, strain NEAU-Ht49T represents a novel species of the genus Actinomadura , for which the name Actinomadura harenae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain NEAU-Ht49T (=CGMCC 4.7499T=JCM 32659T) as the type strain.
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Streptomyces paludis sp. nov., isolated from an alpine wetland soil
More LessA Gram-stain-positive actinobacterium, designated strain GSSD-12T, was isolated from an alpine wetland soil. blast search of the full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence of GSSD-12T indicated it represented a member of the genus Streptomyces , and displayed highest similarity with Streptomyces scopuliridis NRRL B-24574T (99.2 %) and less than 98.6 % similarity with other species of the genus Streptomyces with validly published names. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that GSSD-12T was closely related to S. scopuliridis NRRL B-24574T, Streptomyces odonnellii NRRL B-24891T and Streptomyces lushanensis NRRL B-24994T. However, the digital DNA–DNA hybridization value, the average nucleotide identity value and the multilocus sequence analysis evolutionary distance between this strain and its closest relatives indicated that it represented a distinct species. Furthermore, GSSD-12T was also distinctly differentiated from them by morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Therefore, strain GSSD-12T(=CICC 11051T=JCM 33019T) represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces , for which the name Streptomyces paludis sp. nov. is proposed.
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Kocuria coralli sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from coral reef seawater
More LessAn actinobacterial strain, SCSIO 13007T, was isolated from seawater collected from the Luhuitou fringing reef at a depth of 4.2 m. Phylogenetic and phenotypic properties of the organism supported the hypothesis that it represented a member of the genus Kocuria . Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between SCSIO 13007T and type strains of other recognized members of the genus Kocuria were lower than 96.99 %. Growth in the presence of up to 15 % (w/v) NaCl was a distinctive characteristic of SCSIO 13007T. Other biochemical and physiological properties and the major fatty acids also differentiated the isolate from its phylogenetically closest relative Kocuria subflava YIM 13062T. The menaquinone types were MK-7(H2) and MK-8(H2). Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified lipid and an unidentified aminolipid. The DNA G+C content was 73.7 mol%. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data indicated that strain SCSIO 13007T represents a novel species of the genus Kocuria , for which the name Kocuria coralli sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is SCSIO 13007T (=DSM 27811T=NBRC 109942T).
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Nakamurella flava sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinobacterium isolated from Mentha haplocalyx Briq.
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, coccus-shaped, non-spore-forming actinobacterium, designated strain N5BH11T, was isolated from a surface-sterilized sample of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. collected from Guizhou, PR China and tested by a polyphasic approach to determine its taxonomic position. Strain N5BH11T grew optimally at 30 °C, pH 6.0–7.0. Substrate mycelia and aerial mycelia were not formed, and no diffusible pigments were observed on the media tested. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence suggested that strain N5BH11T belonged to the genus Nakamurella and had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Nakamurella flavida DS-52T (98.1 %). The DNA G+C content of strain N5BH11T was 71.6 mol%. The average nucleotide identity values between strain N5BH11T and the type strains of Nakamurella panacisegetis , Nakamurella multipartita and Nakamurella lactea were 74.0, 76.5 and 73.6 %, respectively. The estimated DDH values between strain N5BH11T and the type strains of N. panacisegetis , N. multipartita and N. lactea were 20.3%, 21.4 and 20.2 %, respectively. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, and MK-8(H4) was the predominant menaquinone. The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine and unidentified phospholipids. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c. On the basis of the results of phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain N5BH11T represents a novel species of the genus Nakamurella , for which the name Nakamurella flava sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is N5BH11T (=KCTC 49196T=CGMCC 4.7524T).
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Paraconexibacter algicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a eutrophic lake during the end of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms, and proposal of Paraconexibacteraceae fam. nov. in the order Solirubrobacterales
A novel bacterium, strain Seoho-28T, was isolated from a shallow eutrophic lake during the end of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms and was characterized taxonomically and phylogenetically. Strain Seoho-28T was a Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium. The strain grew optimally with 0 % NaCl and at 25–30 °C on Reasoner's 2A medium. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences positioned the novel strain among the order Solirubrobacterales , but sequence similarities to known species were less than 94.7 %. The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain Seoho-28T was 74.2 mol%. Genomic comparisons of strain Seoho-28T with families in the order Solirubrobacterales were made using the Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator, average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity analyses (values indicated ≤14.9, ≤73.5 and ≤57.8 %, respectively). Strain Seoho-28T contained C16 : 0-iso, C18 : 1 ω9c and C16 : 0 as major fatty acids and MK-7 (H4) as the major quinone. Strain Seoho-28T contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified phospholipid as major polar lipids. Meso- and ll-diaminopimelic acids were the diagnostic diamino acids in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. Based on the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic results, strain Seoho-28T represents a novel genus and species, Paraconexibacter algicola gen. nov., sp. nov., which belongs to a new family Paraconexibacteraceae in the order Solirubrobacterales and the class Thermoleophilia . The type strain is Seoho-28T (=KCTC 39791T=JCM 31881T).
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Nesterenkonia salmonea sp. nov. and Nesterenkonia sphaerica sp. nov., isolated from the Southern Atlantic Ocean
More LessTwo Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile and non-spore-forming actinobacteria, strains GY074T and GY239T, were isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Southern Atlantic Ocean. The results of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences placed both isolates within the genus Nesterenkonia , and showed a sequence similarity of 98.3 % between the two strains and similarites of 94.3–97.2 % with respect to Nesterenkonia species with validly published names. Based on whole-genome sequences, the values of in silico DNA–DNA hybridization and the average nucleotide identity between strains GY074T and GY239T were 21.2 and 78.1 %, respectively, less than the proposed cut-off level for species delineation, i.e. 70 and 95 %. For both strains, the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C17 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0, and the major menaquinones were MK-7, MK-8 and MK-9. The major polar lipid contents of the two strains were similar with phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains GY074T and GY239T were 61.1 and 64.2 mol%, respectively. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis and physiological and chemotaxonomic data, the isolates represent two novel species of the genus Nesterenkonia , for which the names Nesterenkonia salmonea sp. nov. (type strain GY074T=KCTC 39639T=MCCC 1A11256T) and Nesterenkonia sphaerica sp. nov. (type strain GY239T=KCTC 39640T=MCCC 1A10688T) are proposed.
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Serinibacter arcticus sp. nov., isolated from a thawing ancient ice wedge
A novel actinobacterium, strain K3-2T, was isolated in pure culture from a thawing ancient ice wedge at Mammoth Mountain (Eastern Siberia, Russia). Colonies of strain K3-2T were yellowish orange; cells had the fine structure typical of Gram-positive bacteria, were non-motile short rods and were non-spore-forming. Strain K3-2T was mesophilic (optimum growth at 28 °С), but capable of growing at 4 °С. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain K3-2T contained lysine (the diagnostic diamino acid), glutamic acid, alanine, ornithine, glycine and serine. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, lysophosphatidylserine, three unidentified phospholipids and glycolipids. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. The only menaquinone detected was MK-8(H4). 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that strain K3-2T belongs to the genus Serinibacter . The closest taxonomically described relatives were Serinibacter salmoneus Kis4-28T and Serinibacter tropicus PS-14-7T, with 97.20 and 97.20 % 16 s rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. The average nucleotide identity value of the whole genome sequence between strain K3-2T and S. salmoneus Kis4-28T was 78.9 %. DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain K3-2T and S. salmoneus DSM 21801T (=Kis4-28T) and S. tropicus VKPM Ac 2044T (=PS-14-7T) were 41 and 47 %. Thus, strain K3-2T represents a novel species of the genus Serinibacter for which the name Serinibacter arcticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is K3-2T (DSM 103859T=VKM Ас−2719T).
