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Volume 168, Issue 12

Rapid divergence in independent aspects of the compatibility phenotype in a interaction Open Access

Abstract

Heritable symbionts represent important components of the biology, ecology and evolution of their arthropod hosts. Particular microbial taxa have become common across arthropods as a consequence of their ability to establish in new host species. For a host shift to occur, the symbiont must be exposed to a novel host and then be compatible: it must not cause excess pathology, must have good vertical transmission and must possess a drive phenotype that enables spread. Here we investigate the lability of compatibility to symbiosis with . We used transinfection to establish the protective symbiont from in two closely related novel hosts, and . The had contrasting compatibility in the two species, exhibiting pathology and low vertical transmission but delivering protection from wasp attack in but being asymptomatic and transmitted with high efficiency but with lower protection in . Further work indicated that pathological interactions occurred in two other members of the melanogaster species group, such that was unusual in being able to carry the symbiont without damage. The differing compatibility of the symbiont with these closely related host species emphasizes the rapidity with which host–symbiont compatibility evolves, despite compatibility itself not being subject to direct selection. Further, the requirement to fit three independent components of compatibility (pathology, transmission, protection) is probably to be a major feature limiting the rate of host shifts that will likely impact on the utility of in pest and vector control. Moving forward, the variation between sibling species pairs provides an opportunity to identify the mechanisms behind variable compatibility, which will drive hypotheses as to the evolutionary drivers of compatibility variation.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): compatibility , evolution , host shift and symbiosis
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (Award H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 703379)
    • Principle Award Recipient: MichaelGerth
  • Natural Environment Research Council (Award NE/L002450/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: JoanneS. Griffin
© 2022 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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2022-12-13
2024-05-22
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Rapid divergence in independent aspects of the compatibility phenotype in a Spiroplasma–Drosophila interaction
Microbiology 168, 001281 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001281
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001281
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001281
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