- Volume 57, Issue 5, 2007
Volume 57, Issue 5, 2007
- Validation List No. 115
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List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
The purpose of this announcement is to effect the valid publication of the following new names and new combinations under the procedure described in the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Authors and other individuals wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in future lists should send three copies of the pertinent reprint or photocopies thereof, or an electronic copy of the published paper, to the IJSEM Editorial Office for confirmation that all of the other requirements for valid publication have been met. It is also a requirement of IJSEM and the ICSP that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in two recognized culture collections in two different countries (i.e. documents certifying deposition and availability of type strains). It should be noted that the date of valid publication of these new names and combinations is the date of publication of this list, not the date of the original publication of the names and combinations. The authors of the new names and combinations are as given below, and these authors' names will be included in the author index of the present issue and in the volume author index. Inclusion of a name on these lists validates the publication of the name and thereby makes it available in bacteriological nomenclature. The inclusion of a name on this list is not to be construed as taxonomic acceptance of the taxon to which the name is applied. Indeed, some of these names may, in time, be shown to be synonyms, or the organisms may be transferred to another genus, thus necessitating the creation of a new combination.
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- Notification List
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Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 57, part 2, of the IJSEM
This listing of names published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles). Taxonomic opinions included in this List (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission.
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- New Taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Zhihengliuella halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Micrococcaceae
The actinobacterial strain YIM 70185T was isolated from a saline soil sample collected from Qinghai province, north-west China, and subjected to a taxonomic investigation. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed 93.5–96.4 % similarity to members of related genera in the family Micrococcaceae. In the phylogenetic dendrogram based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain YIM 70185T formed a separate clade next to the genera Micrococcus and Citricoccus within the family Micrococcaceae. The peptidoglycan type was A4α, l-lys–l-ala–l-Glu. Cell-wall sugars contained glucose and tyvelose. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unknown phospholipid and an unknown glycolipid. The menaquinones were MK-9, MK-10 and MK-8 (molar ratio 5 : 2 : 1). The major fatty acids were ai-C15 : 0 and i-C15 : 0 and the DNA G+C content was 66.5 mol%. These chemotaxonomic profiles supported the assignment of strain YIM 70185T to a novel genus within the family Micrococcaceae. The name Zhihengliuella halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Zhihengliuella halotolerans is YIM 70185T (=DSM 17364T=KCTC 19085T).
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Gordonia malaquae sp. nov., isolated from sludge of a wastewater treatment plant
More LessThe taxonomic status of a bacterial isolate from the sludge of a wastewater treatment plant was characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of cell-wall chemotype IV, short-chain mycolic acids that co-migrated with those extracted from members of the genus Gordonia, fatty acids C16 : 0 and C18 : 0 (found by pyrolysis gas chromatography) and a dihydrogenated menaquinone with nine isoprene units [MK-9(H2)] as the predominant menaquinone. The genus assignment was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the novel isolate constitutes a hitherto unknown subline within the genus Gordonia, displaying 95.9 to 97.6 % gene sequence similarity to the recognized species of the genus. The novel isolate was distinguished from the type strains of phylogenetically related species by using a set of phenotypic features. The genotypic and phenotypic data show that the new strain merits classification as a novel species of the genus Gordonia, for which the name Gordonia malaquae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IMMIB WWCC-22T (=DSM 45064T=CCUG 53555T).
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Corynebacterium hansenii sp. nov., an α-glucosidase-negative bacterium related to Corynebacterium xerosis
A novel strain, C-138T, belonging to the genus Corynebacterium was isolated from a severe thigh liposarcoma infection and its differentiation from Corynebacterium xerosis and Corynebacterium freneyi is described. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, rpoB sequences and the PCR profile of the 16S–23S spacer regions was not conclusive enough to differentiate strain C-138T from C. xerosis and C. freneyi. However, according to DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain C-138T constitutes a member of a distinct novel species. It can be differentiated from strains of C. xerosis and C. freneyi by colony morphology, the absence of α-glucosidase and some biochemical characteristics such as glucose fermentation at 42 °C and carbon assimilation substrates. The name Corynebacterium hansenii sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species; the type strain is C-138T (=CIP 108444T=CCUG 53252T).
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- Archaea
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Halovivax ruber sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from Lake Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, China
A Gram-negative, pleomorphic, extremely halophilic archaeon, designated strain XH-70T, was isolated from the saline Lake Xilinhot, in Inner Mongolia, China. It formed small (0.9–1.5 mm), red-pigmented, elevated colonies on agar medium. The strain required at least 2.5 M NaCl and 5 mM Mg2+ for growth. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain XH-70T belongs to the family Halobacteriaceae, showing 99.5 % similarity to the type strain of Halovivax asiaticus and 94.7 and 94.6 % similarity, respectively, to the type strains of Natronococcus amylolyticus and Natronococcus occultus. Polar lipid analysis supported the placement of strain XH-70T in the genus Halovivax. DNA–DNA hybridization studies (32 % with Halovivax asiaticus CGMCC 1.4248T), as well as biochemical and physiological characterization, allowed strain XH-70T to be differentiated from Halovivax asiaticus. A novel species, Halovivax ruber sp. nov., is therefore proposed to accommodate this strain. The type strain is XH-70T (=CGMCC 1.6204T=DSM 18193T=JCM 13892T).
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Halorubrum arcis sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a saline lake on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China
More LessA Gram-negative, aerobic, neutrophilic and extremely halophilic archaeon (strain AJ201T), isolated from Ayakekum salt lake on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, was investigated by a polyphasic approach. The DNA G+C content of strain AJ201T was 65.7 mol%. The major polar lipid profile and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences supported the allocation of the strain to the genus Halorubrum. The results of DNA–DNA hybridizations and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain AJ201T from closely related species. Therefore, strain AJ201T represents a novel species of the genus Halorubrum, for which the name Halorubrum arcis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain AJ201T (=CGMCC 1.5343T=JCM 13916T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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‘Candidatus Aquirestis calciphila’ and ‘Candidatus Haliscomenobacter calcifugiens’, filamentous, planktonic bacteria inhabiting natural lakes
More LessFilamentous bacteria frequently occurring in the pelagic zone of natural freshwater lakes and ponds were previously identified as being related to Haliscomenobacter hydrossis based upon their 16S rRNA gene sequences. These bacteria exhibit a specific morphology characterized by the formation of straight, stick-like filaments of variable length (5 to >100 μm) and quite stable, but narrow, width (0.25 to 0.35 μm). Bacteria with these morphological characteristics form a monophyletic but broad phylogenetic group with a maximal divergence of 16S rRNA gene sequences of 12.0 %. This monophyletic group consists of at least three monophyletic subclusters. H. hydrossis is affiliated to one of these subclusters and represents the sole recognized species affiliated to the broad monophyletic group. ‘Candidatus Haliscomenobacter calcifugiens' and ‘Candidatus Aquirestis calciphila’ are uncultured representatives of the other two subclusters and have 16S rRNA gene sequence dissimilarities of 5.4 % and 8.2 %, respectively, with the type strain of H. hydrossis. ‘Candidatus H. calcifugiens' and ‘Candidatus A. calciphila’ have a 16S rRNA gene sequence dissimilarity of 8.5 %. These large ribosomal divergences justify the classification of these environmentally important bacteria as a novel species and a new genus, respectively. Intensive attempts to cultivate these filamentous bacteria have resulted in the establishment of mixed cultures, however, attempts to establish pure cultures have failed.