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Microbispora catharanthi sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinomycete isolated from the root of Catharanthus roseus
Strain CR1-09T, an actinomycete isolated from the root of Catharanthus roseus, was taxonomically studied based upon polyphasic approaches. The isolate formed a pair of ovular to circular, smooth-surfaced spores on short sporophores alternately branched from aerial mycelia. It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in cell wall peptidoglycans. The major menaquinones were MK-9 (H4) and MK-9 (H2). The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. The polar lipids profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyl phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and unidentified ninhydrin positive phosphoglycolipids. Strain CR1-09T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Microbispora tritici DSM 104650T (99.5 %). Based on the polyphasic approach, DNA–DNA relatedness and average nucleotide identity (ANI), the strain is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Microbispora , for which the name Microbispora catharanthi is proposed. The type strain is strain CR1-09T (=JCM 30045T=TISTR 2273T).
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Tsukamurella asaccharolytica sp. nov., Tsukamurella conjunctivitidis sp. nov. and Tsukamurella sputi sp. nov., isolated from patients with bacteraemia, conjunctivitis and respiratory infection in Hong Kong
Three bacterial strains, HKU70T, HKU71T and HKU72T, were isolated from the conjunctival swab, blood and sputum samples of three patients with conjunctivitis, bacteraemia and respiratory infection, respectively, in Hong Kong. The three strains were aerobic, Gram-stain positive, catalase-positive, non-sporulating and non-motile bacilli and exhibited unique biochemical profiles distinguishable from currently recognized Tsukamurella species. 16S rRNA, secA, rpoB and groEL gene sequence analyses revealed that the three strains shared 99.6-99.9, 94.5-96.8, 95.7-97.8 and 97.7-98.9 % nucleotide identities with their corresponding closest Tsukamurella species respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization confirmed that they were distinct from other known species of the genus Tsukamurella (26.2±2.4 to 36.8±1.2 % DNA–DNA relatedness), in line with results of in silico genome-to-genome comparison (32.2–40.9 % Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator and 86.3–88.9 % average nucleotide identity values]. Fatty acids, mycolic acids, cell-wall sugars and peptidoglycan analyses showed that they were typical of members of Tsukamurella . The G+C content determined based on the genome sequence of strains HKU70T, HKU71T and HKU72T were 69.9, 70.2 and 70.5 mol%, respectively. Taken together, our results supported the proposition and description of three new species, i.e. Tsukamurella sputi HKU70T (=JCM 33387T=DSM 109106T) sp. nov., Tsukamurella asaccharolytica HKU71T (=JCM 33388T=DSM 109107T) sp. nov. and Tsukamurella conjunctivitidis HKU72T (=JCM 33389T=DSM 109108T) sp. nov.
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Naasia lichenicola sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from lichen
A Gram-stain-positive, yellow-pigmented, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, strictly aerobic actinobacterium, designated strain YIM 131853T, was isolated from lichen collected from the South Bank of the Baltic Sea. The novel strain was non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped and motile with a single polar flagellum. The strain could grow at 4–37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), at pH 4.0–12.0 (pH 6.0) and at 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl (1 %). The DNA G+C content of strain YIM 131853T based on the draft genome sequence was 68.3 mol%. Predominant cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were identified as anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile included diphosphatidylglycerol, dimannosyldiacylglycerol, three unknown glycolipids, two unknown phospholipids and one unknown lipid. Strain YIM 131853T had 2,4-diaminobutyric acid as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid, galactose and glucose as whole-cell sugars, and MK-10, MK-14, MK-13 and MK-12 as the major menaquinones. Although strain YIM 131853T exhibited a highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (96.6 %) to Amnibacterium kyonggiense NBRC 109360T, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain formed a tight lineage with Naasia aerilata NBRC 108725T (96.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), which was the only species of genus Naasia . Based on the results of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain YIM 131853T should belong to the genus Naasia and represents a novel species of the genus Naasia , for which the name Naasia lichenicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 131853T (=CGMCC 4.7565T=NBRC 113605T).
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Reclassification of Streptomyces castelarensis and Streptomyces sporoclivatus as later heterotypic synonyms of Streptomyces antimycoticus
More LessWe investigated the taxonomic relationship between Streptomyces antimycoticus , Streptomyces castelarensis, Streptomyces sporoclivatus, and Streptomyces violaceusniger . Digital DNA–DNA hybridisation using whole genome sequences and multilocus sequence analysis indicated that S. antimycoticus, S. castelarensis, and S. sporoclivatus belong to the same genomospecies. Previously reported phenotypic data also supported this synonymy. Therefore, S. castelarensis and S. sporoclivatus should be reclassified as later heterotypic synonyms of S. antimycoticus . The type strain of S. antimycoticus is NBRC 12839T (=ATCC 23880T=CBS 660.68T=RIA 1198T=CGMCC 4.1591T=DSM 40284T=JCM 4228T=JCM 4621T=KCTC 9694T=NRRL 2421T=NRRL ISP-5284T=VKM Ac-1824T). This study also revealed that genome sequence-published S. violaceusniger NRRL F-8817 should be reclassified into S. antimycoticus .
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Cumulibacter soli sp. nov., isolated from farmland soil
A Gram-stain-positive, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain G-1T, was isolated from farmland soil sampled in in Fuyang, Anhui Province, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain G-1T was closely related to Cumulibacter manganitolerans 2-36T (97.7 % similarity). Strain G-1T contained iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω6c, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C14 : 0 as the predominant fatty acids. The polar lipids of strain G-1T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid, an unidentified lipid and two unidentified glycolipids. The predominant respiratory quinone of strain G-1T was MK-9(H4). The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA based on genome calculations was 64.2 mol%. Average nucleotide identity and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values for the draft genomes between strain G-1T and strain 2-36T were 75.7 and 20.2 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain G-1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Cumulibacter , for which the name Cumulibacter soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G-1T (=CCTCC AB2019021T=KCTC 49258T).
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Desertihabitans brevis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sand of the Taklamakan desert, and emended description of the genus Desertihabitans
More LessA novel actinobacterium, designated strain 16Sb5-5T, was isolated from a sand sample collected in the Taklamakan desert in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The strain was examined by a polyphasic approach to clarify its taxonomic position. Cells of the isolate were Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, non-motile and short-rod shaped. Strain 16Sb5-5T grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 7.0 and with 0‒2 % (w/v) NaCl. The cell-wall peptidoglycan was of the A3γ type and contained alanine, glycine, glutamic acid and ll-diaminopimelic acid (ll-DAP). Ribose, arabinose and glucose were detected in the whole-cell hydrolysates. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified phospholipid, three unidentified glycolipids and three unidentified lipids. The major whole-cell fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 16Sb5-5T was closely related to Desertihabitans aurantiacus CPCC 204711T (99.8 % similarity) and formed a robust clade with D. aurantiacus in the phylogenetic trees. In silico genomic comparisons showed that strain 16Sb5-5T exhibited ANI values of 94.8–94.9 % and GGDC value of 59.5 % to D. aurantiacus CPCC 204711T. The genomic G+C content was 73.3 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain 16Sb5-5T could be distinguishable from its closest phylogenetic relative and represents a novel species of the genus Desertihabitans , for which the name Desertihabitans brevis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 16Sb5-5T (=KCTC 49116T=CGMCC 1.16553T). The description of the genus Desertihabitans has also been emended.
