1887

Abstract

The data from an integrated numerical classification was used to construct identification schemes for some fasciculate penicillia. The identification schemes were presented as a synoptic key and a frequency matrix for computer-assisted identification. Statistical testing of the frequency matrix showed that although character separation values were generally low, only four pairs of taxa showed overlap greater than that expected for a rectangular distribution. The identification schemes were tested practically with 52 previously studied strains and 51 further cultures. A synoptic key based on 10 and 90% cutoff limits was used to correctly identify 44 of the 51 additional strains, although this proved very sensitive to single test discrepancies. The frequency matrix was used to correctly identify 45 of the additional strains with a Willcox probability score and this was compared to identifications based on the modal likelihood fraction.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-11-2967
1989-11-01
2024-05-04
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/135/11/mic-135-11-2967.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-11-2967&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Abe S. 1956; Studies on the classification of the Penicillia . Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 2:1–344
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Anné J., Peberdy J. F. 1981; Characterisation of inter-species hybrids of Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium roquefortii by isoenzyme analysis. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 77:401–408
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bainier G. 1905; Mycothèque de l’école de pharmacie. Sur deux Penicillium . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France 21:126–130
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bainier G. 1906; Mycothèque de l’école de pharmacie. V. Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France 22:205–208
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bainier G. 1907; Mycothèque de l’école de pharmacie. IX. Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France 23:11–22
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bainier G., Sartory A. 1912; Étude d’un Penicillium nouveau, P. olsonii (sp. nov.). Annales mycologici 10:398–399
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bennett J. W. 1985; Molds, manufacturing and molecular genetics. In Molecular Genetics of Filamentous Fungi pp. 345–367 Timberlake W. E. Edited by New York: Alan R. Liss;
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Biourge P. 1923; Les moisissures du groupe Penicillium Link. Cellule 33:7–331
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Boas F. 1914; Über ein neues Coremium-bildendes Penicillium . Mykologisches Zentralblatt 5:73–83
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Bridge P. D. 1989; Identification of terverticillate penicillia from a matrix of percent positive test results. In Modem Concepts in Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification Samson R. A., Pitt J. I. Edited by New York: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Bridge P. D., Hawksworth D. L., Kozakiewicz Z., Onions A. H. S., Paterson R. R. M. 1986; Morphological and biochemical variation in single isolates of Penicillium . Transactions of the British Mycological Society 87:389–396
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Bridge P. D., Hudson L., Kozakiewicz Z., Onions A. H. S., Paterson R. R. M. 1987; Investigation of variation in phenotype and DNA content between single-conidium isolates of single Penicillium strains. Journal of General Microbiology 133:995–1004
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Bridge P. D., Hawksworth D. L., Kozakiewicz Z., Onions A. H. S., Paterson R. R. M., Sackin M. J., Sneath P. H. A. 1989; A reappraisal of terverticillate penicillia using biochemical, physiological and morphological features. I. Numerical taxonomy. Journal of General Microbiology 135:2941–2966
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Bu’Lock J. D. 1980; Mycotoxins as secondary metabolites. In The Biosynthesis of Mycotoxins. A Study of Secondary Metabolism pp. 1–16 Steyn P. S. Edited by London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Cruickshank R. H., Pitt J. I. 1987; Identification of species in Penicillium subgenus Penicillium by enzyme electrophoresis. Mycologia 79:614–620
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Culberson C. F., Culberson W. L. 1977; Chemosyndromic variation in lichens. Systematic Botany 1:325–339
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Dattilo-Rubbo S. 1938; The taxonomy of fungi of blue-veined cheese. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 22:174–181
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Demelius P. 1923; Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hyphomyceten Niederösterreichs. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 72:74
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Dierckx R. P. 1901; Un essai de revision du genre Penicillium Link. Annales de la Société Scientifique de Bruxelles 25:83–88
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Dybowski W., Franklin D. A. 1968; Conditional probability and the identification of bacteria: a pilot study. Journal of General Microbiology 54:215–229
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Fassatiova O. 1977; A taxonomic study of Penicillium series Expansa Thom emend. Fassatiova. Acta Universitatis Carolinae-Biologica 1974:283–335
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Feltham R. K. A., Sneath P. H. A. 1982; Construction of matrices for computer-assisted identification of aerobic Gram-positive cocci. Journal of General Microbiology 128:713–720
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Frisvad J. C. 1981; Physiological criteria and mycotoxin production as aids in identification of common asymmetric penicillia. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 41:568–579
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Frisvad J. C., Filtenborg O., Wicklow D. T. 1987; Terverticillate penicillia isolated from underground seed caches and cheek pouches of banner-tailed kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spectabilis). Canadian Journal of Botany 65:765–773
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Land C. J., Hult K. 1987; Mycotoxin production by some wood-associated Penicillium spp. Letters in Applied Microbiology 4:41–44
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Link H. F. 1809; Observationes in ordines plantarum naturales. Magazin Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 3:1–42
