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Volume 71, Issue 10

CRISPR- heterogeneity and plasmid incompatibility types in relation to virulence determinants of No Access

Abstract

. Virulence factors (VFs) are the most potent weapon in the molecular armoury of . In bacteria, the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are contributors to the evolution of different types of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated genes (CRISPR-) variants and plasmid incompatibility types. The present study explored the virulence potential of in relation to the CRISPR- pattern and incompatibility types among the isolates.

The profile of the CRISPR- systems among clinical isolates of in India has not been reported earlier. Limited knowledge is available on the pattern of plasmid incompatibility groups among clinical isolates . The bias is always towards studying the genetic elements associated with AMR, but the present study highlights CRISPR- and incompatibility types among in association with virulence.

We aimed to investigate the distribution of virulence factors, CRISPR- pattern followed by plasmid incompatibility types among isolates.

Between 2012–2017, a total of 187 isolates of were included in the study. The virulence genes' distribution was carried out. CRISPR- profiling followed by analysis of the repeats and spacers was carried out. PCR-based replicon typing was used to determine the incompatibility types. The interplay was statistically determined using STATA.

The distribution of virulence genes showed varied pattern with present in all the isolates followed by (93.6 %), (66.8 %), and s (60.4 %), (39.6 %) and (39 %). CRISPR 1, CRISPR 3 and Cas6-Cas5 region were dominantly conserved. Twenty-two types of spacers were identified. The CRISPR3 repeat appeared to have a highly conserved sequence. CRISPR2 being the least common CRISPR type showed a strong association with an array of virulence genes () while CRISPR1 being the most dominant showed the least association with virulence genes (). The dominant plasmids were found to be belonging to the inc FII group. The incompatibility groups FII, IncIγ, U, FIIS, FIIK, K, A/C, I1alpha was found to be associated with a greater number of virulence genes.

The isolates showed increasing diversity in their gene content that contributes to increasing heterogeneity among the isolates, which is a known virulence strategy among pathogens.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): CRISPR-cas , plasmid incompatibility , Shigella and virulence
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Science and Engineering Research Board (Award CRG/2018/001597)
    • Principle Award Recipient: JharnaMandal
© 2022 The Authors
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2022-10-28
2024-05-02
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CRISPR-cas heterogeneity and plasmid incompatibility types in relation to virulence determinants of Shigella
J. Med. Microbiol. 71, 001607 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001607
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.001607
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.001607
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