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Frankia soli sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from soil beneath Ceanothus jepsonii
More LessActinobacterial strain CjT was directly isolated from soil beneath Ceanothus jepsonii growing in the USA. The strain formed cell structures typical of the genus Frankia including extensive hyphae, vesicles and sporangia, and it effectively nodulated members of the actinorhizal Colletieae, Elaeagnaceae and Myricaceae. The whole-cell hydrolysate of strain CjT was rich in meso-diaminopimelic acid and galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, ribose and a trace of rhamnose. Tbe polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and glycophospholipid. The menaquinone was predominantly MK-9(H4). The fatty acid profile predominantly consisted of C17 : 1ω8c, iso-C16 : 0, C15:0, C16 : 0 and C17 : 0. A multilocus sequence analysis phylogeny based on atp1, ftsZ, dnaK, gyrA and secA gene sequences positioned the strain within Elaeagnaceae- and Colletieae-nodulating species together with Frankia elaeagni DSM 46783T, Frankia discariae DSM 46785T and Frankia irregularis DSM 45899T. Pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities showed that strain CjT was most closely related to F. discariae DSM 46785T (99.78 %) while their digital DNA–DNA hybridization value was 41.1 %. Based on the overall analyses, strain CjT (=DSM 100623T=CECT 9041T) warrants classification as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Frankia soli sp. nov. is proposed.
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Agromyces protaetiae sp. nov., isolated from gut of larva of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis
An actinobacterial strain, designated FW100M-8T, was isolated from a gut sample of larva of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju-gun, South Korea. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, microaerophilic to aerobic, non-spore forming and non-motile. It grew at pH 7.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 8.0), at 15–35 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and 0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). According to the 16S rRNA gene analysis, strain FW100M-8T shared the highest sequence similarity with Agromyces mediolanus DSM 20152T (98.4 %), Agromyces ulmi XIL01T (98.3 %), Agromyces indicus NIO-1018T (98.3 %), Agromyces soli MJ21T (98.3 %), and Agromyces arachidis AK-1T (97.9 %). Phylogenetic trees showed that strain FW100M-8T fell into the lineage of the genus Agromyces . The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid and an unidentified lipid. The menaquinones of strain FW100M-8T were MK-12 (46 %), MK-11 (36 %), MK-10 (14 %) and MK-13 (4 %). The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The peptidoglycan type was supposed to be the type B1, comprising d-Ala, d-Glu, Gly and l-A2bu. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 70.5 mol%. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, we conclude that strain FW100M-8T represents a novel species of the genus Agromyces , for which the name Agromyces protaetiae sp. nov. is proposed with strain FW100M-8T (=KACC 19308T=NBRC 113048T) as the type strain.
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Flexivirga caeni sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and oval-shaped bacterium, designated strain BO-16T was isolated from activated sludge. In this study, we describe the taxonomic characterization and classification of this bacterium by using the polyphasic approach. Growth of BO-16T was observed at 10–40 °C (optimum, 25–37 °C) and at pH 5.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) on R2A agar. The major fatty acids it contained were iso-C16:0, anteiso-C17:0 and iso-C17 : 0 and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylethanolamine. This isoprenoid quinones included MK-8 (H4) and MK-8 (H6). The peptidoglycan contained lysine, serine, alanine, glycine and glutamic acid and represented the peptidoglycan type A4α. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, BO-16T was shown to represent a member of the genus Flexivirga and to be related to Flexivirga oryzae KACC 18597T (98.4 % sequence similarity), Flexivirga endophytica KCTC 39536T (97.5 %), Flexivirga alba DSM 24460T (97.4 %) and Flexivirga lutea KCTC 39625T (97.3 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 68.0 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between BO-16T and its closest phylogenetic neighbours were much lower than 70 %. BO-16T could be differentiated phylogenetically and phenotypically from the species of the genus Flexivirga with validly published names. Therefore the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Flexivirga caeni sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain BO-16T (=KACC 19647T=LMG 30859T)
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Microbacterium wangchenii sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Tibetan gazelles (Procapra picticaudata) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Two strains of Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria (designated dk512T and dk508) were isolated from the faeces of Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) collected from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strains showed the highest identity to Microbacterium saccharophilum K-1T (98.0 and 97.9 % similarity, respectively). The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that dk512T and dk508 were members of the genus Microbacterium , and most closely related to strains Microbacterium mitrae M4-8T and Microbacterium hatanonis FCC-01T. The strains grew optimally on brain-heart infusion (BHI) agar with 5.0 % (v/v) sheep blood at 30 °C, pH 7.0 and with 1.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The genome of type strain dk512T was 3.8 Mb with a G+C content of 70.6 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain dk512T and previously characterized Microbacterium species were <95 and <70 %, respectively. In strain dk512T, the detected primary cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, the main respiratory quinones were MK-9 (37.9 %) and MK-10 (35.7 %), and the polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and three unidentified glycolipids. The major cell-wall sugars were rhamnose, ribose and galactose. Alanine, glutamic acid, glycine and ornithine were in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. Based on phenotypic data and phylogenetic inference, these two strains represent a novel species of the genus Microbacterium , named here as Microbacterium wangchenii sp. nov, where dk512T is designated the type strain (=CGMCC 1.16590T=JCM 33494T=KCTC 49313T).
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Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria
More LessGenome analysis is one of the main criteria for description of new taxa. Availability of genome sequences for all the actinobacteria with a valid nomenclature will, however, require another decade’s works of sequencing. This paper describes the rearrangement of the higher taxonomic ranks of the members of the phylum ‘ Actinobacteria ’, using the phylogeny of 16S rRNA gene sequences and supported by the phylogeny of the available genome sequences. Based on the refined phylogeny of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, we could arrange all the members of the 425 genera of the phylum ‘ Actinobacteria ’ with validly published names currently in use into six classes, 46 orders and 79 families, including 16 new orders and 10 new families. The order Micrococcales Prévot 1940 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Nouioui et al. 2018 is now split into 11 monophyletic orders: the emended order Micrococcales and ten proposed new orders Aquipuribacterales , Beutenbergiales , Bogoriellales , Brevibacteriales , Cellulomonadales , Demequinales , Dermabacterales , Dermatophilales , Microbacteriales and Ruaniales . Further, the class ‘ Actinobacteria ’ Stackebrandt et al. 1997 emend. Nouioui et al. 2018 was described without any nomenclature type, and therefore the name ‘ Actinobacteria ’ is deemed illegitimate. In accordance to Rule 8 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes, Parker et al. 2019, we proposed the name Actinomycetia which is formed by using the stem of the name Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Zhi et al. 2009, to replace the name ‘ Actinobacteria ’. The nomenclature type of the proposed new class Actinomycetia is the order Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Zhi et al. 2009.
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Glycomyces buryatensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from steppe soil
More LessA novel actinobacterial strain, designated 18T, was isolated from a steppe soil sample collected in Buryatia, Russia and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic characterization. The strain was aerobic and Gram-stain-positive. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain 18T exhibited highest similarity to Glycomyces paridis CPCC 204357T (97.2 %). Results of phylogenetic analysis showed that strain 18T formed a distinct branch clearly affiliated to the genus Glycomyces . Whole-cell hydrolysates of the isolate contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the cell-wall diamino acid. The whole-cell sugar profile was found to contain galactose, glucose, ribose and xylose. MK-10(H4) and MK-11(H4) were the predominant menaquinones. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, five unidentified phospholipids and four unidentified polar lipids. The major fatty acids identified were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 18T was 68.0 mol% (draft genome sequence). Based on its phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features, strain 18T was considered to represent a novel species of the genus Glycomyces , for which the name Glycomyces buryatensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Glycomyces buryatensis is 18T (=JCM 33362T=CGMCC 4.7610T).
