- Volume 65, Issue Pt_5, 2015

A yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium designated strain HLJ-RS18T, which could degrade fluorene, was isolated from rice seeds collected from Heilongjiang Province, China. Similarities of full-length of 16S rRNA gene sequences between strain HJL-RS18T and the type strains of the genus Novosphingobium with validly published names ranged from 93.8 to 97.1 %. Phylogenetic analysis with maximum-likelihood and neighbour-joining methods revealed that strain HLJ-RS18T belonged to genus Novosphingobium and strain HLJ-RS18T formed a distinct clade to Novosphingobium chloroacetimidivorans BUT-14T (96.9 % similarity based on 16S rRNA gene). DNA–DNA hybridization of HLJ-RS18T and BUT-14T showed a low relatedness value of 22.4±0.9 %, which indicated that strain HLJ-RS18T represents a novel species of the genus Novosphingobium . The genomic DNA G+C content of strain HLJ-RS18T was 62 mol%. Ubiquinone Q-10 was the major respiratory quinone. Spermidine was the predominant polyamine. Polar lipids consisted mainly of aminophospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipid and sphingoglycolipid. The predominant fatty acid composition of HLJ-RS18T were summed 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c, 61.5 %), C16 : 0 (14.2 %), summed 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c, 13.5 %) and C14 : 0 2-OH (6.8 %). Phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, chemotaxonomic data and phenotypic characteristics support the conclusion that HLJ-RS18T represents a novel species within the genus Novosphingobium . Therefore, we propose the species Novosphingobium fluoreni sp. nov. with HLJ-RS18T ( = DSM 27568T = ACCC19180T) as the type strain.

A novel marine bacterium, designated strain 4k5T, was isolated from a sediment sample of the Pacific Ocean. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, oxidase-positive and catalase-positive and required Na+ for growth. Its major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8), and its cellular fatty acid profile consisted mainly of C18 : 1v9c (71.4 %), C16 : 1v7c (9.1 %) and C18 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 45.3 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis suggested that strain 4k5T is a member of the genus Psychrobacter . Strain 4k5T exhibited the closely phylogenetic affinity to Psychrobacter pacificensis IFO 16270T (99.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), P. piscatorii T-3-2T (97.7 %), P. nivimaris 88/2-7T (97.7 %), P. celer SW-238T (97.7 %), P. aestuarii SC35T (97.6 %) and P. vallis CMS39T (97.6 %). DNA–DNA hybridization between strain 4k5T and P. pacificensis NBRC 103191T, P. piscatorii JCM 15603T. P. nivimaris DSM 16093T, P. celer JCM 12601T, P. aestuarii JCM 16343T and P. vallis DSM 15337T was 42.5, 47.0, 38.1, 23.7, 9.0 and 27.4 %, respectively. Owing to the significant differences in phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and DNA–DNA relatedness data, the isolate merits classification within a novel species, for which the name Psychrobacter oceani sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 4k5T ( = JCM 30235T = NCIMB 14948T).

The Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strain designated RU-1-R-18T was isolated from intertidal sediment on Sakhalin Island in Russia. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain RU-1-R-18T was related to the genus Puniceibacterium and shared highest sequence similarities with the type strain Puniceibacterium antarcticum KACC 16875T (97.9 %). The predominant cellular fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c. The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified aminophospholipid and seven unidentified polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain RU-1-R-18T was 59.1 mol%. Combined data from phenotypic, phylogenetic and DNA–DNA relatedness studies demonstrated that strain RU-1-R-18T represents a novel species of the genus Puniceibacterium , for which the name Puniceibacterium sediminis sp. nov. is proposed (type strain RU-1-R-18T = LMG 28384T = DSM 29052T).

Strains originating from various sources and classified as members of the genus Citrobacter within the family Enterobacteriaceae were characterized by sequencing internal portions of genes rpoB, fusA, pyrG and leuS, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, average nucleotide identity (ANI) of genomic sequences and biochemical tests. Phylogenetic analysis based on the four housekeeping genes showed that the 11 species of the genus Citrobacter with validly published names are well demarcated. Strains CIP 55.13T and CIP 55.9 formed a distinct branch associated with Citrobacter youngae . The ANI between CIP 55.9 and CIP 55.13T was 99.19 %, whereas it was 94.75 % between CIP 55.13T and strain CIP 105016T of the species C. youngae , the most closely related species. Biochemical characteristics consolidated the fact that the two isolates represent a separate species, for which the name Citrobacter pasteurii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CIP 55.13T ( = DSM 28879T = Na 1aT).