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Prevotella copri sp. nov. and Prevotella stercorea sp. nov., isolated from human faeces
More LessSix strains (CB7T, CB18, CB23, CB26, CB28 and CB35T) were isolated from human faeces. Based on phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics, cellular fatty acid profiles and menaquinone profiles, these strains could be included within the genus Prevotella and made up two clusters. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that five strains were most closely related to Prevotella veroralis, sharing about 92 % sequence similarity; the remaining strain was most closely related to Prevotella shahii, sharing about 90 % sequence similarity. All six strains were obligately anaerobic, non-pigmented, non-spore-forming, non-motile, Gram-negative rods. The cellular fatty acid compositions of the six strains differed significantly from those of other Prevotella species. Five strains (CB7T, CB18, CB23, CB26 and CB28) contained dimethyl acetals and the major menaquinones of these strains were MK-11, MK-12 and MK-13. The major menaquinones of CB35T were MK-12 and MK-13. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, two novel species, Prevotella copri sp. nov. and Prevotella stercorea sp. nov., are proposed, representing the two different strain clusters. The DNA G+C contents of strains CB7T and CB35T were 45.3 and 48.2 mol%, respectively. The type strains of P. copri and P. stercorea are CB7T (=JCM 13464T=DSM 18205T) and CB35T (=JCM 13469T=DSM 18206T), respectively.
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Flavobacterium terrigena sp. nov., isolated from soil
More LessA Gram-negative, rod-shaped, Flavobacterium-like bacterial strain, DS-20T, was isolated from soil from the island of Dokdo, Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain DS-20T grew optimally at pH 6.5–7.0 and 25 °C. It contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C17 : 1 ω9c as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 38.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DS-20T belonged to the genus Flavobacterium. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain DS-20T and the type strains of recognized Flavobacterium species were below 94.9 %. Strain DS-20T differed from phylogenetically related Flavobacterium species in several phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of its phenotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain DS-20T was classified in the genus Flavobacterium as representing a novel species, for which the name Flavobacterium terrigena sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS-20T (=KCTC 12761T=DSM 17934T).
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Perexilibacter aurantiacus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family ‘Flammeovirgaceae’ isolated from sediment
More LessA strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, gliding, dull-orange-pigmented, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain Shu-F-UV2-2T, was isolated from sediment (Carp Island, Republic of Palau) and was the focus of a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate was affiliated to the family ‘Flammeovirgaceae’ of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (85.5 %) to Flammeovirga yaeyamensis NBRC 100898T. The novel isolate could be differentiated phenotypically and physiologically from recognized members of the family ‘Flammeovirgaceae’. The G+C content of the DNA was 43.0 mol%, MK-7 was the major menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and C16 : 1 ω5c were the major fatty acids. On the basis of this polyphasic evidence, it was concluded that strain Shu-F-UV2-2T represents a novel species in a new genus of the family ‘Flammeovirgaceae’, for which the name Perexilibacter aurantiacus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Shu-F-UV2-2T (=MBIC06993T=IAM 15413T=KCTC 12867T).
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Galbibacter mesophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae
More LessA Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped bacterial strain (Mok-17T) was isolated from marine sediment sampled in Okinawa Island, Japan. Based on analysis of the almost complete sequence of its 16S rRNA gene, strain Mok-17T was found to belong to the family Flavobacteriaceae. Strain Mok-17T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (91 %) to Leeuwenhoekiella marinoflava and Robiginitalea biformata. In a phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene, strain Mok-17T formed a deep branch distinct from all other organisms in the family Flavobacteriaceae. The major quinone was MK-6 and the major fatty acids were iso-15 : 0, iso-15 : 1, iso-17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-15 : 0 2-OH). The DNA G+C content was 37 mol%. The phylogenetic distance to the type strains of all recognized species in the family Flavobacteriaceae and the phenotypic properties of strain Mok-17T supported its classification as representing a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Galbibacter mesophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Mok-17T (=NBRC 101624T=CIP 109219T).
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Chimaereicella boritolerans sp. nov., a boron-tolerant and alkaliphilic bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from soil
More LessA non-motile, Gram-negative, boron-tolerant and alkaliphilic bacterium was isolated from soil of the Hisarcik area in the Kutahya Province of Turkey that was naturally high in boron minerals. The novel isolate, designated T-22T, formed rod-shaped cells, was catalase- and oxidase-positive and tolerated up to 300 mM boron. The strain also survived on agar medium containing up to 3 % (w/v) NaCl. The pH range for growth of this strain was 6.5–10.0 (optimum pH 8.0–9.0) and the temperature range was 16–37 °C (optimum 28–30 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed a clear affiliation with the genus Chimaereicella, with 97.4 % sequence similarity to Chimaereicella alkaliphila AC-74T, which was the highest similarity among cultivated bacteria. The DNA–DNA relatedness with C. alkaliphila AC-74T was 28.3 %. The major respiratory quinone system was MK-7 and the predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1 ω9c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or iso-C16 : 1 ω7c). The DNA G+C content was 42.5 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic analysis and physiological, chemotaxonomic and genetic data, we concluded that strain T-22T should be classified in the genus Chimaereicella, and we propose the name Chimaereicella boritolerans sp. nov. for this novel species. The type strain is strain T-22T (=DSM 17298T=NBRC 101277T=ATCC BAA-1189T).
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Persicitalea jodogahamensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the family ‘Flexibacteraceae’, isolated from seawater in Japan
More LessAn obligately aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, pale-pink-pigmented, rod-shaped strain, designated Shu-9-SY12-35CT, was isolated from seawater in Jodogahama, Iwate, Japan, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic examination. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate was affiliated with the family ‘Flexibacteraceae’ of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (86.4 %) with Dyadobacter hamtensis HHS 11T. The novel isolate is phenotypically and physiologically different from strains described previously. The G+C content of the DNA was 56.3 mol%, MK-7 was the major menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH were the major fatty acids. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic studies, it was concluded that strain Shu-9-SY12-35CT represents a new genus and species of the family ‘Flexibacteraceae’, for which the name Persicitalea jodogahamensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Persicitalea jodogahamensis is Shu-9-SY12-35CT (=MBIC07417T=IAM 15412T=KCTC 12866T).
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Fulvivirga kasyanovii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from seawater in a mussel farm
More LessA novel, strictly aerobic, heterotrophic, gliding, Gram-negative, oxidase-, catalase-, β-galactosidase- and alkaline phosphatase-positive marine bacterium, designated strain KMM 6220T, was isolated from seawater and studied by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The DNA G+C content of strain KMM 6220T was 59.9 mol%. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C16 : 1 ω7/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strain KMM 6220T formed a cluster with the misclassified strains [Flexibacter] aggregans NBRC 15974 and [Flexibacter] tractuosus NBRC 16035 and with the type strains of Reichenbachiella agariperforans and Roseivirga ehrenbergii with levels of similarity of 95.9, 94.4, 92.0 and 91.8 %, respectively. On the basis of its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain KMM 6220T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the phylum Bacteroidetes, for which the name Fulvivirga kasyanovii gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is KMM 6220T (=CCTCC AB 206119T=KCTC 12832T).
