1887

Abstract

The effects of hypersaline treatment (osmotic upshock) on cell water relations were examined in the Gram-positive bacterium using particle size analysis. Application of the Boyle-van't Hoflf relationship (cell volume versus reciprocal of external osmolality) permitted direct determination of turgor pressure, which was approximately 0·75 osmol kg (1·9 MPa) in exponentially growing bacteria in a defined medium. The abolition of turgor pressure immediately after upshock and the subsequent recovery of turgor were investigated. Recovery of turgor was K dependent. Calculation of turgor by an alternative method involving spectrophotometric analysis of shrinkage gave somewhat lower estimates of turgor pressure.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-136-12-2521
1990-12-01
2024-12-02
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/136/12/mic-136-12-2521.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-136-12-2521&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Cram W. J. 1976; Negative feedback regulation of transport in cells. The maintenance of turgor, volume and nutrient supply. In Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology New Series 2 pp. 284–316 Lüttge U., Pitman M. G. Edited by Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Csonka L. N. 1989; Physiological and genetic responses of bacteria to osmotic stress. Microbiological Reviews 53:121–147
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Dainty J. 1976; Water relations of plant cells. In Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series 2 pp. 12–35 Lüttge U., Pitman M. G. Edited by Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Epstein W. 1986; Osmoregulation by potassium transport in Escherichia coli . FEMS Microbiology Reviews 39:73–78
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Higgins C. F., Cairney J., Stirling J. A., Sutherland L., Booth I. F. 1987; Osmotic regulation of gene expression: ionic strength as an intracellular signal?. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 12:339–344
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Koch A. L. 1984; Shrinkage of growing cells of Escherichia coli by osmotic challenge. Journal of Bacteriology 159:919–924
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Koch A. L., Suzanne Pinette M. F. 1987; Nephelometric determination of turgor pressure in growing Gram-negative bacteria. Journal of Bacteriology 169:3654–3663
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Lockhart J. A. 1965a; An analysis of irreversible plant cell elongation. Journal of Theoretical Biology 8:264–273
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Lockhart J. A. 1965b; Cell extension. In Plant Biochemistry pp. 827–849 Bonner J., Vanner J. E. Edited by New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Marquis T. E., Carstensen E. L. 1973; Electric conductivity and internal osmolality of intact bacterial cells. Journal of Bacteriology 113:1198–1206
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Meikle A. J., Reed R. H., Gadd G. M. 1988; Osmotic adjustment and the accumulation of organic solutes in whole cells and protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of General Microbiology 134:3049–3060
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Mitchell P., Moyle J. 1956; Osmotic structure and function in bacteria. In Bacterial Anatomy, 6th Symposium of the Society for General Microbiology pp. 150–180 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Reed R. H., Stewart W. D. P. 1985; Evidence for turgor sensitive K+ influx in the cyanobacteria Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 and Synechocystis PCC 6714. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 812:155–162
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Reed R. H., Walsby A. E. 1985; Changes in turgor pressure in response to increase in external NaCl concentration in the gas vacuolate cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. Archives of Microbiology 143:290–296
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Reed R. H., Richardson D. L., Stewart W. D. P. 1986; Osmotic responses of unicellular blue-green algae (cyanobacteria): changes in cellvolume and intracellular solute levels in response to hyperosmotic treatment. Plant Cell and Environment 9:25–31
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Stock A. R., Falkenberg P., Landfald B. 1977; Periplasmic space in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli . Journal of Biological Chemistry 252:7850–7861
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Taiz L. 1984; Plant cell expansion: regulation of cell wall mechanical properties. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 35:585–657
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Walsby A. E. 1971; The pressure relationships of gas vacuoles. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B178:201–206
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Walsby A. E. 1980; The water relations of gas vacuolate prokaryotes. Proceedings of the Royal Society ofLondon B208:72–102
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Walsby A. E. 1986; The pressure relationships of halophilic and non-halophilic prokaryotic cells determined by using gas vesicles as pressure probes. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 39:45–49
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Whatmore A. M. 1989 Osmotic responses of Bacillus subtilis MSc thesis University of Dundee, UK:
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Whatmore A. M., Chudek J. A., Reed R. H. 1990; Effect of osmotic upshock on intracellular solute pools of Bacillus subtilis . Journal of General Microbiology 136:2527–2535
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Wyn-Jones R. G., Gorham J. 1983; Osmoregulation. In Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series 12 pp. 171–204 Lange O. L., Nobel P. S., Osmond C. S., Ziegler H. Edited by Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-136-12-2521
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-136-12-2521
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error