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Herbidospora galbida sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from soil
A novel actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-GS14T, was isolated from soil of a flower bed in a residential area in Sanya, Hainan Province, China, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain coincided with members of the genus Herbidospora. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-GS14T belongs to the genus Herbidospora and was most closely related to Herbidospora daliensis JCM 18061T (98.8 %), other type strains of species of the genus Herbidospora were found to be less than 98.7 %. Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain formed a cluster with Herbidospora daliensis JCM 18061T. Cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the major diamino acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were glucose, madurose and ribose. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphoglycolipids and two phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The predominant menaquinone was MK-10(H4). Major fatty acids were 10-methly C17 : 0 and C17 : 0, these chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain NEAU-GS14T to the genus Herbidospora . The DNA G+C content was 70.6 mol%. Furthermore, the strain could be clearly distinguished by digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values and some phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-GS14T represents a novel species of the genus Herbidospora , for which the name Herbidospora galbida sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-GS14T (=CCTCC AA 2018040T=JCM 33459T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Algoriphagus aquimaris sp. nov., isolated from seashore sand
More LessStrain F21T, a marine, aerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, was isolated from seashore sand sampled in Pohang, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain F21T were non-motile, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming and formed pinkish-red colonies on marine agar. The strain grew optimally at 37°C, pH 7 and in the presence of 2–3 % NaCl (w/v). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain F21T revealed that it belonged to the genus Algoriphagus , family Cyclobacteriaceae , with similarity values of 98.1 and 96.8 % to Algoriphagus marincola DSM 16067T and Algoriphagus ornithinivorans IMSNU 14014T, respectively. When comparing the genome sequence of F21 T with those of the type strains of six species of the genus Algoriphagus , the values obtained were below the thresholds for analyses of average nucleotide identity (71.8–92.7 %) and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization using the Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator (14.7–75.2 %). The DNA G+C content of strain F21T was 42.0 mol%. The chemotaxonomic characteristics of F21T included MK-7 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) as major cellular fatty acids, and phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine as major polar lipids. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, phylogenetic distinctiveness, and genomic data, we named strain F21T as Algoriphagus aquimaris sp. nov. and proposed that strain F21T (=KEMB 2250–007T= KCTC 72106T=JCM 33187T) in the genus Algoriphagus represents a novel species.
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Faecalibacter macacae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of Macaca assamensis
More LessHuge numbers of bacteria reside in the digestive tract of most animals. During an investigation into the bacterial diversity of primates, strain YIM 102668T was isolated. When neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences was conducted, strain YIM 102668T formed a cluster within the family Flavobacteriaceae and in a lineage not associated with any known group of previously proposed genera. Closely related genera were Algoriella (94.8 %), Chishuiella (94.8 %), Empedobacter (highest 94.6 %), Moheibacter (90.9 %) and Weeksella (90.6 %). In addition, strain YIM 102668T contained MK-6 as the predominant respiratory quinone and iso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine and the genomic DNA G+C content was 30.6 mol%. These chemotaxonomic characterizations confirmed that strain YIM 102668T belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae . Supported by the results of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, we propose that strain YIM 102668T represents a novel genus, for which the name Faecalibacter macacae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 102668T (=KCTC 52109T=CCTCC AB 2016016T).
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Maribacter algicola sp. nov., isolated from a marine red alga, Porphyridium marinum, and transfer of Maripseudobacter aurantiacus Chen et al. 2017 to the genus Maribacter as Maribacter aurantiacus comb. nov.
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic and moderately halophilic bacterial strain, designated strain PoM-212T, was isolated from a marine alga, Porphyridium marinum, in the Republic of Korea. Cells were catalase- and oxidase-positive rods with gliding motility without flagellum. Growth was observed at 20–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 5.0–8.5 (pH 5.0–5.5) and in the presence of 0.5–5 % (w/v) NaCl (2–3 %). Strain PoM-212T contained iso-C15 : 1, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as major fatty acids and menaquinone-6 as the sole isoprenoid quinone. Phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified polar lipids were detected as major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 41.0 mol%. Strain PoM-212T was most closely related to Maribacter lutimaris KJ4T, Maripseudobacter aurantiacus CDA4T and Maribacter flavus C3T with 97.2, 97.2 and 97.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively, and it formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage from them within the genus Maribacter . Maripseudobacter aurantiacus formed a close phylogenetic lineage with Maribacter flavus with 99.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, but their digital DNA–DNA hybridization value was 67.4 %. On the basis of its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, strain PoM-212T represents a novel species of the genus Maribacter , for which the name Maribacter algicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PoM-212T (=KACC 19789T=JCM 32941T). The transfer of Maripseudobacter aurantiacus to the genus Maribacter as Maribacter aurantiacus comb. nov. is also proposed (type strain CDA4T=KCTC 52409T=MCCC 1K03210T).
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Flavicella sediminum sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment
More LessA novel, Gram-stain-negative, motile, flagellated, aerobic, rod-shaped (0.5–0.7 µm wide and 1.0–1.2 µm long) and faint-yellow strain, designated ALS 84T, was isolated from marine sediment sampled at Ailian bay, Rongcheng, PR China. Growth occurred in the presence of 1–3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 % NaCl), at pH 4.0–8.0 (pH 6.0–7.0) and at 8–30 °C (28 °C). The genome size was 4.37 Mbp. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 33.6 mol%. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested that strain ALS 84T belongs to the genus Flavicella within the family Flavobacteriaceae , and is most closely related to Flavicella marina (95.6 % similarity). The major fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C15 : 0 3-OH (22.9 %), iso-C15 : 0 (14.0 %) and C16 : 0 (10.9 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified lipids. Menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was identified as the respiratory quinone. On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data obtained in the study, strain ALS 84T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Flavicella , for which the name Flavicella sediminum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the novel species is strain ALS 84T (=KCTC 62398T=MCCC 1K03480T).
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Seonamhaeicola maritimus sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and orange-pigmented bacterium, designated 1505T, was isolated from marine sediment that was obtained off the coast of Weihai, PR China. Strain 1505T was found to grow at 10–35 °C (optimum, 28 °C), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, 7.5) and in the presence of 1–4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Cells were positive for oxidase and catalase activity. The 16S rRNA gene based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of strain 1505T were Seonamhaeicola algicola Gy8T (97.1 %), Seonamhaeicola marinus B011T (96.3 %) and Seonamhaeicola aphaedonensis KCTC 32578T (95.6 %). Based on phylogenomic analysis, the average nucleotide identity values between strain 1505T and S. algicola Gy8T, S. marinus B011T and S. aphaedonensis KCTC 32578T were 75.9, 76.0 and 77.7 %, respectively; the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values based on the draft genomes between strain 1505T and S. algicola Gy8T, S. marinus B011T and S. aphaedonensis KCTC 32578T were 20.0, 20.7 and 21.4 %, respectively. Menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was detected as the major respiratory quinone. The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G and C18 : 1ω9c. The DNA G+C content of strain 1505T was 33.3 mol%. The polar lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, six aminolipids and four unidentified lipids. Based on its phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, strain 1505T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Seonamhaeicola , for which the name Seonamhaeicola maritimus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1505T (=KCTC 72528T=MCCC 1H00389T).
