1887

Abstract

The anchoring (irreversible attachment) of Cd to hydrophobic polystyrene and to root surfaces was compared. Live Cd cells attached in significantly greater numbers to roots than to polystyrene, regardless of treatments made to the surfaces or to the bacterial cells. Triton X-100, NaEDTA and several bacterial-inhibitory substances reduced bacterial attachment to both surfaces, although this effect was greater with attachment to polystyrene than to roots. Pre-coating with root exudates, bovine serum albumin or gelatin significantly increased anchoring to both surfaces. Manganese-limited cells showed increased anchoring to roots, whereas dead cells adsorbed better to polystyrene. Although the anchoring of Cd to a non-biological surface can be significantly altered by using several promoting or inhibiting substances to affect the properties of both the surface and the bacterial cell, anchoring to root surfaces is less affected by these substances. It is proposed that at least two different quantitative types of anchoring exist in this bacterium: a sparse attachment to a non-biological surface and a prolific attachment to roots.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-139-2-379
1993-02-01
2024-12-05
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/139/2/mic-139-2-379.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-139-2-379&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Baldani V.L.D., Baldani V.L.D., Alvarez de B. M.A., Baldani J.I., Döbereiner J. 1986; Establishment of inoculated Azospirillum spp.in the rhizosphere and in roots of field grown wheat and sorghum. Plant and Soil 90:35–46
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bashan Y. 1986a; Enhancement of wheat roots colonization and plant development by Azosprillium brasilense Cd following temporary depression of the rhizosphere microflora. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 51:1067–1071
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bashan Y. 1986b; Alginate beads as synthetic inoculant carriers for the slow release of bacteria that affect plant growth. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 51:1089–1098
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bashan Y., Levanony H. 1985; An improved selection technique and medium for the isolation and enumeration of Azospirillum brasilense. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31:947–952
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bashan Y., Levanony H. 1988a; Adsorption of the rhizosphere bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd to soil, sand and peat particles. Journal of General Microbiology 134:1811–1820
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bashan Y., Levanony H. 1988b; Active attachment of Azospirillum brasilense Cd to quartz sand and to light-textured soil by protein bridging. Joural of General Microbiology 134:2269–2279
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bashan Y., Levanony H. 1988C; Migration, colonization and adsorption of Azospirillum brasilense to wheat roots. In Lectins-Biology, Biochemistry, Clinical Biochemistry, 6 pp. 69–84 Bøg-Hansen T.C., Freed D.L.J. Edited by St Louis,MO: Sigma Chemical Co.;
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Bashan Y., Levanony H. 1989; Factors affecting adsorption of Azospirillum brasilense Cd to root hairs as compared with root surface of wheat. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35:936–944
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Bashan Y., Levanony H. 1990; Current status of Azospirillum inoculation technology: Azospirillum as a challenge to agriculture. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36:591–608
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Bashan Y., Levanony H., Klein E. 1986; Evidence for a weak active external adsorption of Azospirillum brasilense Cd to wheat roots. Journal of General Microbiology 132:3069–3073
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Bashan Y., Levanony H., Whitmoyer R.E. 1991; Root surface colonization of non-cereal crop plants by pleomorphic Azospirillum brasilense Cd. Journal of General Microbiology 137:187–196
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Bashan Y., Levanony H., Ziv-Vecht O. 1987; The fate of field- inoculated Azospirillum brasilense Cd in wheat rhizosphere during the growing season. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 33:1074–1079
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Bashan Y., Ream Y., Levanony H., Sade A. 1989; Nonspecific responses in plant growth, yield, and root colonization of noncereal crop plants to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Cd. Canadian Journal of Botany 67:1317–1324
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Cope W.A. 1980; Microbial surface components involved in adsorption of microorganisms to surfaces. In Adsorption of Microorganisms to Surfaces pp. 105–144 Bitton G., Marshall K.C. Edited by New York: Wiley Interscience;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Del Gallo M., Negi M., Neyra C.A. 1989; Calcofluor- and lectin-binding exocellular polysaccharides of Azospirillum brasilense and Azospirillum lipoferum. Journal of Bacteriology 171:3504–3510
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Eyers M., Vanderleyden J., Van Gool A. 1988; Attachment of Azospirillum to isolated plant cells. FEMS Microbiology Letters 49:435–439
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Fletcher M. 1976; The effect of proteins on bacterial attachment to polystyrene. Journal of General Microbiology 94:400–404
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Fletcher M. 1977; The effects of culture concentration and age, time, and temperature on bacterial attachment to polystyrene. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 23:1–6
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Fletcher M., Loeb G.I. 1979; Influence of substratum characteristics on the attachment of a marine pseudomonad to solid surfaces. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 37:67–72
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Gafni R., Okon Y., Kapulnik Y., Fischer M. 1986; Adsorption of Azospirillum brasilense to com roots. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 18:69–75
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Harris J.M., Lucas J.A., Davey M.R., Lethbridge G., Powell K.A. 1989; Establishment of Azospirillum inoculant in the rhizosphere of winter wheat. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21:59–64
    [Google Scholar]
  22. James D.W.Jr Suslow T.V., Steinback K.E. 1985; Relationship between rapid, firm adhesion and long-term colonization of roots by bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 50:392–397
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kijne J.W., Smit G., Diaz C.L., Lugtenberg B.J.J. 1988; Lectin-enhanced accumulation of manganese-limited Rhizobium leguminosarum on pea root hair tips. Journal of Bacteriology 170:2994–3000
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Klotz S.A. 1990; Role of hydrophobic interactions in microbial adhesion to plastics used in medical devices. In Microbial Cell Surface Hydrophobicity pp. 107–136 Doyle R.J., Rosenberg M. Edited by Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.;
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Levanony Y., Bashan Y. 1991; Active attachment of Azospirillum brasilense to root surface of non-cereal plants and to sand particles. Plant and Soil 137:91–97
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Levanony H., Bashan Y., Kahana Z.E. 1987; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for specific identification and enumeration of Azospirillum brasilense Cd in cereal roots. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 53:358–364
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Levanony H., Bashan Y., Romano B., Klein E. 1989; Ultrastructural localization and identification of Azospirillum brasilense Cd on and within wheat root by immunogold labeling. Plant and Soil 117:207–218
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Madi L., Henis Y. 1989; Aggregation in Azospirillum brasilenseCd: conditions and factors involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. Plant and Soil 115:89–98
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Marshall K.C. 1986; Adsorption and adhesion processes in microbial growth at interfaces. Advances in Colloid Interface Science 25:59–86
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Michiels K.W., Croes C.L., Vanderleyden J. 1991; Two different modes of attachment of Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 to wheat roots. Journal of General Microbiology 137:2241–2246
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Michiels K.W., Verreth C., Vanderleyden J. 1990; Azospirillum lipoferum and Azospirillum brasilense surface polysaccharide mutants that are affected in flocculation. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 69:705–711
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Okon Y., Albrecht S.L., Burris R.H. 1977; Methods for growing Spirillum lipoferum and for counting it in pure culture and in association with plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 33:85–88
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Smit G., Stacey G. 1990; Adhesion of bacteria to plant cells: role of specific interactions versus hydrophobicity. In Microbial Cell Surface Hydrophobicity pp. 179–210 Doyle R.J., Rosenberg M. Edited by Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-139-2-379
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-139-2-379
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error