A novel bacterial strain, designated DCY94T, was isolated from forest soil cultivated with ginseng in Vietnam. The strain was Gram-reaction-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and catalase- and oxidase-positive. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that strain DCY94T was closely related to Paracoccus sphaerophysae Zy-3T (97.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Paracoccus caeni MJ17T (96.9 %). The fatty acid profile of strain DCY94T contained a predominant amount of summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c; 88.4 %) and moderate to small quantities of C8 : 0 3-OH (1.0 %), C10 : 0 3-OH (2.8 %) and C18 : 0 (5.2 %). Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and one unidentified glycolipid were major polar lipids; one unidentified aminolipid, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified phospholipid and four unidentified polar lipids were minor components. The polyamine pattern comprised the major compounds putrescine and spermidine and minor amounts of sym-homospermidine and spermine. The ubiquinone of the strain was Q-10 and the G+C content of its genomic DNA was 68.3 mol%. All these results support the placement of strain DCY94T within the genus Paracoccus . Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain DCY94T and P. sphaerophysae HAMBI 3106T and P. caeni KCTC 22480T were 52 and 50 %, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic tests, chemotaxonomic characterization and DNA–DNA relatedness studies distinguished strain DCY94T from the closest recognized species of the genus Paracoccus , suggesting that this strain represents a novel species, for which the name Paracoccus panacisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DCY94T ( = KCTC 42086T = JCM 30337T).

A novel exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium, designated strain 9a2T, was isolated from Pacific Ocean sediment. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, motile, strictly aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive, and required NaCl for growth. Its major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8), and its cellular fatty acid profile consisted mainly of C16 : 1ω7c, C18 : 1ω9c and C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 46.6 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis suggested that strain 9a2T is a member of the genus Alteromonas . Strain 9a2T exhibited closest phylogenetic affinity to Alteromonas macleodii NBRC 102226T (99.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), A. marina SW-47T (99.3 %), A. litorea TF-22T (99.0 %), A. australica H17T (98.7 %), A. simiduii BCRC 17572T (98.5 %), A. stellipolaris LMG 21861T (98.3 %) and A. hispanica F-32T (98.2 %). The DNA–DNA reassociation values between strain 9a2T and A. macleodii JCM 20772T, A. marina JCM 11804T, A. litorea JCM 12188T, A. australica CIP 109921T, A. simiduii JCM 13896T, A. stellipolaris LMG 21861T and A. hispanica LMG 22958T were below 70 %. Strain 9a2T contained phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid. Owing to differences in phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and DNA–DNA relatedness data, the isolate merits classification as representing a novel species, for which the name Alteromonas gracilis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of this species is 9a2T ( = JCM 30236T = NCIMB 14947T).

A sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, strain TTNT, was isolated from a Thioploca sample obtained from a freshwater lake in Japan. The isolate shared 97.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with an obligately aerobic chemolithoautotroph, ‘Thiobacillus plumbophilus’ Gro7T. Cells were rods, motile, and Gram-stain-negative. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was approximately 66 mol%. Strain TTNT grew over a temperature range of 8–32 °C (optimum 22–25 °C), an NaCl concentration range of 0–133.3 mM (optimum 0–3.3 mM) and a pH range of 5.3–8.6 (optimum pH 6.4–7.0). Strain TTNT was facultatively anaerobic and could utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor. The isolate oxidized tetrathionate, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur as the sole energy sources for autotrophic growth, and could also grow heterotrophically on a number of organic substrates. Based on its phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, strain TTNT represents a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Sulfuriferula multivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TTNT ( = NBRC 110683T = DSM 29343T). Along with this, the reclassification of ‘Thiobacillus plumbophilus’ as Sulfuriferula plumbophilus sp. nov. (type strain Gro7T = NBRC 107929T = DSM 6690T) is proposed. Based on the data obtained in this study, we describe the designations Sulfuricellaceae fam. nov. and Sulfuricellales ord. nov.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated BS-W9T, was isolated from a tidal flat of the South Sea, South Korea. Strain BS-W9T grew optimally at 25–30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of approximately 2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, revealed that strain BS-W9T clustered with the type strain of Halocynthiibacter namhaensis , showing a highest sequence similarity of 97.3 %. It exhibited sequence similarity values of less than 95.6 % to the type strains of other species with validly published names. Strain BS-W9T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the predominant fatty acid. The major polar lipids of strain BS-W9T were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified lipid and one unidentified aminolipid. The fatty acid and polar lipid profiles of strain BS-W9T were distinguished from those of the type strains of H. namhaensis and other phylogenetically related genera. The DNA G+C content of strain BS-W9T was 53.2 mol% and its mean DNA–DNA relatedness value with H. namhaensis RA2-3T was 14 %. On the basis of the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and other phenotypic properties, strain BS-W9T is considered to represent a novel genus and species within the family Rhodobacteraceae , for which the name Pseudohalocyntiibacter aestuariivivens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Pseudohalocyntiibacter aestuariivivens is BS-W9T ( = KCTC 42348T = CECT 8726T).

