1887

Abstract

The fate of radiolabeled cyanide added to washed non-proliferating suspensions of the cyanogenic organism was studied. Within 6 h of addition, over 90% of the added cyanide had been metabolized to other compounds, except when -glutamate alone was included in the suspension medium; in this case only 50% of the added cyanide had been metabolized after 6h incubation. Less than 2% of radioactivity was incorporated into cell material; the rest remained in the suspension medium. The only identified compound into which radioactivity accumulated was -cyanoalanine. Formation of -cyanoalanine was stimulated by inclusion of -glutamate and either -acetyl--serine or -serine in the incubation medium. Under optimal conditions, approximately 50% of added radiolabel accumulated in -cyanoalanine. Compounds capable of supplying carbon for growth of were able to substitute, to some extent, for -glutamate in stimulating -cyanoalanine synthesis. Both -acetyl--serine and -serine inhibited -cyanoalanine formation when included at concentrations in excess of 3 m. -Cysteine, -threonine and -alanine were unable to substitute for -acetyl--serine or -serine, and -cysteine inhibited -cyanoalanine synthesis. -Methionine inhibited -cyanoalanine formation by cells resuspended in cyanide, -glutamate and -acetyl--serine or -serine. The effect of growth conditions on the ability of resuspended cells to synthesize -cyanoalanine was studied.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-128-12-2983
1982-12-01
2024-05-05
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/128/12/mic-128-12-2983.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-128-12-2983&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bauchop T., Elsden S. R. 1960; The growth of micro-organisms in relation to their energy supply. Journal of General Microbiology 23:457–469
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Brysk M. M., Ressler C. 1970; γ-Cyano-α-l-aminobutyric acid. A new product of cyanide fixation in Chromobacterium violaceum. Journal of Biological Chemistry 245:1156–1160
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brysk M. M., Corpe W. A., Hankes L. V. 1969; β-Cyanoaianine formation by Chromobacterium violaceum. Journal of Bacteriology 97:322–327
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Castric P. A. 1977; Glycine metabolism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; hydrogen cyanide biosynthesis. Journal of Bacteriology 130:826–831
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Castric P. A. 1981; The metabolism of hydrogen cyanide by bacteria. In Cyanide in Biology pp. 233–261 Vennesland B., Conn E. E., Knowles C. J., Westley J., Wissing F. Edited by London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Castric P. A., Conn E. E. 1971; Formation of β-cyanoalanine by O-acetyl-l-serine sulphydrase. Journal of Bacteriology 108:132–136
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Castric P. A., Strobel G. A. 1969; Cyanide metabolism by Bacillus megaterium. Journal of Biological Chemistry 244:4089–4094
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Collins P. A., Rodgers P. B., Knowles C. J. 1980; The effect of growth conditions on cyano-genesis by Chromobacterium violaceum. Journal of General Microbiology 117:73–80
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Dunnill P. H., Fowden L. 1965; Enzymatic formation of β-cyanoalanine from cyanide by E. coli extracts. Nature; London: 2081206–1207
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Epstein J. 1947; Estimations of microquantities of cyanide. Analytical Chemistry 19:272–274
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hendrickson H. R., Conn E. E. 1969; Cyanide metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Biological Chemistry 244:2632–2640
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Knowles C. J. 1976; Micro-organisms and cyanide. Bacteriological Reviews 40:652–680
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Michaels R., Corpe W. A. 1965; Cyanide formation by Chromobacterium violaceum. Journal of Bacteriology 89:106–112
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Michaels R., Hankes L. V., Corpe W. A. 1965; Cyanide formation by non-proliferating cells of Chromobacterium violaceum. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 111:121–125
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Miller J. H. 1972 Experiments in Molecular Genetics p. 431 New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Nazly N., Collins P. A., Knowles C. J. 1981; Cyanide production by harvested Chromobacterium violaceum. In Cyanide in Biology pp. 289–299 Vennesland B., Conn E. E., Knowles C. J., Westley J., Wissing F. Edited by London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Pistorius E. K., Jetschmann K., Voss H., Vennesland B. 1979; The dark respiration of Anacystis nidulans. Production of HCN from histidine and oxidation of basic amino acids. Biochimica et biophysica acta 585:630–642
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Rodgers P. B. 1981; Cyanide degradation by Chromobacterium violaceum. In Cyanide in Biology pp. 301–310 Vennesland B., Conn E. E., Knowles C. J., Westley J., Wissing F. Edited by London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Rodgers P. B., Knowles C. J. 1978; Cyanide production and degradation during growth of Chromobacterium violaceum. Journal of General Microbiology 108:261–267
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Sakai T., Yanase H., Sawada M., Tonomura K. 1981; Formation of β-cyanoalanine by cyanide-resistant strain Enterobacter sp.10–1. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 45:2053–2062
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Smith D. A. 1971; Sulphur-amino acid metabolism and its regulation in Escherichia coli Salmonella typhimurium. Advances in Genetics 16:141–165
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Sneath P. H. A. 1956; Cultural and biochemical characteristics of the genus Chromobacterium. Journal of General Microbiology 15:70–98
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Sörbo B. H. 1955; Rhodanese. Methods in Enzymology 2:334–337
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Wissing F. 1968; Growth curves and pH-optima for cyanide-producing bacteria. Physiologia plantarum 21:589–593
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-128-12-2983
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-128-12-2983
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error