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Gramella sabulilitoris sp. nov., isolated from a marine sand
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile by gliding and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated HSMS-1T, was isolated from a marine sand collected from the Yellow Sea, Republic of Korea, and identified by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that HSMS-1T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of species of the genus Gramella . HSMS-1T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 99.0 and 98.7 % to the type strains of Gramella echinicola and Gramella sediminilitoris and of 93.3–98.5 % to the type strains of the other species of the genus Gramella . The ANI and dDDH values between HSMS-1T and the type strains of G. echinicola , Gramella gaetbulicola , Gramella forsetii , Gramella salexigens , Gramella portivictoriae and Gramella flava were 72.6–79.3 % and 17.4–22.2 %, respectively. Mean DNA–DNA relatedness value between HSMS-1T and the type strain of G. sediminilitoris was 18 %. HSMS-1T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipid of HSMS-1T was phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content of HSMS-1T from genomic sequence data was 39.2 %. Distinguishing phenotypic properties, along with the phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that HSMS-1T is separated from recognized species of the genus Gramella . On the basis of the data presented, strain HSMS-1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gramella , for which the name Gramella sabulilitoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HSMS-1T(=KACC 19899T=NBRC 113648T).
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Arenibacter aquaticus sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from surface sea water in the South China Sea
More LessA Gram-stain-negative and facultatively anaerobic bacterial strain, designated GUOT, was isolated from surface water collected from the South China Sea. Cells were non-flagellate, yellow, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. The 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons with species in the genus Arenibacter showed that strain GUOT shares the highest similarity of 97.5 % with Arenibacter echinorum and Arenibacter palladensis . Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain GUOT and its related type strains were 77.1–78.4% and 20.8–26.2 % respectively. Growth of strain GUOT occurred at 15–50°C (optimum, 20–25°C), pH 5–7.5 (pH 6) and in media containing 0–7 % NaCl (optimum, 0–1 %). Cells contained methanol-soluble yellow-coloured pigments but flexirubin-type pigments were absent. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, summed feature 3, iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. The dominant polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine and some unidentified polar lipids. The main respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6. The DNA G+C content of strain GUOT was 40.1 %. Based on the presented data, we consider strain GUOT to represent a novel species of the genus Arenibacter , for which the name Arenibacter aquaticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GUOT (=KCTC 62629T=MCCC 1K03559T)
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Formosa maritima sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, gliding-motile, rod-shaped and orange-pigmented bacterium, designated 1494T, was isolated from marine sediment collected off the coast of Weihai, PR China. Strain 1494T was found to grow at 4–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.0–9.0 (pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–8 % (w/v) NaCl (2 %). Cells were positive for oxidase and catalase activity. The results of 16S rRNA gene based phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain 1494T belonged to the genus Formosa and exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Formosa spongicola KCTC 22662 T (98.4 %). Menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was detected as the major respiratory quinone. The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content of strain 1494T was 31.1 mol%. The major polar lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified phospholipid and one unidentified lipid. Based on its phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, strain 1494T is considered to represent a novel species from the genus Formosa , for which the name Formosa maritima sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1494T (=KCTC 72531T=MCCC 1H00385T).
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Flavobacterium psychrotolerans sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from Renlongba glacier on the Tibetan Plateau
More LessOne aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain RB1R5T, was isolated from Renlongba glacier in Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Growth was observed at 4–25 °C and pH 7.0–8.0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain RB1R5T belongs to the genus Flavobacterium , and its closest relatives are Flavobacterium luteum IMCC26026T and Flavobacterium psychroterrae CCM 8827T with 97.75 and 97.42% gene sequence similarities, respectively. The average nucleotide identity and DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain RB1R5T and its closest relative Flavobacterium luteum IMCC26026T were 78.02 and 21.8 %, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c). The sole menaquinone was MK-6. The major phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characterizations, strain RB1R5T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium psychrotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RB1R5T (=CGMCC 1.23024T=NBRC 113060T).
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Flavobacterium microcysteis sp. nov., isolated from a culture of Microcystis aeruginosa
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain MaA-Y11T, was isolated from a culture of Microcystis aeruginosa in the Republic of Korea. Cells were non-motile rods showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth of strain MaA-Y11T was observed at 25–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, 7.0) and in the presence of 0–1.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Strain MaA-Y11T did not produce flexirubin-type pigments. Strain MaA-Y11T contained iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as major cellular fatty acids and menaquinone-6 as the sole isoprenoid quinone. Phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids and four unidentified lipids were detected as the major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, showed that strain MaA-Y11T formed a phyletic lineage with Flavobacterium lindanitolerans IP-10T within the genus Flavobacterium . Strain MaA-Y11T was most closely related to Flavobacterium lindanitolerans IP-10T, with a 98.85 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, and shared less than 93.87 % sequence similarities with other type strains. Average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain MaA-Y11T and the type strain of F. lindanitolerans were 87.0 and 32.3 %, respectively. Here, we conclude that strain MaA-Y11T represents a new species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium microcysteis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MaA-Y11T (=KACC 21225T=JCM 33501T).
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Dyadobacter flavalbus sp. nov., isolated from lake sediment
More LessA novel bacterial strain, designated NS28T, was isolated from interfacial sediment sampled at Taihu Lake, PR China. Cells were rod-shaped, Gram-negative, aerobic and non-motile on Reasoner's 2A medium. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NS28T was most closely related to species from the genus Dyadobacter , with 98.4 and 96.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest phylogenetic neighbours Dyadobacter sediminis CGMCC 1.12895T and Dyadobacter luticola CCTCC AB 2017091T, respectively. MK-7 was the only cellular menaquinone. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 1ω5c. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one phospholipid, one aminolipid, one lipid and two unidentified lipids. Genomic analysis of strain NS28T indicated that the total genome size was 6 477 094 bp with a G+C content of 44.8 mol%, 5380 protein-coding genes, 79 contigs and an N50 length of 299584 bp. On the basis of the genomic DNA sequence, the average nucleotide identity values were 90.5 and 74.1 % with D. sediminis CGMCC 1.12895T and D. luticola CCTCC AB 2017091T, respectively. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization results of strain NS28T with D. sediminis CGMCC 1.12895T and D. luticola CCTCC AB 2017091T were 40.9 and 18.6 %, respectively. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genome sequence data presented here, it is proposed that strain NS28T represents a novel species of the genus Dyadobacter for which the name Dyadobacter flavalbus is proposed . The type strain is NS28T (=NBRC 113854T=MCCC 1K03764T).
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Thermaurantimonas aggregans gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic heterotrophic aggregating bacterium isolated from microbial mats at a terrestrial hot spring
More LessA moderately thermophilic and heterotrophic bacterial strain, LAT, was isolated from microbial mats sampled at a hot spring in Nakabusa, Nagano, Japan. The cells of strain LAT were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-sporulating, non-motile and rod-shaped (2.0–4.1 µm long). The formation of dense cell aggregates in liquid medium was a unique characteristic of the strain. Strain LAT grew optimally at 50°C and at pH 7.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the nearest neighbour of strain LAT was Schleiferia thermophila JCM 30197T with 94.1 % sequence similarity. The draft genome sequence of strain LAT (2 671 880 bp) showed 18.0 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization, 70.9 % average nucleotide identity and 72.1 % average amino acid identity (AAI) values in comparison with the genome sequence of S. thermophila JCM 30197T (2 606 763 bp); the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and AAI values are lower than the cutoffs used for assignment to a separate genus. On the basis of phenotypic features, major cellular fatty acid composition, genome sequencing and phylogenetic position, a novel genus and species are proposed for strain LAT, to be named Thermaurantimonas aggregans (= JCM 31826T=DSM 106522T).