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (ChimEc512T) was isolated from 56 host seedlings of the hyperaccumulating Anthyllis vulneraria legume, which was on an old zinc mining site at Les Avinières, Saint-Laurent-Le-Minier, Gard, South of France. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain ChimEc512T was shown to belong to the genus Rhizobium and to be most closely related to Rhizobium endophyticum CCGE 2052T (98.4 %), Rhizobium tibeticum CCBAU 85039T (98.1 %), Rhizobium grahamii CCGE 502T (98.0 %) and Rhizobium mesoamericanum CCGE 501T (98.0 %). The phylogenetic relationships of ChimEc512T were confirmed by sequencing and analyses of recA and atpD genes. DNA–DNA relatedness values of strain ChimEc512T with R. endophyticum CCGE 2052T, R. tibeticum CCBAU 85039T, R. mesoamericanum CCGE 52T, Rhizobium grahamii CCGE 502T, Rhizobium etli CCBAU 85039T and Rhizobium radiobacter KL09-16-8-2T were 27, 22, 16, 18, 19 and 11 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain ChimEc512T was 58.9 mol%. The major cellular fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c, characteristic of the genus Rhizobium . The polar lipid profile included phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine and moderate amounts of aminolipids, phospholipid and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol. Although ChimEc512T was able to nodulate A. vulneraria, the nodC and nifH genes were not detected by PCR. The rhizobial strain was tolerant to high concentrations of heavy metals: up to 35 mM Zn and up to 0.5 mM Cd and its growth kinetics was not impacted by Zn. The results of DNA–DNA hybridizations and physiological tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain ChimEc512T from species of the genus Rhizobium with validly published names. Strain ChimEc512T, therefore, represents a novel species, for which the name Rhizobium metallidurans sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain ChimEc512T ( = DSM 26575 = CIP 110550T).

A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-degrading and acylhomoserine-lactone-producing marine bacterium, designated strain PQ-2T, was isolated from marine biofilm collected from a boat shell at a harbour of Zhoushan island in Zhejiang Province, PR China. Strain PQ-2T is Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, non-motile and short rod-shaped. Optimal growth of strain PQ-2T was observed at 32 °C, at pH 7.0 and in 2 % (w/v) NaCl. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PQ-2T showed highest similarity to Croceicoccus marinus E4A9T (96.3 %) followed by Novosphingobium malaysiense MUSC 273T (95.6 %) and Altererythrobacter marinus H32T (95.6 %). Phylogenetic analysis with all species of the family Erythrobacteraceae with validly published names revealed that strain PQ-2T formed a phyletic line with Croceicoccus marinus E4A9T that was distinct from other members of the family Erythrobacteraceae . The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q-10). The predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C17 : 1ω6c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The genomic DNA G+C content was 61.7 mol%. In the polar lipid profile, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified phospholipid and one sphingoglycolipid were the major compounds; and another sphingoglycolipid was present in a minor amount. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic data, strain PQ-2T represents a novel species of the genus Croceicoccus , for which the name Croceicoccus naphthovorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PQ-2T ( = CGMCC 1.12805T = NBRC 110381T). In addition, emended descriptions for the genus Croceicoccus and the species C. marinus are given.