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Mcculloch L., Thom C. 1928; A rot of Gladiolus corms caused by a Penicillium . Science 67:217–218
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Novobranova T. I. 1972; Species composition of grape mycoflora under storage conditions in the Alma-Ata region. Nauchnye doklady vysshei shkoly biologicheskie nauki 10:103–108 in Russian
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Novobranova T. I. 1974; Species novae penicillii in fructibus mali et vitis inventae e regione Alma-Ataense. Novitates systematicae plantarum non vascularium 11:225–234
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Oliver E. M., Bridge P. D., Hawksworth D. L. 1987; The effect of selected mountants and stains on the measurement of fungal spores. Mycopathologia 97:165–172
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Onions A. H. S., Bridge P. D., Paterson R. R. M. 1984; Problems and prospects for the taxonomy of Penicillium . Microbiological Sciences 1:185–189
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Paterson R. R. M., Bridge P. D., Crosswaite M. J., Hawksworth D. L. 1989; A reappraisal of terverticillate penicillia using biochemical, physiological and morphological features. III. An evaluation of pectinase and amylase isenozymes for species characterization. Journal of General Microbiology 135:2979–2991
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Paterson R. R. M., King G., Bridge P. D. 1990; High resolution melting curves on DNA from 14 Penicillium strains. Mycological Research in the Press
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Pitt J. I. 1980 dated 1979 *The Genus Penicillium and its Teleomorphic States Eupenicillium and Talaromyces London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Pitt J. I. 1986 A Laboratory Guide to Common Penicillium Species, 2nd edn. North Ryde, Australia: CSIRO;
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Polonelli L., Castagnola M., D’Urso C., Morace G. 1986 dated 1985 Serological ap-proaches for identification of Aspergillus and Penicillium species. In Advances in Penicillium and Aspergillus Systematics pp. 267–280 Samson R. A., Pitt J. I. Edited by New York: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Priest F. G., Alexander B. 1988; A frequency matrix for probabilistic identification of some bacilli. Journal of General Microbiology 134:3011–3018
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Raper K. B., Thom C. 1949 A Manual of the Penicillia Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Samson R. A., Stolk A. C., Hadlok R. 1976; Revision of the subsection fasciculata of Penicillium and some allied species. Studies in Mycology Baarn 11:1–47
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Samson R. A., Van Reenen-Hoekstra E. S. 1988 Introduction to Food-borne Fungi Baam: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures;
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Seifert K. A., Samson R. A. 1986 dated 1985 The genus Coremium and the synnematous penicillia. In Advances in Penicillium and Aspergillus Systematics pp. 143–161 Samson R. A., Pitt J. I. Edited by New York: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Smith G. 1933; Some new species of Penicillium . Transactions of the British Mycological Society 18:88–91
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Smith G. 1939; Some new species of mould fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 22:252–256
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Smith G. 1963; Some new species of Penicillium and some observations on the taxonomy of the genus. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46:331–337
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Sneath P. H. A. 1979a; basic program for the identification of an unknown with presence-absence data against an identification matrix of percent positive characters. Computers and Geosciences 5:195–213
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Sneath P. H. A. 1979b; basic program for character separation indices from an identification matrix of percent positive characters. Computers and Geosciences 5:349–357
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Sneath P. H. A. 1980a; basic program for the most diagnostic properties of groups from an identification matrix of percent positive characters. Computers and Geosciences 6:21–26
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Sneath P. H. A. 1980b; basic program for determining the best identification scores possible for the most typical example when compared with an identification matrix of percent positive characters. Computers and Geosciences 6:27–34
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Sneath P. H. A. 1980c; basic program for determining overlap between groups in an identification matrix of percent positive characters. Computers and Geosciences 6:267–278
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Stolk A. C. 1969; Four new species of Penicillium . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35:261–274
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Thom C. 1906; Fungi in cheese ripening: camembert and roquefort. Bulletin of the Bureau of Animal Industry (US Department of Agriculture) 82:1–39
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Thom C. 1910; Cultural studies of species of Penicillium . Bulletin of the Bureau of Animal Industry (US Department of Agriculture) 118:5–109
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Thom C. 1930 The Penicillia London: Baillière, Tindall & Cox;
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Westling R. 1911; Über die grünen Spezies der Gattung Penicillium . Archiv für Botanik 11:1–156
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Willcox W. R., Lapage S. P., Bascomb S., Curtis M. A. 1973; Identification of bacteria by computer: theory and programming. Journal of General Microbiology 77:317–370
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Willcox W. R., Lapage S. P., Holmes B. 1980; A review of numerical methods in bacterial identification. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 46:233–299
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Williams S. T., Goodfellow M., Wellington E. M. H., Vickers J. C., Alderson G., Sneath P. H. A., Sackin M. J., Mortimer A. M. 1983; A probability matrix for identification of some streptomycetes. Journal of General Microbiology 129:1815–1830
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Zaleski A. 1927; Über die in Polen gefundenen Arten der Gruppe Penicillium Link I, II and III. Bulletin international de l’Académie polonaise des sciences, series B417–563
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-11-2967
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-11-2967
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error