1887

Abstract

A rod-shaped Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, aerobic and fucoidan-digesting strain, designated TC2, was isolated from marine algae collected from the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk at Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan. The bacterium formed yellow, translucent, circular and convex colonies. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain belonged to the genus , with the highest sequence similarities of 97.1 to 97.3 % to the type strains of , , and . DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain TC2 and the above-mentioned species were lower than 28 %. The genomic DNA G+C content was 33.9 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C G, iso-C, iso-C 3-OH and summed feature 3 (which comprises iso-C 2-OH and/or C 7). Strain TC2 could be differentiated from related species by several phenotypic characteristics. Thus, on the basis of these results, strain TC2 represents a novel species of the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TC2 (=NBRC 102673 =CIP 109574).

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.009365-0
2010-02-01
2024-12-08
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/60/2/344.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.009365-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Barrow G. I., Feltham R. K. A. 1993 Cowan and Steel's Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria , 3rd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bernardet J.-F., Bowman J. P. 2006; The Genus Flavobacterium . In The Prokaryotes: a Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria . , 3rd edn. vol 7 pp 481–531 Edited by Dworkin M., Falkow S., Rosenberg E., Schleifer K.-H., Stackebrandt E. New York: Springer;
  3. Bernardet J.-F., Segers P., Vancanneyt M., Berthe F., Kersters K., Vandamme P. 1996; Cutting a Gordian knot: emended classification and description of the genus Flavobacterium , emended description of the family Flavobacteriaceae , and proposal of Flavobacterium hydatis nom. nov. (basonym, Cytophaga aquatilis Strohl and Tait 1978). Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:128–148 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bernardet J.-F., Nakagawa Y., Holmes B. 2002; Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Flavobacteriaceae and emended description of the family. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1049–1070 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Boisson-Vidal C., Chaubet F., Chevolot L., Sinquin C., Theveniaux J., Millet J., Sternberg C., Mulloy B., Fisher A. M. 2000; Relationship between antithrombotic activities of fucans and their structure. Drug Dev Res 51:216–224 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Brosius J., Palmer M. L., Kennedy P. J., Noller H. F. 1978; Complete nucleotide sequence of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene from Escherichia coli . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75:4801–4805 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Ezaki T., Hashimoto Y., Yabuuchi E. 1989; Fluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization in microdilution wells as an alternative to membrane filter hybridization in which radioisotopes are used to determine genetic relatedness among bacterial strains. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:224–229 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fautz E., Reichenbach H. 1980; A simple test for flexirubin-type pigments. FEMS Microbiol Lett 8:87–91 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Felsenstein J. 1981; Evolutionary trees from DNA sequences: a maximum likelihood approach. J Mol Evol 17:368–376 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Felsenstein J. 1985; Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Fitch W. M. 1971; Toward defining the course of evolution: minimum change for a specific tree topology. Syst Zool 20:406–416 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Fitch W. M. 1977; On the problem of discovering the most parsimonious tree. Am Nat 111:223–257 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Gutell R. R., Larsen N., Woese C. R. 1994; Lessons from an evolving rRNA: 16S and 23S rRNA structures from a comparative perspective. Microbiol Rev 58:10–26
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hoshino T., Hayashi T., Hayashi K., Hamada J., Lee J. B., Sankawa U. 1998; An antivirally active sulfated polysaccharide from Sargassum horneri (TURNER) C. AGARDH. Biol Pharm Bull 21:730–734 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Humphry D. R., George A., Black G. W., Cummings S. P. 2001; Flavobacterium frigidarium sp. nov., an aerobic, psychrophilic, xylanolytic and laminarinolytic bacterium from Antarctica. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1235–1243
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kimura M. 1980; A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lewin R. A., Lounsbery D. M. 1969; Isolation, cultivation and characterization of flexibacteria. J Gen Microbiol 58:145–170 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Maruyama H., Tamauchi H., Hashimoto M., Nakano T. 2003; Antitumor activity and immune response of Mekabu fucoidan extracted from Sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida . In Vivo 17245–249
    [Google Scholar]