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Lacibacter luteus sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater river
More LessAn isolate, designated TTM-7T, recovered from a freshwater river in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and an up-to-date bacterial core gene set (92 protein clusters) indicated that strain TTM-7T is affiliated with species in the genus Lacibacter . Strain TTM-7T was most closely related to Lacibacter cauensis NJ-8T with a 98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, followed by Lacibacter daechungensis H32-4T (97.4 %) and Lacibacter nakdongensis SS2-56T (96.3 %). Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, rod-shaped and formed orange colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 25 °C, pH 7 and 0 % NaCl. The major fatty acids of strain TTM-7T were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) and iso-C15 : 1 G. The predominant hydroxy fatty acid was iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminoglycolipids, five unidentified aminophospholipids and one unidentified lipid. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. Genomic DNA G+C content of strain TTM-7T was 40.6 mol%. Strain TTM-7T showed 83.6 % average nucleotide identity and 16.0 % digital DNA–DNA hybridization identity with Lacibacter cauensis NJ-8T. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties and phylogenetic inference, strain TTM-7T should be classified in a novel species of the genus Lacibacter , for which the name Lacibacter luteus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TTM-7T (=BCRC 81159T=LMG 30926T=KCTC 62870T).
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- Firmicutes and Related Organisms
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Absicoccus porci gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Erysipelotrichaceae isolated from pig faeces
More LessAn obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive and coccus-shaped bacterium, designated strain YH-panp20T, was isolated from pig faeces. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the isolate belongs to the family Erysipelotrichaceae , and is most closely related to Catenisphaera adipataccumulans KCTC 15517T (93.5 % sequence similarity), followed by Faecalitalea cylindroides KCTC 5815T (92.2 %), Faecalicoccus acidiformans KCTC 15521T (90.2 %) and Holdemanella biformis KCTC 5969T (89.6 %). Average nucleotide identity values between YH-panp20T and its closest relatives were lower than 71 %. The G+C content of the isolate was 38.4 mol%, and its cell-wall peptidoglycan was found to be of A1γ type and contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1 cis 9, C18 : 0 DMA and C16 : 0. The major end-products of glucose fermentation were lactate, acetate and formate. Therefore, based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic properties, a novel genus and species, Absicoccus porci gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for isolate YH-panp20T (=KCTC 15747T=JCM 32769T).
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Description of Erysipelothrix piscisicarius sp. nov., an emergent fish pathogen, and assessment of virulence using a tiger barb (Puntigrus tetrazona) infection model
A recently described emergent disease of ornamental fish has been associated with an Erysipelothrix species positive for the surface protective antigen (spa) C gene. Whole genome sequencing was performed on five spaC Erysipelothrix isolates from diseased ornamental fish. In addition, these spaC Erysipelothrix isolates were compared to spaA-, spaB- and other spaC-positive Erysipelothrix species isolated from terrestrial and marine mammals, birds and fish using multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA). The genomes of fish pathogenic spaC isolates were genetically distinct from Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae , sharing 86.61–86.94 % average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values of 31.6–32.2 %, but 99.01–99.11 % ANI and 90.8–91.9 % dDDH values with the uncharacterized spaC-positive Erysipelothrix sp. strain 2 isolated from swine. The findings indicate the spaC-positive fish and swine isolates are conspecific and represent a previously unrecognized taxon. While phylogenies inferred from MLSA sequences confirm this conclusion, slight genetic differences between the spaC fish isolates and swine strain 2 were indicated. Bath immersion challenge trials were conducted using tiger barbs (Puntigrus tetrazona) exposed by immersion to 107 c.f.u. ml−1 of three fish pathogenic spaC Erysipelothrix species, and three spaA and two spaB E. rhusiopathiae isolates as a model of infection. Thirty days post-challenge, cumulative mean percentage survival was 37 % for the spaA, 100 % for the spaB and 13 % for the spaC isolates, revealing differences in virulence among the various spa genotypes in fish. Genetic findings and observed differences in virulence demonstrate the fish pathogenic spaC isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Erysipelothrix piscisicarius sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is E. piscisicarius 15TAL0474T (=NRRL B-65533T=ATCC-TSD-175T=DSM 110099T).
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Psychrobacillus vulpis sp. nov., a new species isolated from faeces of a red fox in Spain
More LessA facultative anaerobic, chemoheterotrophic, endospore-forming, Gram-stain-positive rod, designated as strain Z8T, was isolated from red fox (Vulpes vulpes) faeces sampled at Tablas de Daimiel National Park, Ciudad Real, Spain. Strain Z8T grew at 0–37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), in the presence of 0–5.5 % (w/v) NaCl (2.5 %, w/v) and at pH 6–10 (pH 7). The strain was motile and positive for catalase, oxidase, H2S and siderophore production, acid and alkaline phosphatases, and N-acetylglucosamine, adipic acid and malate assimilation. It hydrolysed starch, DNA, l-tyrosine, Tween 20, Tween 80 and lecithovitellin. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain Z8T is a member of the genus Psychrobacillus , showing high sequence similarity to Psychrobacillus lasiicapitis NEAU-3TGS17T (99.2 %) and Psychrobacillus soli NHI-2TT (99.1 %), and around 98 % to other known species of the genus Psychrobacillus . Digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values were lower than 24 and 79 %, respectively, with the most related species. In silico G+C content was 35.9 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain Z8T were iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The novel strain contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol as predominant polar lipids, and the main respiratory isoprenoid quinone was MK-8. Based on the 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, together with MLSA (recA, rpoB and gyrB), phylogenomic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic results, we demonstrate that strain Z8T represents a novel species of the genus Psychrobacillus, for which the name Psychrobacillus vulpis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is Z8T (=CECT 9721T=LMG 31001T).
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Gudongella oleilytica gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerotorelant bacterium isolated from Shengli oilfield and validation of family Tissierellaceae
More LessA novel Gram-stain-positive, rod shaped and anaerobic bacterium, designated as W6T, was isolated from Shengli oilfield in China. Strain W6T was observed to grow from 20 to 45 °C with pH 6.5–9.0 (optimally at 40 °C and pH of 7.5) and without addition of NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (29.1%), C14 : 0 (27.0%) and C16 : 0 (12.2%), and the main polar lipids were lipids (L) and aminolipids (AL). The DNA G+C content is 42.9 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain W6T showed highest similarities to Tissierella creatinini DSM 9508T (94.9%) and Soehngenia saccharolytica DSM 12858T (94.1%). The morphological, physiological, biochemical, phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses demonstrated strain W6T (CCAM 534T=DSM 28124T=CGMCC 1.5291T) represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Gudongella oleilytica gen. nov. sp. nov. is proposed. The family Tissierellaceae is proposed as a new family containing the genera Anaerosalibacter , Gudongella, Keratinibaculum , Soehngenia , Sporanaerobacter , Tepidimicrobium , Tissierella , Urmitella and species Clostridium ultunense based on the phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses.
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Paenibacillus protaetiae sp. nov., isolated from gut of larva of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, endospore-forming and motile bacterium with peritrichous flagella was isolated from a gut sample of the larva of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea. Growth was observed at 15–50 °C (optimum, 28–37 °C), pH 6.0–8.0 (pH 7.0) and only without NaCl. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain FW100M-2T had the highest similarity to type strains of Paenibacillus thailandensis S3-4AT (96.8 %) and Paenibacillus agaridevorans DSM 1355T (96.3 %), and had sequence similarity values less than 96.0 % to all other taxa. The phylogenetic tree showed that strain FW100M-2T fell into the genus Paenibacillus , and formed a cluster with P. thailandensis S3-4AT independent from other Paenibacillus species. Antesio-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were detected as the major fatty acids. The only isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. Polar lipids of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid, two unidentified phospholipids and an unidentified lipid were present. The meso-diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The genomic DNA G+C content was 51.5 mol%. Hence, strain FW100M-2T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus , for which the name Paenibacillus protaetiae sp. nov. is proposed, with FW100M-2T (=KACC 19327T=NBRC 113071T) as the type strain.