A Gram-stain-negative, Na+-requiring bacterial strain, designated B20-1T, was isolated from soil of the root system of mangrove forest. Cells were curved rods and motile by means of a polar flagellum. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain B20-1T belonged to the genus Marinomonas , sharing highest sequence similarities with Marinomonas rhizomae IVIA-Po-145T (97.6 %), Marinomonas dokdonensis DSW10-10T (97.0 %) and Marinomonas foliarum IVIA-Po-155T (96.9 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain B20-1T were C10 : 0 3-OH, C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) and C16 : 0. Phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol were identified as the predominant phospholipids. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-8. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain B20-1T was 46.6 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA–DNA relatedness, a novel species, Marinomonas mangrovi sp. nov., is proposed with B20-1T ( = DSM 28136T = LMG 28077T) as the type strain.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, gliding, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive bacterium, designated FA350T, was isolated from coastal sediment from Xiaoshi Island, Weihai, China. Strain FA350T showed growth on modified nutrient agar supplemented with 0.1 % d-(+)-trehalose and with distilled water replaced by seawater. Optimal growth occurred at 33 °C and pH 8.5 with 4 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain FA350T belongs to a novel bacterial order in the class Deltaproteobacteria , and the most closely related type strains belong to the order Desulfuromonadales , with 85.1–85.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The polar lipid profile of the novel strain consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and two unknown phospholipids. Major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω10c and menaquinone MK-7 was the sole respiratory quinone. The DNA G+C content of strain FA350T was 60.3 mol%. The isolate and closely related environmental clones formed a novel order-level clade in the class Deltaproteobacteria . Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and characterization indicated that strain FA350T may represent a novel order of the Deltaproteobacteria . Here, we propose the name Bradymonas sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov. to accommodate strain FA350T. The type strain of Bradymonas sediminis is FA350T ( = DSM 28820T = CICC 10904T); Bradymonadales ord. nov. and Bradymonadaceae fam. nov. are also proposed to accommodate the novel taxon.

A Gram-stain-negative heterotrophic bacterium, designated GSD6T, capable of growth on aliphatic hydrocarbons as a sole carbon and energy source, was isolated from sea-tidal flat sediment of the Yellow Sea, South Korea. Cells were facultatively aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Growth of strain GSD6T was observed at 4–37 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum pH 6.5–7.5) and in the presence of 1–9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2 %). Strain GSD6T contained ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) as the sole isoprenoid quinone and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c, C17 : 0 10-methyl and C17 : 1ω8c as the major fatty acids. Phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol were identified as the major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 44.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GSD6T formed a phylogenetic lineage with members of the genus Aliiglaciecola . Strain GSD6T was most closely related to Aliiglaciecola lipolytica E3T with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.4 %, but their DNA–DNA hybridization value was 39.1±7.1 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strain GSD6T represents a novel species of the genus Aliiglaciecola , for which the name Aliiglaciecola aliphaticivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GSD6T ( = KACC 18129T = JCM 30133T). An emended description of the genus Aliiglaciecola is also proposed.

A novel psychrophilic strain, SSB001T, was isolated from an alpine swamp meadow soil in Tibet, China, and identified as a representative of a novel phylogenetic subclade in the genus Paenibacillus , with Paenibacillus antarcticus (96.2 %), Paenibacillus macquariensis (96.53 %) and Paenibacillus glacialis (96.2 %) as the most closely related species on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. The strain was distinguished from defined species of the genus Paenibacillus by further study of rpoB gene sequences, phenotypic characterization, cellular fatty acid composition, quinones, polar lipids and meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan. Based upon these results, we propose the strain as a representative of a novel species named Paenibacillus tibetensis sp. nov., with SSB001T ( = ACCC 19728T = DSM 29321T) as the type strain. The DNA G+C content (mol%) of strain SSB001T was 40.18 mol% (HPLC).

A novel Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, yellow bacterium designated strain KD53T, was isolated from a culture of the alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum from Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison showed that strain KD53T was a member of the Roseobacter clade within the family Rhodobacteraceae , forming a distinct lineage with species of the genus Mameliella . The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain KD53T and other strains examined were all less than 97.0 %. Strain KD53T was found to grow optimally at 28 °C, at pH 7.5–8.0 and in the presence of 3 % (w/v) NaCl. The dominant fatty acids of strain KD53T were C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c, C18 : 0 and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content was 65 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q-10). On the basis of phenotypic data and phylogenetic inference, strain KD53T represents a novel member of the genus Mameliella , then the name Mameliella phaeodactyli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KD53T ( = MCCC 1K00273T = KCTC 42178T).