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Flagellimonas eckloniae gen. nov., sp. nov., a mesophilic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae, isolated from the rhizosphere of Ecklonia kurome
More LessA marine bacterium, DOKDO 007T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of the marine alga Ecklonia kurome collected from Dokdo Island, Korea, in October 2004. The strain produced orange-coloured colonies on marine agar 2216. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the novel isolate belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae and showed relatively high sequence similarities with members of the genus Muricauda (92.0–94.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolate shared a lineage with members of the genera Muricauda and Costertonia. Cells were aerobic, Gram-negative rods producing non-diffusible carotenoid pigments. In contrast to all other members of the family Flavobacteriaceae, cells of DOKDO 007T were motile by means of a polar flagellum. Optimal growth occurred in the presence of 3.5–4 % (w/v) sea salts (corresponding to 2.7–3.1 % NaCl), at pH 8 and at temperatures of 26–29 °C. The novel strain required Ca2+ ions in addition to NaCl for growth. The dominant fatty acids were iso-15 : 0, iso-15 : 1ω10c and 10-methyl-16 : 0. The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. The DNA G+C content was 56.3 mol%, an unusually high value for members of the family Flavobacteriaceae. On the basis of these polyphasic taxonomic data, strain DOKDO 007T should be classified as representing a new genus and novel species in the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Flagellimonas eckloniae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DOKDO 007T (=KCCM 42307T=JCM 13831T).
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Reclassification of Flexibacter aggregans (Lewin 1969) Leadbetter 1974 as a later heterotypic synonym of Flexithrix dorotheae Lewin 1970
More LessThe taxonomic relationship between [Flexibacter] aggregans IAM 14894T and Flexithrix dorotheae NBRC 15987T was investigated by means of DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of these results, it is proposed that Flexibacter aggregans ( Lewin 1969 ) Leadbetter 1974 be considered a later heterotypic synonym of Flexithrix dorotheae Lewin 1970 . Emended descriptions of the species Flexithrix dorotheae and the genus Flexithrix are also given.
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Tenacibaculum litopenaei sp. nov., isolated from a shrimp mariculture pond
A yellow-coloured, aerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated B-IT, was isolated from the water of a shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) mariculture pond in Taiwan. No species with a validly published name showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of more than 96.5 % to this novel isolate. The highest sequence similarities displayed by strain B-IT (93.2–96.1 %) were to members of the genus Tenacibaculum. The phenotypic properties of this organism were consistent with its classification in the genus Tenacibaculum. The novel isolate could be distinguished from all Tenacibaculum species by several phenotypic characteristics. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (22 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH; 21.3 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (12.7 %) and iso-C15 : 1 (8.7 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 35.2 mol%. Hence, genotypic and phenotypic data demonstrate that strain B-IT should be classified within a novel species in the genus Tenacibaculum, for which the name Tenacibaculum litopenaei sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B-IT (=BCRC 17590T=LMG 23706T).
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- Other Bacteria
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Coraliomargarita akajimensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’ isolated from seawater in Japan
An obligately aerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile, spherical bacterium, designated strain 04OKA010-24T, was isolated from seawater surrounding the hard coral Galaxea fascicularis L., collected at Majanohama, Akajima, Japan, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the new strain represented a member of the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’ and shared 84–95 % sequence similarity with cultivated strains of ‘Verrucomicrobia’ subdivision 4. Amino acid analysis of the cell-wall hydrolysate indicated the absence of muramic acid and diaminopimelic acid, which suggested that the strain did not contain peptidoglycan in the cell wall. The G+C content of the DNA was 53.9 mol%. MK-7 was the major menaquinone and C14 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c and C18 : 0 were the major fatty acids. On the basis of these data, it was concluded that strain 04OKA010-24T represents a novel species in a new genus in subdivision 4 of the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’, for which the name Coraliomargarita akajimensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Coraliomargarita akajimensis is 04OKA010-24T (=MBIC06463T=IAM 15411T=KCTC 12865T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Halomonas avicenniae sp. nov., isolated from the salty leaves of the black mangrove Avicennia germinans in Puerto Rico
A Gram-negative, short rod to oval-shaped bacterium (strain MW2aT) was isolated from the surface of leaves of the black mangrove Avicennia germinans and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain MW2aT was moderately halophilic, growing at NaCl concentrations in the range 0–25 % (w/v) with optimum growth at 5 % (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurred at 12–40 °C (optimum, 30–35 °C) and at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–8.0). Strain MW2aT was strictly aerobic. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that the strain belongs to the genus Halomonas. The closest relative was Halomonas marisflavi, with 98.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The DNA G+C content of strain MW2aT was 61.5 mol%, which is in the range of values for Halomonas species. DNA–DNA hybridization with H. marisflavi showed a relatedness of 42 % and lower values were obtained with respect to other related Halomonas species. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, C18 : 1 ω7c and C12 : 0 3-OH. Overall, the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic results presented in this study demonstrate that strain MW2aT represents a novel species within the genus Halomonas. The name Halomonas avicenniae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain MW2aT (=CECT 7193T=CCM 7396T) as the type strain.
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Halomonas gudaonensis sp. nov., isolated from a saline soil contaminated by crude oil
More LessTwo moderately halophilic strains, SL014B-69T and SL014B-62A2, were isolated from a saline soil contaminated with crude oil in Gudao in the coastal Shengli oilfield in China; the isolates were Gram-negative, rod-shaped and carried lateral flagella. Growth occurred at NaCl concentrations of 1–20 % (w/v), at temperatures of 10–42 °C and at pH 8.0–9.0. Strain SL014B-69T had C18 : 1 ω7c (28.61 %), C19 : 1 cyclo ω7c (27.97 %), C16 : 0 (19.66 %) and C12 : 0 3-OH (8.87 %) as the predominant fatty acids and Q9 as the major ubiquinone, with the G+C content of genomic DNA being 64.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains belonged to genus of Halomonas in the Gammaproteobacteria, with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.4 % with Halomonas campisalis ATCC 700597T and 96.0 % with Halomonas desiderata FB2T. DNA–DNA relatedness of strain SL014B-69T with strain SL014B-62A2, H. campisalis ATCC 700597T and H. desiderata DSM 9502T was 97.4, 42.9 and 36.8 %, respectively. On the basis of these data, a novel species of the genus Halomonas, Halomonas gudaonensis sp. nov., is proposed for strain SL014B-69T and SL014B-62A2. The type strain is SL014B-69T (=LMG 23610T=CGMCC 1.6133T).
