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Volume 72, Issue 5

A comparative analysis of the second and third wave of the Covid-19 pandemic: an experience from a tertiary care hospital in Western India Open Access

Abstract

As the world was still recovering from the 2020 pandemic, the devastating impact of Covid-19 driven by the Delta variant shook the world in 2021. As the second wave was declining, there was an unusual surge in Covid-19 positive cases by the end of 2021 which led to global concern about the change in virus characteristics.

Whole genome sequencing is critical for understanding a rapidly progressing pandemic.

. To provide an insight into the major differences encountered in the changing characteristics between the second and third waves of the pandemic at a tertiary care hospital in India.

A retrospective observational cohort analysis was conducted on Covid-positive patients during the second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic (from March 2021 to April 2021) and the third wave of the Covid-19 pandemic (from December 2021 to January 2022).

Out of 303 Covid-19 positive cases, 52 samples were tested by whole genome sequencing during the second wave and 108 during the third wave. A decline of 18.5 % was observed in the case fatality rate from the second wave to the third wave. There was a 5 % decline in the number of patients admitted with ARDS and a 16.3 % decline in the number of patients with co-morbidities.

In total, 51.9 percent of cases were due to the Delta variant during the second wave and 95 percent due to the Omicron variant during the third wave. We found that 36.5 % of Covid-positive patients during the second wave had been vaccinated compared to 40 % in the third wave.

Whole genome sequencing of clinical samples from a wide range of individuals during a viral epidemic will enable us to develop a more rapid public health response to new variants and identify the required vaccine modifications more quickly.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): Covid-19 , diagnosis , pandemic , surveillance and variants
© 2023 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The Microbiology Society waived the open access fees for this article.
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2023-05-12
2024-05-05
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A comparative analysis of the second and third wave of the Covid-19 pandemic: an experience from a tertiary care hospital in Western India
J. Med. Microbiol. 72, 001685 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001685
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.001685
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.001685
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