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A rare, cellulose-decomposing myxobacterium is described, and a new genus name, Byssovorax, is proposed for it. The organism is almost certainly identical to the species ‘Myxococcus cruentus’ Thaxter 1897 , and that species epithet is therefore revived for the novel bacterium: the type strain of Byssovorax cruenta gen. nov., sp. nov., nom. rev. is strain By c2T (=DSM 14553T=CIP 108850T). The G+C content of its DNA is 69.9 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence shows that the species belongs to the family Polyangiaceae, suborder ‘Sorangineae’, of the Myxococcales. An emended description of the organism is given.
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