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Vibrio comitans sp. nov., Vibrio rarus sp. nov. and Vibrio inusitatus sp. nov., from the gut of the abalones Haliotis discus discus, H. gigantea, H. madaka and H. rufescens
More LessNine alginolytic, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile bacteria were isolated from the guts of the abalones Haliotis discus discus, H. gigantea, H. madaka and H. rufescens. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these bacteria were closely related to Vibrio superstes G3-29T (98.6–99.3 % sequence similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization and phylogenetic analysis based on the gapA gene demonstrated that six strains constituted one bacterial species, two strains represented a second species and one strain represented a third species. The three novel bacterial species were different from all currently known vibrios. The names Vibrio comitans sp. nov. (type strain GHG2-1T=LMG 23416T=NBRC 102076T; DNA G+C content 45.0–48.0 mol%), Vibrio inusitatus sp. nov. (type strain RW14T=LMG 23434T=NBRC 102082T; DNA G+C content 43.1–43.7 mol%) and Vibrio rarus sp. nov. (type strain RW22T=LMG 23674T=NBRC 102084T; DNA G+C content 43.8 mol%) are proposed to encompass these new taxa. Several phenotypic features were revealed that discriminate V. comitans, V. rarus and V. inusitatus from other Vibrio species.
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Pseudomonas reinekei sp. nov., Pseudomonas moorei sp. nov. and Pseudomonas mohnii sp. nov., novel species capable of degrading chlorosalicylates or isopimaric acid
Three bacterial strains, designated MT1T, RW10T and IpA-2T, had been isolated previously for their ability to degrade chlorosalicylates or isopimaric acid. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that these bacteria are related to species of the genus Pseudomonas. Analysis of the results of DNA–DNA hybridization with several close phylogenetic neighbours revealed a low level of hybridization (less than 57 %). On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA relatedness data and chemotaxonomic analysis, it is concluded that these isolates represent separate novel species, for which the names Pseudomonas reinekei sp. nov. (type strain MT1T =DSM 18361T=CCUG 53116T), Pseudomonas moorei sp. nov. (type strain RW10T =DSM 12647T=CCUG 53114T) and Pseudomonas mohnii sp. nov. (type strain IpA-2T =DSM 18327T=CCUG 53115T) are proposed.
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Rhodobium gokarnense sp. nov., a novel phototrophic alphaproteobacterium from a saltern
More LessA pink-pigmented, phototrophic, purple nonsulfur bacterium, strain JA173T, was isolated in pure culture from a saltern in Gokarna, India, in a medium containing 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain JA173T was a non-motile Gram-negative rod that multiplied by budding. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JA173T clusters with the class Alphaproteobacteria; highest sequence similarity (98 %) was to the type strain of Rhodobium orientis and 94 % similarity was observed to the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the type strain of Rhodobium marinum. However, DNA–DNA hybridization with R. orientis DSM 11290T revealed a relatedness value of only 35.1 % with strain JA173T. Strain JA173T contained lamellar internal membranes, bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series. Strain JA173T had an obligate requirement for NaCl (optimum growth at 2–6 %, w/v) and grew photoheterotrophically with a number of organic compounds as carbon source or electron donor. Photoautotrophic, chemoautotrophic and fermentative growth could not be demonstrated. Yeast extract was required for growth. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization data and morphological and physiological characteristics, strain JA173T is sufficiently different from other species of the genus Rhodobium to be recognized as a representative of a novel species, Rhodobium gokarnense sp. nov. The type strain is JA173T (=ATCC BAA-1215T=DSM 17935T=JCM 13532T).
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Glaciecola agarilytica sp. nov., an agar-digesting marine bacterium from the East Sea, Korea
More LessA taxonomic study was carried out on an isolate, strain NO2T, from marine sediment collected from the East Sea, Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that this strain belonged to the Gammaproteobacteria and was most closely related to Glaciecola mesophila KMM 241T and Glaciecola polaris LMG 21857T (98.6 and 98.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively). The isolate was Gram-negative, aerobic and slightly halophilic and grew in 2–8 % NaCl and at 7–30 °C. Strain NO2T shared some physiological and biochemical properties with G. mesophila KMM 241T and G. polaris LMG 21857T. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain NO2T was 45 mol%. Strain NO2T possessed C16 : 0, summed feature 4 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) and summed feature 7 (C18 : 1 ω9c/ω12t/ω7c) as the major cellular fatty acids. DNA–DNA relatedness data indicated that strain NO2T represents a distinct species that is separate from G. mesophila and G. polaris. On the basis of polyphasic evidence, it is proposed that strain NO2T (=KCTC 12755T=LMG 23762T) represents the type strain of a novel species, Glaciecola agarilytica sp. nov.
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Arenimonas donghaensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seashore sand
More LessA Gram-negative, aerobic bacterium, designated strain HO3-R19T, which was isolated from seashore sand in Pohang city, Korea, was characterized on the basis of a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain HO3-R19T represents a new lineage within the Gammaproteobacteria; sequence similarities between strain HO3-R19T and members of other related genera were less than 93.5 %. Strain HO3-R19T was also distinguished from related genera based on differences in several phenotypic characteristics. Cells were straight or slightly curved rods and formed white colonies on R2A agar. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8), and predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1 ω9c. The DNA G+C content of strain HO3-R19T was 65.0 mol%. Based on physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic traits together with results of comparative 16S rRNA sequence analysis, strain HO3-R19T is considered to represent a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Arenimonas donghaensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Arenimonas donghaensis is HO3-R19T (=KACC 11381T=DSM 18148T).
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Pseudomonas lurida sp. nov., a fluorescent species associated with the phyllosphere of grasses
More LessThe taxonomic position of a group of fluorescent pseudomonad strains isolated from the phyllosphere of grasses was investigated through a polyphasic approach. Riboprinting analysis revealed highly similar patterns for the investigated strains which supported, together with the agreement of many phenotypic characteristics, their affiliation to the same species. A comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain P 513/18T, a representative strain from the grass isolates, revealed that it was affiliated to the cluster of the ‘Pseudomonas fluorescens group’, with Pseudomonas costantinii as the closest phylogenetic neighbour. However, DNA–DNA hybridization showed a clear demarcation at the species level between strain P 513/18T and P. costantinii. Furthermore, a comparison of riboprint patterns with Pseudomonas species clustering next to the novel grass isolates on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences supported their separate species status at the phylogenetic level. Based on phenotypic features, the novel isolates could also be differentiated from the other fluorescent Pseudomonas species that share positive arginine dihydrolase and oxidase reactions. As a consequence of these phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates from the grass pyllosphere represent a novel species for which the name Pseudomonas lurida sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P 513/18T (=DSM 15835T=LMG 21995T).
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Chromobacterium subtsugae sp. nov., a betaproteobacterium toxic to Colorado potato beetle and other insect pests
More LessStrain PRAA4-1T, a motile, Gram-negative, violet-pigmented bacterium, was isolated from Maryland forest soil and found to be orally toxic to Colorado potato beetle larvae and other insects. Morphological, biological, biochemical and molecular characterization revealed that this strain was most similar to Chromobacterium violaceum, the type species and only currently recognized member of the genus Chromobacterium. DNA–DNA hybridization with C. violaceum ATCC 12472T was 27 %. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain PRAA4-1T and Chromobacterium violaceum form a monophyletic clade, with the closest ancestral taxon Vogesella indigofera within the Betaproteobacteria. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain PRAA4-1T (=NRRL B-30655T=DSM 17043T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Chromobacterium, Chromobacterium subtsugae sp. nov.
