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SUMMARY Donor and recipient strains were isolated from a single clinical isolate of an Escherichia coli O4. Strain z20 is a low-frequency donor which transfers a variety of markers to the recipient strain, cf2004-6. However, the recombination frequency for the tryptophan marker occurs at a somewhat higher frequency. The fact that all recombinants become donors and donor ability can be temporarily derepressed, suggests that this intra-strain conjugation system depends upon a repressed sex factor, termed the Z factor. When a lysogenic donor strain is used, the phage genome also is transferred during conjugation to a majority of the recombinants. This leads to a state of ‘transient lysogeny’ in which all recombinants segregate non-lysogens.
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