- Volume 75, Issue 9, 1994
Volume 75, Issue 9, 1994
- Plant
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Coat protein of cucumber necrosis virus is not required for efficient generation or accumulation of defective interfering RNAs
More LessIt is generally assumed that defective interfering (DI) forms of viruses are encapsidated in structural proteins encoded by the helper virus. Virion RNA extracts from cucumber necrosis virus (CNV) infections showing high levels of cellular DI RNAs contain barely detectable levels of DI RNAs, suggesting that DI RNAs are encapsidated very inefficiently. In addition, accumulation of CNV DI RNAs occurs at equal efficiency in coinoculated plants using either synthetic wild-type CNV genomic RNA as helper or a mutant of CNV which lacks the coat protein-coding sequence. Together this shows that the CNV coat protein is not required for efficient accumulation of CNV DI RNA in plants. Factors that could account for the high level of CNV DI RNAs in plants are discussed.
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Synthesis of infectious transcripts of blueberry scorch carlavirus in vitro
More LessBlueberry scorch carlavirus (BBScV) is a filamentous virus with a polyadenylated, positive-sense RNA genome. A near full-length cDNA clone of BBScV was constructed by assembly of clones from a cDNA library. To generate a full-length cDNA clone, the 5′ terminus was mutagenized by PCR to introduce nucleotides present in the wild-type virus and not in the near full- length clone, and then fused directly to the T7 bacteriophage RNA polymerase promoter at the 5′ terminus. Capped and uncapped BBScV transcripts were synthesized in vitro from the full-length cDNA clone. Capped transcripts were infectious, producing systemic symptoms identical to those caused by the wild-type virus following inoculation onto Chenopodium quinoa leaves. Uncapped transcripts were substantially less infectious than capped transcripts. This represents the first report of infectious transcripts for a member of the carlavirus group.
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Nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of bamboo mosaic potexvirus
More LessThe complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) was determined by sequencing a set of overlapping cDNA clones and by direct sequencing of the viral RNA. The RNA genome of BaMV is 6366 nucleotides long [excluding 3′ poly(A) tail] and contains six open reading frames (ORFs 1 to 6) coding for polypeptides with M r values of 155K, 28K, 13K, 6K, 25K and 14K, respectively. The genome organization and sizes of the encoded proteins are very similar to those of other potexviruses which have been sequenced except that ORF 6 lies completely within ORF 1. The first five putative proteins of the BaMV genome show identities ranging between 44 to 59%, 26 to 49%, 30 to 53%, 15 to 35% and 20 to 30%, respectively, to the corresponding ORFs of other members of the potexvirus group. However the putative product ORF 6 shows no significant similarity to those of other potexvirus ORF products.
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Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of peanut stripe potyvirus
More LessA blotch isolate of peanut stripe virus (PStV) was cloned, sequenced and compared with other full-length potyvirus sequences. The viral genome was 10059 nucleotides (nt) in length excluding the poly(A) tail. Two potential AUG start codons were identified in the 5′non-translated region. Analysis of in vitro translation products from transcripts containing the first 600 nt of the PStV genome indicated that the first AUG (nt 134 to 136) was preferred over the second AUG (nt 146 to 148) for initiation of translation. Within the single large open reading frame, eight processed proteins were predicted. In general, motifs conserved in other potyviral sequences were also found in the PStV genome. The presence of a 6K protein between the P3 and Cl proteins was predicted. An altered amino acid motif, from FI(V)VRG to FMIIRG, within the carboxyl terminus of the PI protein, separates the PStV sequence from the majority of potyvirus sequences. Based on comparisons with available full-length potyvirus genome sequences, PStV was found to be most closely related to soybean mosaic virus.
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Sequence analysis and location of capsid proteins within RNA 2 of strawberry latent ringspot virus
More LessThe nucleotide sequence of the RNA 2 of a strawberry isolate (H) of strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) comprised 3824 nucleotides and contained one long open reading frame with a theoretical coding capacity of 890 amino acids equivalent to a protein of 98·8K. The N- terminal amino acid sequences of virion-derived proteins were determined by Edman degradation allowing the capsid coding regions to be located and serine/glycine cleavage sites to be identified within the polyprotein. The amino acid sequence in the capsid coding region of an isolate of SLRSV from flowering cherry in New Zealand was 97 % identical to that of SLRSV-H. Except in the 3′ and 5′ terminal non-coding sequences, computer-based alignment and comparison algorithms did not reveal any substantial homologies between RNA 2 of SLRSV-H and the equivalent genomic segments in the nepoviruses arabis mosaic, cherry leaf roll, grapevine fanleaf, raspberry ringspot, grapevine hungarian chrome mosaic, tomato blackring, tomato ringspot, tobacco ringspot, or in the comoviruses cowpea mosaic and red clover mottle. Despite the similarities in overall genome organization, data from RNA 2 remain insufficient for unambiguous positioning of SLRSV in relation to species/genera in the Comoviridae.
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- Fungal
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Double-stranded RNAs and proteins associated with the 34 nm virus particles of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus
More LessAgaricus bisporus fruit bodies affected by La France disease contain a specific set of nine dsRNA molecules. A method was developed to isolate intact virus particles containing these dsRNAs. Using precautions to limit proteolysis, virus particles 34 nm in diameter were banded in a Nycodenz gradient together with the nine disease-associated dsRNAs and three proteins of Mr 120K, 115K and 90K. Two of these viral proteins were easily cleaved by proteases present in the fruit bodies, without affecting the morphological appearance, migration in Nycodenz density gradients or dsRNA content of the virus.
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 105 (2024)
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Volume 2 (1968)
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Volume 1 (1967)