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Neptuniibacter caesariensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel marine genome-sequenced gammaproteobacterium
A Gram-negative, slightly halophilic, strictly aerobic, motile chemoorganotrophic bacterium, strain MED92T, was isolated from a surface water sample from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, retrieved from the whole-genome sequence, demonstrated that this isolate is unique, showing <93 % sequence similarity to species of the families Oceanospirillaceae and Alteromonadaceae. The polar lipid profile of the novel strain consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown aminophospholipid and diphosphatidylglycerol. Major fatty acids are 16 : 1ω7c/15 iso 2-OH (41.2 % relative amount), 18 : 1ω7c (35.9 %), 16 : 0 (16.1 %), 10 : 0 3-OH (5.0 %) and 18 : 0 (1.0 %). Preferred carbon sources are organic acids and amino acids. The DNA G+C content is 46.6 mol%. Based on a phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, it is proposed that this marine bacterium represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Neptuniibacter caesariensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MED92T (=CECT 7075T=CCUG 52065T).
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Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium sp. nov., a novel member of the family Brucellaceae, isolated from human clinical samples
Three novel Gram-negative, non-fermenting aerobic bacilli were isolated from human clinical samples. They shared more than 99.8 % of the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide positions. The strains were related to Ochrobactrum intermedium with about 97.48 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. In 16S rRNA gene-, dnaK- and rpoB-based phylogenies, the strains were grouped in a lineage that was distinct from other Ochrobactrum species in the family Brucellaceae. Fatty acid composition, polar lipids, quinone system, DNA–DNA relatedness, genome organization, and physiological and biochemical data differentiated these isolates from recognized species of the genus Ochrobactrum. The three clinical strains therefore represent a novel species within the genus Ochrobactrum, for which the name Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is ADV31T (=CIP 109116T=DSM 17490T). The DNA G+C content of strain ADV31T was 54.5 mol%.
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Sphingomonas mucosissima sp. nov. and Sphingomonas desiccabilis sp. nov., from biological soil crusts in the Colorado Plateau, USA
More LessTwo bacterial strains, CP173-2T and CP1DT, were isolated from biological soil crusts (BSCs) collected in the Colorado Plateau, USA. Both strains were pigmented, Gram-negative, non-motile rods and produced abundant mucus. They contained C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c and C14 : 0 2-OH as the predominant cellular fatty acids, ubiquinone-10 as the isoprenoid quinone and sphingoglycolipid. Based on the above characteristics, the isolates were assigned to the family Sphingomonadaceae; 16 rRNA gene signature nucleotides placed them within the genus Sphingomonas. Strains CP173-2T and CP1DT had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.7 % with each other and 91.6–98.9 % sequence similarity with other species in the genus, indicating that they represent two separate, and possibly novel, species. The closest species to strains CP173-2T and CP1DT were, respectively, Sphingomonas dokdonensis (98.9 % gene sequence similarity) and Sphingomonas panni (97.9 %). However, strain CP173-2T exhibited a DNA–DNA relatedness of only 32.5 % with the type strain of S. dokdonensis. Similarly, the DNA–DNA relatedness between strain CP1DT and the type strain of S. panni was only 18 %. Phenotypic characterization supported this low relatedness. On the basis of this evidence, we propose that the new strains represent two novel species, for which the names Sphingomonas mucosissima sp. nov. (with type strain CP173-2T=ATCC BAA-1239T=DSM 17494T) and Sphingomonas desiccabilis sp. nov. (with type strain CP1DT=ATCC BAA-1041T=DSM 16792T) are proposed.
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Marinobacter salsuginis sp. nov., isolated from the brine–seawater interface of the Shaban Deep, Red Sea
Two moderately halophilic Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from a sample taken from the brine–seawater interface of the Shaban Deep in the Red Sea. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that these organisms represent a novel species of the genus Marinobacter. Cells of the new isolates formed non-pigmented colonies and were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Strains SD-14BT and SD-14C grew optimally at 35–37 °C, in 5 % NaCl and at pH 7.5–8.0. The organisms were aerobic, but reduced nitrate to nitrogen under anaerobic conditions. Acid was produced from only a few carbohydrates. Ubiquinone 9 was the major respiratory quinone. The major fatty acids of strains SD-14BT and SD-14C were C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c/C16 : 1 ω7c) and C12 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C contents were 55.9 and 55.7 mol%, respectively. On the basis of the phylogenetic analyses and physiological and biochemical characteristics, it is proposed that strains SD-14BT and SD-14C represent a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, with the name Marinobacter salsuginis sp. nov. The type strain is strain SD-14BT (=DSM 18347T=LMG 23697T).
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Mesorhizobium ciceri biovar biserrulae, a novel biovar nodulating the pasture legume Biserrula pelecinus L.
More LessBiserrula pelecinus L. is a pasture legume species that forms a highly specific nitrogen-fixing symbiotic interaction with a group of bacteria that belong to Mesorhizobium. These mesorhizobia have >98.8 % sequence similarity to Mesorhizobium ciceri and Mesorhizobium loti for the 16S rRNA gene (1440 bp) and >99.3 % sequence similarity to M. ciceri for the dnaK gene (300 bp), and strain WSM1271 has 100 % sequence similarity to M. ciceri for GSII (600 bp). Strain WSM1271 had 85 % relatedness to M. ciceri LMG 14989T and 50 % relatedness to M. loti LMG 6125T when DNA–DNA hybridization was performed. WSM1271 also had a similar cellular fatty acid profile to M. ciceri. These results are strong evidence that the Biserrula mesorhizobia and M. ciceri belong to the same group of bacteria. Significant differences were revealed between the Biserrula mesorhizobia and M. ciceri in growth conditions, antibiotic resistance and carbon source utilization. The G+C content of the DNA of WSM1271 was 62.7 mol%, compared to 63–64 mol% for M. ciceri. The Biserrula mesorhizobia contained a plasmid (~500 bp), but the symbiotic genes were detected on a mobile symbiosis island and considerable variation was present in the symbiotic genes of Biserrula mesorhizobia and M. ciceri. There was <78.6 % sequence similarity for nodA and <66.9 % for nifH between Biserrula mesorhizobia and M. ciceri. Moreover, the Biserrula mesorhizobia did not nodulate the legume host of M. ciceri, Cicer arietinum, and M. ciceri did not nodulate B. pelecinus. These significant differences observed between Biserrula mesorhizobia and M. ciceri warrant the proposal of a novel biovar for Biserrula mesorhizobia within M. ciceri. The name Mesorhizobium ciceri biovar biserrulae is proposed, with strain WSM1271 (=LMG 23838=HAMBI 2942) as the reference strain.