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Sediminibacillus terrae sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from non-saline farm soil
A Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, strain JSM 102062T, was isolated from a non-saline farm soil sample collected from Dehang Canyon in Hunan, PR China. Growth occurred with 0.5–20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 4–7 %) at pH 5.5–11.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and at 20–50 °C (optimum 30–35 °C). Contained cell-wall peptidoglycan based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and possessed menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, five unidentified phospholipids and an unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 102062T belonged to the genus Sediminibacillus , sharing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Sediminibacillus halophilus EN8dT (99.4 %) and Sediminibacillus albus NHBX5T (98.3 %). The whole genomic analysis showed that strain JSM 102062T constituted a different taxon separated from the recognized Sediminibacillus species. Combined data from phenotypic and genotypic studies demonstrated that strain JSM 102062T represents a noval species of the genus Sediminibacillus , for which the name Sediminibacillus terrae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is JSM 102062T (=CCTCC AB 2014166T = CGMCC 1.12957T=DSM 28949T=KCTC 33541T).
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Hydrogeniiclostidium mannosilyticum gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated from human faeces
A strain of obligately anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive rods was isolated from child faeces and characterized both phenotypically and genotypically. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequencing revealed the strain to represent a member of the family Ruminococcaceae distant from described species and genera. The strain was moderately saccharolytic with mannose as the preferred substrate and produced lactic acid, acetic acid and H2 as the end products. The major cellular long-chain fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C16 : 0 aldehyde. The genomic DNA G+C content was 52.3 mol%. On the basis of chemotaxonomic and genomic properties it was concluded that the strain represents a novel species in a new genus within the family Ruminococcaceae , for which the name Hydrogeniiclostidium mannosilyticum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Hydrogeniiclostidium mannosilyticum is ASD2818T (=VKM B-3268T=JCM 33295T).
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Anaerosphaera multitolerans sp. nov., a salt-tolerant member of the family Peptoniphilaceae isolated from a mesophilically operated biogas fermenter fed with maize silage
More LessIn this work, we succeeded in the isolation of a novel species out of a mesophilically operated biogas fermenter fed with maize silage. Strains GS7-6-2T, GS-7K2 and GS-0K3 were isolated from three individual enrichment cultures. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that the isolates had 100 % sequence identity and were most closely related to Anaerosphaera amininiphila WN036T, with which they shared a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 93.1 %. As a representative, strain GS7-6-2T was further characterized. Strain GS7-6-2T was mesophilic with its growth optimum at 30 °C and a pH range from pH 5.5 to 9.5 (optimum, pH 6.0–8.5). Cells were spherical and sometimes arranged into short chains. Growth was possible with up to 3.6 % (w/v) NaCl, but best without additional NaCl. Strain GS7-6-2T produced butyric acid and acetic acid as main fermentation products while growing on GS2 medium. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω9c. The Gram-stain result was negative. The DNA G+C content was 32.8 mol%. Strain GS7-6-2T was able to ferment 16 (comprising four carbohydrates, five amino acids, four organic acids and three nucleotides) out of the 95 tested substrates. Due to the ecological, genetic and phenotypic differences from the most closely affiliated and validly named organism, A. amininiphila WN036T, the isolates represent a novel species within the genus Anaerosphaera , family Peptoniphilaceae , for which the name Anaerosphaera multitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GS7-6-2T (=DSM 107952T=CECT 9705T).
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Halalkalibacillus sediminis sp. nov., isolated from sediment of sea cucumber culture pond
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped (0.3–0.4×1.2–2.0 µm), strictly aerobic and beige-pigmented bacterium, designated B3227T, was isolated from the sediment of a sea cucumber culture pond in Rongcheng, China (122.2° E 36.9° N). Its biochemical characteristics analysis revealed that the cells of this bacterium were catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Cell growth occurred at 15–45 °C (optimum, 37 °C), pH 6.5–9.0 (pH 7.5–8.0) and in the presence of 0.0–22.0 % (w/v) NaCl (6.0–9.0 % NaCl). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that strain B3227T exhibited similarities of 95.7, 95.5, 95.5 and 95.3 % to the type strains of Filobacillus milensis , Piscibacillus salipiscarius , Halalkalibacillus halophilus and Piscibacillus halophilus , respectively, and the results of physiological analyses revealed that strain B3227T was most similar to the genus Halalkalibacillus . The cells were endospore-forming and comprised an A1-γ-meso-diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycan. The respiratory quinone of strain B3227T was MK-7, and the dominant fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The genomic DNA G+C content was 38.7 mol%. The average nucleotide identity values between strain B3227T and H. halophilus JCM 14192T (ANIb 69.5%, ANIm 84.2 %) and F. milensis JCM 12288T (ANIb 70.1 %, ANIm 84.1 %) were below the cut-off level (95–96 %) for species delineation. The results of kegg analysis revealed that strain B3227T could biosynthesize shikimate acid, a base compound for the formulation of the swine flu drug. Based on its morphological and physiological properties, as well as phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain B3227T should be placed into the genus Halalkalibacillus as a representative of a new species, for which the name Halalkalibacillus sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B3227T (=KCTC 33093T=MCCC 1H00193T).
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- Other Bacteria
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Borrelia maritima sp. nov., a novel species of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, occupying a basal position to North American species
Borrelia species are vector-borne parasitic bacteria with unusual, highly fragmented genomes that include a linear chromosome and linear as well as circular plasmids that differ numerically between and within various species. Strain CA690T, which was cultivated from a questing Ixodes spinipalpis nymph in the San Francisco Bay area, CA, was determined to be genetically distinct from all other described species belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The genome, including plasmids, was assembled using a hybrid assembly of short Illumina reads and long reads obtained via Oxford Nanopore Technology. We found that strain CA690T has a main linear chromosome containing 902176 bp with a blast identity ≤91 % compared with other Borrelia species chromosomes and five linear and two circular plasmids. A phylogeny based on 37 single-copy genes of the main linear chromosome and rooted with the relapsing fever species Borrelia duttonii strain Ly revealed that strain CA690T had a sister-group relationship with, and occupied a basal position to, species occurring in North America. We propose to name this species Borrelia maritima sp. nov. The type strain, CA690T, has been deposited in two national culture collections, DSMZ (=107169) and ATCC (=TSD-160)
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Ktedonosporobacter rubrisoli gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel representative of the class Ktedonobacteria, isolated from red soil, and proposal of Ktedonosporobacteraceae fam. nov.
