1887

Abstract

Taxonomic studies were performed on four strains (D-1/D-an/II, C/C-an/B1, A-1/C-an/C1 and A-1/C-an/I) of anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria originally isolated from a mat sample retrieved from a shallow, moated area around Lake Fryxell, an Antarctic freshwater lake. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data indicated that these strains are affiliated with cluster I clostridia and form a coherent group with and . Similarity values among 16S rRNA gene sequences within this assemblage ranged between 96·7 and 99·8 %. Despite the close phylogenetic relationship, several distinguishing phenotypic traits were found among the novel strains using a polyphasic approach. All strains were psychrophilic, but the temperature optimum for growth differed markedly, ranging from 4 to 16 °C. In addition, substrate utilization patterns, fermentation end products, cellular fatty acid profiles and morphological traits enabled a clear differentiation between the strains. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed that each of the four novel strains represents a distinct species, with DNA–DNA similarity values to related strains in the range 16–62 %. In contrast, the type strains of and shared 79 % DNA–DNA similarity, indicating a close relationship at the species level. On the basis of genetic and phenotypic properties, it is proposed to designate four novel species of the genus to harbour the newly isolated strains: sp. nov. (type strain D-1/D-an/II=DSM 14204 =ATCC BAA-579), sp. nov. (type strain C/C-an/B1=DSM 14205 =ATCC BAA-580), sp. nov. (type strain A-1/C-an/C1=DSM 14206 =ATCC BAA-581) and sp. nov. (type strain A-1/C-an/I=DSM 14207 =ATCC BAA-582). It is also proposed to unite and under . The subspecies subsp subsp. nov. is established, represented by strain ATCC 51254 (=DSM 14864). The type strain of subsp. remains NCIMB 12511 (=DSM 8809).

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2003-07-01
2024-10-09
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