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Burkholderia nodosa sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of the woody Brazilian legumes Mimosa bimucronata and Mimosa scabrella
Three strains, Br3437T, Br3461 and Br3470, were isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of Mimosa scabrella (Br3437T) and Mimosa bimucronata (Br3461, Br3470), both of which are woody legumes native to Brazil. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, all the strains were shown previously to belong to the genus Burkholderia. A polyphasic approach, including DNA–DNA hybridizations, PFGE of whole-genome DNA profiles, whole-cell protein analyses, fatty acid methyl ester analysis and extensive biochemical characterization, was used to clarify the taxonomic position of these strains further; the strains are here classified within a novel species, for which the name Burkholderia nodosa sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain, Br3437T (=LMG 23741T=BCRC 17575T), was isolated from nodules of M. scabrella.
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Methylosoma difficile gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel methanotroph enriched by gradient cultivation from littoral sediment of Lake Constance
More LessA novel methanotroph, strain LC 2T, was isolated from the littoral sediment of Lake Constance by enrichment in opposing gradients of methane and oxygen, followed by traditional isolation methods. Strain LC 2T grows on methane or methanol as its sole carbon and energy source. It is a Gram-negative, non-motile, pale-pink-coloured methanotroph showing typical intracytoplasmic membranes arranged in stacks. Cells are coccoid, elliptical or rod-shaped and occur often in pairs. Strain LC 2T grows at low oxygen concentrations and in counter-gradients of methane and oxygen. It can grow on medium free of bound nitrogen, possesses the nifH gene and fixes atmospheric nitrogen at low oxygen pressure. It grows at neutral pH and at temperatures between 10 and 30 °C. Phylogenetically, it is most closely related to the genus Methylobacter, with the type strains of Methylobacter tundripaludum and Methylobacter psychrophilus showing 94 and 93.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. Furthermore, the pmoA gene sequence of strain LC 2T is most closely related to pmoA gene sequences of Methylobacter strains (92 % similar to Methylobacter sp. LW 12 by deduced amino acid sequence identity). The DNA G+C content is 49.9 mol% and the major cellular fatty acid is 16 : 1ω7c (60 %). Strain LC 2T (=JCM 14076T=DSM 18750T) is described as the type strain of a novel species within a new genus, Methylosoma difficile gen. nov., sp. nov.
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Description of Labrenzia alexandrii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel alphaproteobacterium containing bacteriochlorophyll a, and a proposal for reclassification of Stappia aggregata as Labrenzia aggregata comb. nov., of Stappia marina as Labrenzia marina comb. nov. and of Stappia alba as Labrenzia alba comb. nov., and emended descriptions of the genera Pannonibacter, Stappia and Roseibium, and of the species Roseibium denhamense and Roseibium hamelinense
A slightly pink-coloured strain, strain DFL-11T, was isolated from single cells of the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium lusitanicum and was found to contain the genes encoding two proteins of the photosynthetic reaction centre, pufL and pufM. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the novel strain belonged to the α-2 subgroup of the Proteobacteria and was most closely related to Stappia aggregata (97.7 % similarity), Stappia alba (98.0 %) and Stappia marina (98.0 %). Dark-grown cells of strain DFL-11T contained small amounts of bacteriochlorophyll a (bchl a) and a carotenoid. Cells of strain DFL-11T were rods, 0.5–0.7×0.9–3.0 μm in size and motile by means of a single, subpolarly inserted flagellum. The novel strain was strictly aerobic and utilized a wide range of organic carbon sources, including fatty acids, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and sugars. Biotin and thiamine were required as growth factors. Growth was obtained at sea salt concentrations of between 1 and 10 % (w/v), at a pH between 6 and 9.2 and at a temperature of up to 33 °C (optimum, 26 °C). Nitrate was not reduced and indole was not produced from tryptophan. Strain DFL11T was resistant to potassium tellurite and transformed it to elemental tellurium. The major respiratory lipoquinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q10). The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminolipid and the glycolipid sulphoquinovosyldiacylglyceride. The fatty acids comprised 16 : 1ω7c, 16 : 0, 18 : 1ω7c, 18 : 0, 11-methyl 18 : 1ω6t, 11-methyl 20 : 1ω6t, 20 : 1ω7c, 22 : 0, 22 : 1 and the hydroxy fatty acids 3-OH 14 : 0, 3-OH 16 : 0 (ester-linked), 3-OH 18 : 0, 3-OH 20 : 1 and 3-OH 20 : 0, all of which are amide-linked. The DNA G+C value was 56 mol%. Comparative analysis of α-2 subgroup 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the type species of the genus Stappia, Stappia stellulata, is only distantly related to S. aggregata (95.3 % sequence similarity). Based on the combination of the 16S rRNA gene sequence data, a detailed chemotaxonomic study and the biochemical and physiological properties of members of the genera Stappia, Pannonibacter and Roseibium, it is proposed that S. aggregata, S. alba, S. marina are transferred to a new genus, Labrenzia gen. nov., as Labrenzia aggregata comb. nov., Labrenzia alba comb. nov. and Labrenzia marina comb. nov. The type species of the new genus is Labrenzia alexandrii sp. nov., with strain DFL-11T (=DSM 17067T=NCIMB 14079T) as the type strain. The pufLM genes of the photosynthesis reaction centre were shown to be present in some, but not all, species of the new genus Labrenzia and they were identified for the first time in S. stellulata. In accordance with the new data collected in this study, emended descriptions are provided for the genera Pannonibacter, Roseibium and Stappia.
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Gulbenkiania mobilis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from treated municipal wastewater
More LessA bacterial strain (E4FC31T) isolated from treated municipal wastewater was characterized phenotypically and phylogenetically. Cells were Gram-negative, curved rods with a polar flagellum. The isolate was catalase-, oxidase- and arginine dihydrolase-positive, and able to grow between 15 and 45 °C and between pH 5.5 and 9.0. The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 1/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and C16 : 0, the major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 8 and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain E4FC31T belonged to the class Betaproteobacteria and was a member of the family Neisseriaceae. Its closest phylogenetic neighbours were Aquitalea magnusonii and Chromobacterium violaceum (<94 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic characteristics of strain E4FC31T suggest that it represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Gulbenkiania mobilis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Gulbenkiania mobilis is E4FC31T (=DSM 18507T=LMG 23770T).
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Hydrogenophaga caeni sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge
More LessA Gram-negative bacterium, designated strain EMB71T, was isolated from activated sludge used for enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor. The cells of the isolate were facultatively aerobic, motile rods with single polar flagella. Growth was observed to occur at 15–35 °C (optimally at 30 °C) and at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimally at pH 7.0–8.0). The predominant fatty acids of strain EMB71T were C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), and the polar lipids comprised a large amount of phosphatidylethanolamine and a small amount of diphosphatidylglycerol. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.6 mol % and the major quinone was Q-8. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that strain EMB71T formed a phyletic lineage with the genus Hydrogenophaga within the family Comamonadaceae. The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with respect to the type strains of Hydrogenophaga species ranged from 95.1 to 96.9 %. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular data, strain EMB71T represents a novel species of the genus Hydrogenophaga, for which the name Hydrogenophaga caeni sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EMB71T (=KCTC 12613T=DSM 17962T).