More LessA novel filamentous, spore-forming, Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated SCAWS-G2T, was isolated from red soil in Jiangxi Province, PR China. The strain grew at 25–45 °C and at pH 4.0–7.0, and was able to tolerate up to 50 mM Zn2+. The complete genome of strain SCAWS-G2T was a circular chromosome of ~11.34 Mb, which contained four 16S rRNA genes with three sequence types (0.4–0.8 % differences). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SCAWS-G2T formed a distinct lineage within the order Ktedonobacterales , showing <89.2 % sequence similarities to the recognized taxa of this order. The whole-genome based phylogenomic tree separated strain SCAWS-G2T from the recognized families within Ktedonobacterales . The genome-wide average nucleotide identity values between strain SCAWS-G2T and the related type strains were <68.2 %. The strain can also be differentiated from the recognized families by a number of phenotypic characteristics. The polar lipids of SCAWS-G2T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, seven unidentified glycolipids and one unidentified lipid. The peptidoglycan amino acids contained ornithine, glycine, glutamic acid and alanine, and the cell-wall sugars were mainly galactose and rhamnose. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1 2-OH, C16 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. Based on all these data, we propose that strain SCAWS-G2T represents a novel genus and species, Ktedonosporobacter rubrisoli gen. nov., sp. nov., within the new family Ktedonosporobacteraceae fam. nov. of the order Ktedonobacterales . The type strain of Ktedonosporobacter rubrisoli is SCAWS-G2T (=CGMCC 1.16132T=DSM 105258T).
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Tepidiforma bonchosmolovskayae gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic Chloroflexi bacterium from a Chukotka hot spring (Arctic, Russia), representing a novel class, Tepidiformia, which includes the previously uncultivated lineage OLB14
A novel aerobic moderately thermophilic bacterium, strain 3753OT, was isolated from a Chukotka hot spring (Arctic, Russia) using the newly developed technology of laser engineering of microbial systems. Сells were regular short rods, 0.4×0.8–2.0 µm in size, with a monoderm-type envelope and a single flagellum. The temperature and pH ranges for growth were 42–60 °C and pH 6.5–8.5, the optima being 50–54 °C and pH 7.3. Strain 3753OT grew chemoorganoheterotrophically on a number of carbohydrates or peptidic substrates and volatile fatty acids, and chemolithoautotrophically with siderite (FeCO3) as the electron donor. The major cellular fatty acid was branched C19 : 0. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified phospholipids as well as two yellow carotenoid-type pigments were detected in the polar lipid extract. Strain 3753OT was inhibited by chloramphenicol, polymyxin B, vancomycin, streptomycin, neomycin and kanamycin, but resistant to the action of novobiocin and ampicillin. The DNA G+C content was 69.9 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene as well as 51 conservative protein sequence-based phylogenetic analyses placed strain 3753OT within the previously uncultivated lineage OLB14 in the phylum Chloroflexi . Taking into account the phylogenetic position as well as phenotypic properties of the novel isolate, the novel genus and species Tepidiforma bonchosmolovskayae gen. nov., sp. nov., within the Tepidiformaceae fam. nov., the Tepidiformales ord. nov. and the Tepidiformia classis nov. are proposed. The type strain of Tepidiforma bonchosmolovskayae is 3753OT (=VKM B-3389T=KTCT 72284T).
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Limnoglobus roseus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel freshwater planctomycete with a giant genome from the family Gemmataceae
The family Gemmataceae accommodates aerobic, chemoorganotrophic planctomycetes, which inhabit various freshwater ecosystems, wetlands and soils. Here, we describe a novel member of this family, strain PX52T, which was isolated from a boreal eutrophic lake in Northern Russia. This isolate formed pink-pigmented colonies and was represented by spherical cells that occurred singly, in pairs or aggregates and multiplied by budding. Daughter cells were highly motile. PX52T was an obligate aerobic chemoorganotroph, which utilized various sugars and some heteropolysaccharides. Growth occurred at pH 5.0–7.5 (optimum pH 6.5) and at temperatures between 10 and 30 °C (optimum 20–25 °C). The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ɷ7c, C18 : 0 and βOH-C16:0; the major intact polar lipid was trimethylornithine, and the quinone was MK-6. The complete genome of PX52T was 9.38 Mb in size and contained nearly 8000 potential protein-coding genes. Among those were genes encoding a wide repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) including 33 glycoside hydrolases (GH) and 87 glycosyltransferases (GT) affiliated with 17 and 12 CAZy families, respectively. DNA G+C content was 65.6 mol%. PX52T displayed only 86.0–89.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to taxonomically described Gemmataceae planctomycetes and differed from them by a number of phenotypic characteristics and by fatty acid composition. We, therefore, propose to classify it as representing a novel genus and species, Limnoglobus roseus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is strain PX52T (=KCTC 72397T=VKM B-3275T).
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Anaerohalosphaera lusitana gen. nov., sp. nov., and Limihaloglobus sulfuriphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from solar saltern sediments, and proposal of Anaerohalosphaeraceae fam. nov. within the order Sedimentisphaerales
More LessTwo strains of anaerobic, coccoid, saccharolytic, Gram-stain-negative bacteria were isolated from samples of anoxic hypersaline sediments of evaporation ponds in Tavira (Portugal) and Mallorca (Spain). Both isolates were moderately halophilic, neutrophilic and had a temperature optimum at 37 °C. The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence identity values were found with members of the genus Sedimentisphaera (84.9–88.2 %) within the order Sedimentisphaerales, class Phycisphaerae . The strain SM-Chi-D1T could be assigned to the family Sedimentisphaeraceae , while phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and genomic data indicate that strain ST-NAGAB-D1T is both a member of a novel genus and a novel family. SM-Chi-D1T could be distinguished from other cultured members of the Sedimentisphaeraceae mainly by the stimulatory effect of sulfur on growth, lack of ethanol production during fermentation and several differences in the cellular fatty acids and polar lipids patterns. Main differential characteristics of ST-NAGAB-D1T were a polytrichous flagellation, the absence of branched chain fatty acids and presence of large proportions of the unsaturated cellular fatty acids C16 : 1 c9 and C18 : 1 c11. On the basis of genomic, chemotaxonomic, biochemical and physiological data, we propose the novel species and genera Anaerohalosphaera lusitana gen. nov., sp. nov., and Limihaloglobus sulfuriphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., represented by the type strains ST-NAGAB-D1T (=DSM 103484T=JCM 31926T=KCTC 15600T) and SM-Chi-D1T (=DSM 100118T=JCM 31927T=KCTC 15601T), respectively. In addition, we propose the novel family Anaerohalosphaeraceae fam. nov. to accommodate the genus Anaerohalosphaera.
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
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Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
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Volume 70 (2020)
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Volume 69 (2019)
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Volume 68 (2018)
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Volume 67 (2017)
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Volume 66 (2016)
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Volume 65 (2015)
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Volume 64 (2014)
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Volume 63 (2013)
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Volume 62 (2012)
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Volume 61 (2011)
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Volume 56 (2006)
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Volume 52 (2002)
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Volume 47 (1997)
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Volume 46 (1996)
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Volume 45 (1995)
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Volume 44 (1994)
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Volume 42 (1992)
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Volume 41 (1991)
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Volume 40 (1990)
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Volume 39 (1989)
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Volume 38 (1988)
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Volume 37 (1987)
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Volume 36 (1986)
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Volume 35 (1985)
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Volume 34 (1984)
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Volume 33 (1983)
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Volume 32 (1982)
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Volume 31 (1981)
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Volume 30 (1980)
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Volume 29 (1979)
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Volume 28 (1978)
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Volume 27 (1977)
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Volume 26 (1976)
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Volume 25 (1975)
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Volume 24 (1974)
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Volume 23 (1973)
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Volume 22 (1972)
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Volume 21 (1971)
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Volume 20 (1970)
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Volume 19 (1969)
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Volume 18 (1968)
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Volume 17 (1967)
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Volume 16 (1966)
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Volume 15 (1965)
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Volume 14 (1964)
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Volume 12 (1962)
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Volume 7 (1957)
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Volume 6 (1956)
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Volume 5 (1955)
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Volume 4 (1954)
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Volume 3 (1953)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)