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Summary: A strain of hydrogen bacteria, phenotypically resembling Pseudomonas saccharophila, was extensively characterized. On the basis of a comparative study of the phenotypic properties of both organisms, and of DNA–DNA reannealing experiments with P. saccharophila and other species of the genus, it is concluded that the new strain is probably a member of a new species related to P. saccharophila. It is suggested that formal proposal of the new species be postponed until a larger collection of organisms of this group becomes available.