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Lysobacter defluvii sp. nov., isolated from municipal solid waste
A bacterial isolate obtained from soil from a municipal landfill site in India was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The colonies of the isolate were found to be yellow and highly mucoid. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that this isolate constitutes a distinct phyletic line within the genus Lysobacter, displaying >3 % sequence divergence with respect to recognized Lysobacter species. The generic assignment was confirmed by chemotaxonomic data, which revealed the presence of a fatty acid profile characteristic of members of the genus Lysobacter and consisting of saturated, unsaturated, straight-chain and branched-chain fatty acids as well as iso-C11 : 0 3-OH as hydroxylated fatty acid, and the presence of an ubiquinone with eight isoprene units (Q-8) as the predominant respiratory quinone. The genotypic and phenotypic data show that strain IMMIB APB-9T merits classification as representing a novel species of the genus Lysobacter, for which the name Lysobacter defluvii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IMMIB APB-9T (=CCUG 53152T=DSM 18482T).
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Aquisalimonas asiatica gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an alkaline, saline lake in Inner Mongolia, China
More LessTwo novel moderately halophilic, Gram-negative rods (strains CG12T and CG13) were isolated from Lake Chagannor in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. They were strictly aerobic and motile. They grew at pH 6.0–10.8 (optimally at pH 7.5–8.5), at 20–50 °C (optimally at 37 °C) and at salinities of 1–20 % (w/v) total salts (optimally at 7–10 %, w/v). Phylogenetic analysis of the two strains, based on a comparison of their 16S rRNA genes, led to their classification within the class Gammaproteobacteria, the closest recognized type strain being Alkalispirillum mobile DSM 12769T, with which they were found to share 94.4–94.6 % sequence similarity. On the basis of DNA–DNA hybridization data (showing 100 and 99 % relatedness for each other), the two isolates were found to be members of the same species. The DNA G+C contents of strains CG12T and CG13 were found to be 63.6 and 64.0 mol%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of strain CG12T, selected as the representative strain, were C18 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 and C12 : 0, and its polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, a phosphoglycolipid and six unidentified phospholipids. On the basis of the polyphasic evidence from this study, strains CG12T and CG13 represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Aquisalimonas asiatica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Aquisalimonas asiatica is CG12T (=CCM 7368T=CECT 7151T=CGMCC 1.6291T=DSM 18102T).
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- Eukaryotic Micro-Organisms
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Blastobotrys americana sp. nov., Blastobotrys illinoisensis sp. nov., Blastobotrys malaysiensis sp. nov., Blastobotrys muscicola sp. nov., Blastobotrys peoriensis sp. nov. and Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans sp. nov., novel anamorphic yeast species
More LessThe genus Blastobotrys, which now includes species previously assigned to the synonymous genera Arxula and Sympodiomyces, represents the anamorph of the ascosporogenous genus Trichomonascus. Six novel species are proposed for assignment to Blastobotrys. They were detected from their unique nucleotide sequences in large-subunit rDNA, ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 rDNA, mitochondrial small-subunit rDNA and the cytochrome oxidase II gene. The proposed novel species are Blastobotrys americana sp. nov. (type strain NRRL Y-6844T=CBS 10337T; substrate unknown; Kansas, USA), Blastobotrys illinoisensis sp. nov. (type strain NRRL YB-1343T=CBS 10339T; from forest debris; Illinois, USA), Blastobotrys malaysiensis sp. nov. (type strain NRRL Y-6417T=CBS 10336T; from soil; Malaysia), Blastobotrys muscicola sp. nov. (type strain NRRL Y-7993T=CBS 10338T; from moss; Louisiana, USA), Blastobotrys peoriensis sp. nov. (type strain NRRL YB-2290T=CBS 10340T; from a fungus; Peoria, IL, USA) and Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans sp. nov. (type strain NRRL Y-27150T=CBS 6800T; substrate unknown).
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- Other Gram-Positive Bacteria
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Virgibacillus olivae sp. nov., isolated from waste wash-water from processing of Spanish-style green olives
Four bacterial strains (E308T, E5549, I3077 and N30129) were isolated from the residual wash-water produced during the processing of Spanish-style green table olives. The isolates were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study using phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic methods. The bacteria were Gram-positive, spore-forming rods. Moreover, they were heterotrophs that were able to utilize cellobiose, glucose, mannose and rhamnose as carbon sources. The G+C content of their genomic DNA ranged from 30.7 to 33.4 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids found in strain E308T were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. DNA–DNA hybridization shows 76.2–88.3 % relatedness among the four strains. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of isolate E308T shows that it belongs to the genus Virgibacillus, with the highest sequence similarity (99 %) to Virgibacillus marismortui 123T. However, phenotypic differences and DNA–DNA relatedness between strain E308T and V. marismortui ATCC 700626T of less than 47 % suggest the placement of these strains within a novel species of the genus Virgibacillus. The name Virgibacillus olivae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain E308T (=LMG 23503T=DSM 18098T) as the type strain.
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Bacillus decisifrondis sp. nov., isolated from soil underlying decaying leaf foliage
More LessAn aerobic bacterium, designated strain E5HC-32T, was isolated from soil underlying the decaying leaf litter of a slash pine forest located in south east Queensland, Australia. The strictly aerobic, motile rod-shaped cells (0.8–1.6×2.6–4.8 μm) produced subterminal spherical spores which distended the cells. Strain E5HC-32T grew optimally in 1 % trypticase soy broth (TSB) at 30 °C (temperature range for growth, 25–40 °C) and a pH of 8.4 (pH growth range, pH 7.1–9.1). Electron microscopic examination of negatively stained cells revealed the presence of peritrichous flagella and thin sections showed the presence of a typical Gram-positive type cell-wall ultrastructure. The strain was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative and metabolized pyruvic acid methyl ester, d-galactonic acid lactone, α-ketobutyric acid, α-ketovaleric acid, l-proline, l-alanine, urocanic acid, inosine, uridine, thymidine, glycerol, α-cyclodextrin, α-d-lactose, d-psicose, d-raffinose, l-rhamnose, d-sorbitol, turanose, cis-aconitic acid, α-hydroxybutyric acid, l-alaninamide and 2-aminoethanol. The G+C content of DNA was 41±1 mol% as determined by the thermal denaturation method. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain E5HC-32T was placed equidistantly as a member of the class Bacilli, phylum Firmicutes, with Bacillus sphaericus DSM 28T and Bacillus odysseyi ATCC PTA-4993T (similarity of 93 %). In addition to its significant phylogenetic separation from its nearest relatives, strain E5HC-32T possessed phenotypic traits that also suggested that it represented a novel species, for which the name Bacillus decisifrondis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is E5HC-32T (=JCM 13601T=DSM 17725T).
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Bacillus selenatarsenatis sp. nov., a selenate- and arsenate-reducing bacterium isolated from the effluent drain of a glass-manufacturing plant
A facultatively anaerobic, selenate- and arsenate-reducing bacterium, designated strain SF-1T, was isolated from a selenium-contaminated sediment obtained from an effluent drain of a glass-manufacturing plant in Japan. The bacterium stained Gram-positive and was a motile, spore-forming rod capable of respiring with selenate, arsenate and nitrate as terminal electron acceptors. The major cellular fatty acids of the strain were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1 ω10c and C16 : 1 ω7c alcohol. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.8 mol%. Though the nearest phylogenetic neighbour was Bacillus jeotgali JCM 10885T, with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99.6 %, DNA–DNA hybridization studies showed only 14 % relatedness between these strains, a level that is clearly below the value recommended to delimit different species. This, together with the phenotypic differences (utilization of electron acceptors, NaCl tolerance), suggests that strain SF-1T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus selenatarsenatis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SF-1T (=JCM 14380T=DSM 18680T).