Two Gram-stain-negative, non-endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria, strains CC-MHSW-5T and A1392, were isolated from water of coastal hot springs located in Taiwan and China, respectively, and investigated for their taxonomic position. The two strains shared identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, a DNA-DNA hybridization value >80 % and similar genomic DNA G+C contents (64.3 and 64.6 mol%), but showed different genomic fingerprint patterns generated by BOX-PCR and three random amplification polymorphic DNA PCRs. The strains shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with the type strains of Chelativorans multitrophicus (96.7 and 96.1 %), Thermovum composti (96.2 and 96.1 %) and Chelativorans oligotrophicus (96.1 and 95.8 %). Phylogenetic trees (based on 16S rRNA and recA gene sequence comparisons) showed a distinct clustering of both strains with the type strains of species of the genus Chelativorans and T. composti Nis3T. The quinone systems of strains CC-MHSW-5T and Nis3T contained ubiquinone Q-10 as the major component. The major polyamine in both strains was sym-homospermidine. Putrescine, spermidine and, for strain CC-MHSW-5T, spermine were found in minor concentrations. Their polar lipid profiles consisted of phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and diphosphatidylglycerol. The fatty acid profile contained major amounts of C18 : 1ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. On the basis of these results, the two strains are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Chelativorans , for which the name Chelativorans intermedius sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-MHSW-5T ( = CCM 8543T = LMG 28482T = DSM 29391T = CIP 110825T). Based on both genotypic and phenotypic characters, it is proposed that T. composti be reclassified within the genus Chelativorans as Chelativorans composti comb. nov.

Yellow or orange-to-brown pigmented, ovoid or rod-shaped, Gram-negative staining, aerobic strains PE 4-5T and N5-10 m-1 were isolated from brackish water in Lake Peng Co and fresh to brackish water in Lake Namtso on the Tibetan Plateau, China. Bacteriochlorophyll a was produced by the isolates. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1, C17 : 1 and C18 : 1 unsaturated fatty acids, C17 : 1ω6c (55.3 %), C17 : 1ω8c (13.0 %) and C18 : 1ω7c (10.4 %) for PE 4-5T and C18 : 1ω7c (54.7 %) and C16 : 1ω7c (18.0 %) for N5-10 m-1. The polar lipid profiles of strains PE 4-5T and N5-10 m-1 were composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine (not detected in N5-10 m-1), phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, sphingoglycolipid and an unknown phospholipid. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q10 and the DNA G+C content was 66.0 mol% for both strains. The16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PE 4-5T shared 99.0 % similarity with that of N5-10 m-1, and 97.56 % similarity with those of Blastomonas natatoria LMG 17322T and Blastomonas ursincola DSM 9006T, respectively. The DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness between strains PE 4-5T and N5-10 m-1 was 79.0±1.0 %, but below 70 % with the type strains in the genus Blastomonas . Based on the variability of phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, the isolates should be classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus Blastomonas ; the name Blastomonas aquatica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PE 4-5T ( = JCM 30179T = CGMCC 1.12851T).

A yellow-pigmented strain, designated strain 3.5XT, was isolated from oil-contaminated saline soil in Gudao, Shandong Province, China, and was characterized taxonomically. The results showed that the isolate was a Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped cell with a polar flagellum. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the strain belonged to the family Xanthomonadaceae in the class Gammaproteobacteria and represented an independent taxon separated from other genera. The closest relative of strain 3.5XT was Fulvimonas soli DSM 14263T (94 % similarity). The genomic DNA G+C content was 67 mol% by thermal denaturation and 66.3 mol% from genome sequences. The cells mainly consisted of branched fatty acids, with iso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 010-methyl and iso-C11 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The main polar lipids were phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. In addition, ubiquinone Q-8 was the major component of the quinone system and the polyamine pattern contained the major compound spermidine plus minor amounts of putrescine and spermine. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, it is proposed that the isolate represents a novel species in a novel genus, namely Oleiagrimonas soli gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is 3.5XT ( = NBRC 110685T = KCTC 42351T = CPCC 100614T).

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-flagellated and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, W-BA2T, was isolated from a brown algae reservoir in Wando of South Korea. Strain W-BA2T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of approximately 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain W-BA2T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of species of the genus Sulfitobacter , clustering coherently with the type strains of Sulfitobacter donghicola and Sulfitobacter guttiformis showing sequence similarity values of 98.0–98.1 %. Sequence similarities to the type strains of the other species of the genus Sulfitobacter were 96.0–97.4 %. Strain W-BA2T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids of strain W-BA2T were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain W-BA2T was 55.0 mol% and its DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains of Sulfitobacter donghicola , Sulfitobacter guttiformis and Sulfitobacter mediterraneus were 16–23 %. The differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain W-BA2T is separated from other species of the genus Sulfitobacter . On the basis of the data presented, strain W-BA2T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sulfitobacter , for which the name Sulfitobacter undariae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is W-BA2T ( = KCTC 42200T = NBRC 110523T).