  19. McCammon S. A., Bowman J. P. 2000 Taxonomy of Antarctic Flavobacterium species: description of Flavobacterium gillisiae sp. nov., Flavobacterium tegetincola sp.nov. and Flavobacterium xanthum sp. nov., nom.rev., and reclassification of [ Flavobacterium ] salegens as Salegentibacter salegens gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50, 1055–1063 [CrossRef]
  20. McCammon S. A., Innes B. H., Bowman J. P., Franzmann P. D., Dobson S. J., Holloway P. E., Skerratt J. H., Nichols P. D., Rankin L. M. 1998; Flavobacterium hibernum sp. nov., a lactose-utilizing bacterium from a freshwater Antarctic lake. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:1405–1412 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mesbah M., Premachandran U., Whitman W. B. 1989; Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:159–167 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Nakagawa Y., Yamasato K. 1993; Phylogenetic diversity of the genus Cytophaga revealed by 16S rRNA sequencing and menaquinone analysis. J Gen Microbiol 139:1155–1161 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Nakagawa T., Yamada K., Miyaji T., Tomizuka N. 2002a; Cold-active pectinolytic activity of psychrophilic-basidiomycetous yeast Cystofilobasidium capitatum strain PPY-1. J Biosci Bioeng 94:175–177 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Nakagawa Y., Sakane T., Suzuki M., Hatano K. 2002b; Phylogenetic structure of the genera Flexibacter , Flexithrix , and Microscilla deduced from 16S rRNA sequence analysis. J Gen Appl Microbiol 48:155–165 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Nogi Y., Soda K., Oikawa T. 2005; Flavobacterium frigidimaris sp. nov., isolated from Antarctic seawater. Syst Appl Microbiol 28:310–315 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Ozawa T., Yamamoto J., Yamagishi T., Yamazaki N., Nishizawa M. 2006; Two fucoidans in the holdfast of cultivated Laminaria japonica. J Nat Med 60:236–239 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Saitou N., Nei M. 1987; The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Sakai Y., Nakagawa T., Shimase M., Kato N. 1998; Regulation and physiological role of the DAS1 gene, encoding dihydroxyacetone synthase, in the methylotrophic yeast Candida boidinii . J Bacteriol 180:5885–5890
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Shibata H., Iimuro M., Uchiya N., Kawamori T., Nagaoka M., Ueyama S., Hashimoto S., Yokokura T., Sugimura T., Wakabayashi K. 2003; Preventive effects of Cladosiphon fucoidan against Helicobacter pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. Helicobacter 8:59–65 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Smibert R. M., Krieg N. R. 1981; General characterization. In Manual of Methods for General Microbiology pp 409–443 Edited by Gerhardt P., Murray R. G. E., Costilow R. N., Nester E. W., Wood W. A., Krieg N. R., Phillips G. B. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Surgalla M. J., Beesley E. D. 1969; Congo red-agar plating medium for detecting pigmentation in Pasteurella pestis . Appl Microbiol 18:834–837
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Tamaki H., Hanada S., Kamagata Y., Nakamura K., Nomura N., Nakano K., Matsumura M. 2003; Flavobacterium limicola sp. nov., a psychrophilic, organic-polymer-degrading bacterium isolated from freshwater sediments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:519–526 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Thompson J. D., Gibson T. J., Plewniak F., Jeanmougin F., Higgins D. G. 1997; The clustal_x windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876–4882 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Van Trappen S., Mergaert J., Swings J. 2003; Flavobacterium gelidilacus sp. nov., isolated from microbial mats in Antarctic lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1241–1245 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Van Trappen S., Vandecandelaere I., Mergaert J., Swings J. 2004; Flavobacterium degerlachei sp. nov., Flavobacterium frigoris sp.nov. and Flavobacterium micromati sp. nov., novel psychrophilic bacteria isolated from microbial mats in Antarctic lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:85–92 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Van Trappen S., Vandecandelaere I., Mergaert J., Swings J. 2005; Flavobacterium fryxellicola sp. nov. and Flavobacterium psychrolimnae sp. nov., novel psychrophilic bacteria isolated from microbial mats in Antarctic lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:769–772 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Wayne L. G., Brenner D. J., Colwell R. R., Grimont P. A. D., Kandler O., Krichevsky M. I., Moore L. H., Moore W. E. C., Murray R. G. E. other authors 1987; International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Yi H., Chun J. 2006; Flavobacterium weaverense sp. nov. and Flavobacterium segetis sp. nov., novel psychrophiles isolated from the Antarctic. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1239–1244 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Yi H., Oh H. M., Lee J. H., Kim S. J., Chun J. 2005; Flavobacterium antarcticum sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from the Antarctic. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:637–641 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Zhu F., Wang S., Zhou P. 2003; Flavobacterium xinjiangense sp. nov. and Flavobacterium omnivorum sp. nov., novel psychrophiles from the China No. 1 glacier. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:853–857 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.009365-0
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.009365-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error