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Halalkalibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic and alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a non-saline soil sample in Japan
More LessA moderately halophilic and alkaliphilic bacterium, designated strain BH2T, was isolated from non-saline garden soil in Saitama, Japan. Cells of strain BH2T were motile, aerobic, rod-shaped and Gram-positive and contained A1γ, meso-diaminopimelic acid-type murein. Growth occurred in 5.0–25 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 10–15 %, w/v), at pH 5.5–10.0 (optimum, pH 8.5–9.0) and at 20–40 °C. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7. The major cellular fatty acids were ai-C15 : 0, i-C16 : 0, ai-C17 : 0 and i-C15 : 0. The G+C content of the total DNA of strain BH2T was 35.1±0.4 mol% (±sd; n=5). The phylogenetic distance from species with validly published names was less than 94.1 %. The phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics indicated that strain BH2T represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Halalkalibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BH2T (=JCM 14192T=DSM 18494T).
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Desulfurispora thermophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, spore-forming sulfate-reducer isolated from a sulfidogenic fluidized-bed reactor
More LessA thermophilic, Gram-positive, endospore-forming, sulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated from a sulfidogenic fluidized-bed reactor treating acidic metal- and sulfate-containing water. The strain, designated RA50E1T, was rod-shaped and motile. The strain grew at 40–67 °C (optimum growth at 59–61 °C) and pH 6.4–7.9 (optimum growth at pH 7.0–7.3). The strain tolerated up to 1 % NaCl. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur were used as electron acceptors, but not nitrate, nitrite or iron(III). Electron donors utilized were H2/CO2 (80 : 20, v/v), alcohols, various carboxylic acids and some sugars. Fermentative growth occurred on lactate and pyruvate. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone MK-7. Major whole-cell fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. Strain RA50E1T was distantly related to representatives of the genera Desulfotomaculum, Pelotomaculum, Sporotomaculum and Cryptanaerobacter. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence data, the strain cannot be assigned to any known genus. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic features of strain RA50E1T, it is proposed that the strain represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Desulfurispora thermophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Desulfurispora thermophila is RA50E1T (=DSM 16022T=JCM 14018T).
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Proposal of Lysinibacillus boronitolerans gen. nov. sp. nov., and transfer of Bacillus fusiformis to Lysinibacillus fusiformis comb. nov. and Bacillus sphaericus to Lysinibacillus sphaericus comb. nov.
More LessThree strains of a spore-forming, Gram-positive, motile, rod-shaped and boron-tolerant bacterium were isolated from soil. The strains, designated 10aT, 11c and 12B, can tolerate 5 % (w/v) NaCl and up to 150 mM boron, but optimal growth was observed without addition of boron or NaCl in Luria–Bertani agar medium. The optimum temperature for growth was 37 °C (range 16–45 °C) and the optimum pH was 7.0–8.0 (range pH 5.5–9.5). A comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that the isolated strains were closely related to Bacillus fusiformis DSM 2898T (97.2 % similarity) and Bacillus sphaericus DSM 28T (96.9 %). DNA–DNA relatedness was greater than 97 % among the isolated strains and 61.1 % with B. fusiformis DSM 2898T and 43.2 % with B. sphaericus IAM 13420T. The phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses and DNA–DNA relatedness indicated that the three strains belong to the same species, that was characterized by a DNA G+C content of 36.5–37.9 mol%, MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone system and iso-C15 : 0 (32 % of the total) as a major cellular fatty acid. In contrast to the type species of the genus Bacillus, the strains contained peptidoglycan with lysine, aspartic acid, alanine and glutamic acid. Based on the distinctive peptidoglycan composition, phylogenetic analyses and physiology, the strains are assigned to a novel species within a new genus, for which the name Lysinibacillus boronitolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Lysinibacillus boronitolerans is strain 10aT (=DSM 17140T=IAM 15262T=ATCC BAA-1146T). It is also proposed that Bacillus fusiformis and Bacillus sphaericus be transferred to this genus as Lysinibacillus fusiformis comb. nov. and Lysinibacillus sphaericus comb. nov., respectively.
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Bacillus qingdaonensis sp. nov., a moderately haloalkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a crude sea-salt sample collected near Qingdao in eastern China
More LessA moderately haloalkaliphilic, Gram-positive bacterium, designated as strain CM1T, was isolated from a crude sea-salt sample collected near Qingdao in eastern China. Strain CM1T was found to grow optimally at 37 °C and pH 9.0. It was shown to be aerobic, rod-shaped and capable of growth at salinities of 2.5–20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 12 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was about 48 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 and the major isoprenoid quinones were MK-7(H2) and MK-6(H2). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that CM1T is a member of the genus Bacillus and has less than 95.2 % gene sequence similarity to the most closely related strain, Bacillus salarius BH169T. Its DNA–DNA reassociation value with respect to B. salarius BH169T was 35.4 %. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular properties, strain CM1T represents a novel Bacillus species, for which the name Bacillus qingdaonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CM1T (=CGMCC 1.6134T=JCM 14087T).
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- International Committee On Systematics Of Prokaryotes
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- Minutes
- Request For An Opinion
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The status of the species Leifsonia rubra Reddy et al. 2003. Request for an Opinion
More LessOn the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it is ascertained that the type strain of Leifsonia rubra does not exist in any established culture collection or with the authors who described this species. Therefore, it cannot be included in any scientific study. It is proposed that the Judicial Commission place the name Leifsonia rubra on the list of rejected names if a suitable type strain is not found or a neotype is not proposed within two years following the publication of this Request for an Opinion.
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
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Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
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Volume 70 (2020)
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Volume 69 (2019)
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Volume 68 (2018)
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Volume 67 (2017)
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Volume 66 (2016)
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Volume 65 (2015)
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Volume 64 (2014)
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Volume 63 (2013)
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Volume 62 (2012)
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Volume 61 (2011)
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Volume 60 (2010)
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Volume 57 (2007)
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Volume 56 (2006)
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Volume 55 (2005)
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Volume 36 (1986)
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Volume 35 (1985)
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Volume 34 (1984)
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Volume 31 (1981)
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Volume 29 (1979)
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Volume 28 (1978)
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Volume 27 (1977)
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Volume 26 (1976)
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Volume 25 (1975)
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Volume 24 (1974)
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Volume 23 (1973)
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Volume 22 (1972)
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Volume 21 (1971)
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Volume 19 (1969)
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Volume 18 (1968)
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Volume 16 (1966)
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Volume 14 (1964)
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Volume 6 (1956)
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Volume 5 (1955)
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Volume 4 (1954)
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Volume 3 (1953)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)