1887

Abstract

Recent evidence from both archaeology and biology suggests that the taxonomy of the human pathogenic treponemes may be more complex than previously thought. An alternative evolutionary tree for the treponematoses is suggested.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-31-1-82
1981-01-01
2024-04-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/31/1/ijs-31-1-82.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-31-1-82&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Anderson J. W. 1967; The human skeletons. p 91–113 In Byers D. S. ed The prehistory of the Tehuacan Valley, vol 1. Environment and subsistence University of Texas Press; Austin:
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Brothwell D. R. 1970; The real history of syphilis. Sci. J 6:27–33
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brothwell D. R. 1976; Further evidence of treponematosis in a pre-European population from Oceania. Bull. Hist. Med 50:435–442
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Brothwell D. R. 1978; Possible evidence of the parasitisation of early Mexican communities by the micro-or-ganism Treponema. Bull. Inst. Archaeol. (London) 15:113–130
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Brothwell D. R., Burleigh R. 1975; Radiocarbon dates and the history of treponema tosis in man. J. Archeol. Sci 2:393–396
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Gamer M. F., Backhouse J. L., Moodie P. M., Tibbs G. J. 1972; Treponemal infection in the Australian Northern Territory aborigines. Bull. W.H.O 46:285293
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Gamer M. F., Hornabrook R. W., Backhouse J. L. 1972; Prevalence of yaws on Kar Kar Island, New Guinea. Br. J. Vener. Dis 48:350–355
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Hackett C. J. 1951 Bone lesions of yaws in Uganda Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd; Oxford:
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Hackett C. J. 1963; On the origins of the human treponematoses (pinta, yaws, endemic syphilis and venereal syphilis).. Bull. W.H.O 29:7–41
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hackett C. J. 1976 Diagnostic criteria of syphilis, yaws and treponarid (treponematoses) and of some other diseases in dry bones (for use in osteoarchaeology) Springer-Verlag; Berlin:
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hardy P. H. 1976; Pathogenic treponemes. p 107–119 In Johnson R. C. ed The biology of parasitic spirochaetes. Academic Press, Inc; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hovind-Hougen K. 1976; Treponema and Borrelia morphology. p 7–18 In Johnson R. C. ed The biology of parasitic spirochaetes. Academic Press, Inc; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hudson E. H. 1946 Treponematosis. Oxford University Press; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hudson E. H. 1958 Non-venereal syphilis. A sociological and medical study of bejel E. & S. Livingstone Ltd; Edinburgh:
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Johnson R. C. ed 1976 The biology of parasitic spirochaetes Academic Press, Inc; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lancereaux E. 1868 A treatise on syphilis, vol. 1 New Sydenham Society; London:
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Morse D. 1967 Two cases of possible Treponema infection in prehistoric America, p. 48-60. Tech. Ser. no. 7 Museum of Northern Arizona; Flagstaff:
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Pietrusewsky M. 1969; An osteological study of cranial and infracranial remains from Tonga. Rec. Auckland Inst. Mus 6:287–402
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Pusey W. A. 1916; Spirocheta pallida or Treponema pallidum. J. Am. Med. Assoc 67:1621
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Schaudin F., Hoffmann E. 1905; Vorlaufiger Bericht fiber das Vorkommen von Spirochaeten in syphilitischen Krankheitsprodukten und bei Papillomen. Arb. Gesundh. Amte. (Berlin) 22:527–534
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Smith H. 1976; The determinants of microbial pathogenicity in relation to spirochetal disease. p 240–247 In Johnson R. C. ed The biology of parasitic spirochaetes. Academic Press, Inc; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Stewart T. D., Spoehr A. 1952; Evidence on the paleopathology of yaws. Bull. Hist. Med 26:538–553
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Stiles C. W. 1917; Treponema pallidum and Spirocheta pallida, from the standpoint of the international rules of zoological nomenclature. J. Am. Med. Assoc 68:57
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Willcox R. R. 1974; Changing patterns of treponemal disease. Br. J. Vener. Dis 50:169–178
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Willcox R. R. 1976; The epidemiology of the spirochetoses. A world-wide view. p 130–155 In Johnson R. C. ed The biology of parasitic spirochaetes. Academic Press, Inc; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Williams H. U. 1936; The origin of syphilis; evidence from diseased bones. Arch. Dermatol. Syphilol 33:783–787
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-31-1-82
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-31-1-82
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error