1887

Abstract

Summary

Human faeces hydrolysed synthetic -D-glucuronides of both -nitrophenol and phenolphthalein. The origin of this activity in faeces was localised in the bacterial pellet fraction after centrifugation. Ninety-seven bacterial strains with -glucuronidase activity isolated from fresh human faeces were identified as species of and They were classified into two groups according to their activity against two synthetic -D-glucuronides. One group hydrolysed -nitrophenyl glucuronide and phenolphthalein glucuronide to the same extent and the other hydrolysed -nitrophenyl glucuronide much more strongly than phenolphthalein glucuronide. The bile of rats given benzo(a)pyrene by mouth was tested for mutagenicity in the presence and absence of cell-free extracts of human faeces and bacteria. Extracts of -glucuronidase-positive bacteria increased the mutagenicity of metabolites of benzo(a)pyrene, as did faecal extracts, but extracts of -glucuronidase-negative bacteria did not. D-Saccharic acid-1, 4-lactone inhibited the increase in mutagenicity produced by the faecal extracts and extracts of -glucuronidase-positive bacteria except for strains 204 and 952. These results indicate that some intestinal bacteria have -glucuronidases heterogenous in substrate specificity and that they may be involved in mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene in the intestinal tract.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-22-4-351
1986-12-01
2024-12-04
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/22/4/medmicro-22-4-351.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-22-4-351&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ames B. N., McCann J., Yamasaki E. 1975; Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutation Research 31:347–364
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Azuma R., Suto T. 1970; Validity of transfer of the taxonomical position of Corynebacterium pseudopyogenes from genus Corynebacterium to genus Actinomyces. In Lizuka H., Hasegawa T. (eds) Proceedings of the first international conference on culture collections University Park Press; Baltimore, MD: pp 493–505
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bresnick E. 1980; Colon carcinogenesis. Cancer 45:1047–1051
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Goldin B. R., Gorbach S. L. 1976; The relationship between diet and rat fecal bacterial enzymes implicated in colon cancer. Journal of National Cancer Institute 57:371–375
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Goldin B. R., Swenson L., Dwyer J., Sexton M., Gorbach S. L. 1980; Effect of diet and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplements on human fecal bacterial enzymes. Journal of National Cancer Institute 64:255–261
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Holdeman L. V., Cato E. P., Moore W. E. C. 1977; Anaerobe laboratory manual. 4th edn Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Blacksburg, VA:
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Kinoshita N., Gelboin H. V. 1978; β-Glucuronidase catalyzed hydrolysis of benzo(a)pyrene-3-glucuronide and binding to DNA. Science 199:307–309
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Morotomi M., Takayama H., Nanno M., Tanaka R., Kawai Y., Mutai M. 1981; Significance of fecal medium for human intestinal microflora. In Sasaki S. (eds) Recent advances in germfree research. Proceedings of the 7th international symposium on gnotobiology Tokai University Press; Tokyo, Japan: pp 293–301
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Morotomi M., Nanno M., Watanabe T., Sakurai T., Mutai M. 1985; Mutagenic activation of biliary metabolites of 1-nitropyrene by intestinal microflora. Mutation Research 149:171–178
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Reddy B. S., Wynder E. L. 1973; Large-bowel carcinogenesis: fecal constituents of populations with diverse incidence rates of colon cancer. Journal of National Cancer Institute 50:1437–1442
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Reddy B. S., Weisburger J. H., Wynder E. L. 1974; Fecal bacterial β-glucuronidase: control by diet. Science 183:416–417
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Reddy B. S., Mangat S., Weisburger J. H., Wynder E. L. 1977; Effect of high-risk diets for colon carcinogenesis on intestinal mucosal and bacterial β-glucuronidase activity in F344 rats. Cancer Research 37:3533–3536
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Reddy B. S., Hanson D., Mangat S., Mathews L., Sbaschnig M., Sharma C., Simi B. 1980; Effect of high-fat, high-beef diet and of mode of cooking of beef in the diet on fecal bacterial enzymes and fecal bile acids and neutral sterols. Journal of Nutrition 110:1880–1887
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Renwick A. G., Drasar B. S. 1976; Environmental carcinogens and large bowel cancer. Nature 263:234–235
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Rod T. O., Midtvedt T. 1977; Origin of intestinal/Lglucuronidase in germfree, monocontaminated and conventional rats. Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica Section, B 85:271–276
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Tomašić J., Keglevic D. 1973; The kinetics of hydrolysis of synthetic glucuronic esters and glucuronic ethers by bovine liver and Escherichia coli /Lglucuronidase. Biochemical Journal 133:789–795
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-22-4-351
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-22-4-351
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error