Chromosomally-mediated antibiotic resistance and virulence

References

1. Laporta MZ, Silva MLM, Scaletsky ICA, Trabulsi LR. Plasmids coding for drug resistance and localized adherence to HeLa cells in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O55:H and O55:H6. Infect Immun 1986; 51:715–717
   [Google Scholar]
2. Wachsmuth IK, Falkow S, Ryder RW. Plasmid-mediated properties of heat-stable enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli associated with infantile diarrhea. Infect Immun 1976; 14:403–407
   [Google Scholar]
3. Echeverria P, Verhaert L, Ulyangco CV. Antimicrobial resistance and enterotoxin production among isolates of Escherichia coli in the Far East. Lancet 1978; 2:589–592
   [Google Scholar]
4. Lacey RW, Chopra I. Effect of plasmid carriage on the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus . J Med Microbiol 1975; 8:137–147
   [Google Scholar]
5. Smith JT. Mechanisms of drug resistance. Edwards DI, Hiscock DR. Chemotherapeutic strategy 198379–83
   [Google Scholar]
6. Saunders JR. Genetics and evolution of antibiotic resistance. Br Med Bull 1984; 40:54–60
   [Google Scholar]
7. Dorman CJ, Chatfield S, Higgins CF, Hayward C, Dougan G. Characterisation of porin and Omp R mutants of a virulent strain of Salmonella typhimurium: Omp R mutants are attenuated in vivo . Infect Immun 1989; 57:2136–2140
   [Google Scholar]
8. Curtiss R, Kelly SM. Salmonella typhimurium deletion mutants lacking adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP receptor protein are avirulent and immunogenic. Infect Immun 1987; 55:3035–3043
   [Google Scholar]
9. Bryan LE, Godfrey AJ, Schollardt T. Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with mechanisms of microbial persistence for β-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics in a mouse infection model. Can J Microbiol 1985; 31:377–380
   [Google Scholar]
10. Ravizzola G, Pirali F, Paolucci A. Reduced virulence in ciprofloxacin-resistant variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. J Antimicrob Chemother 1987; 20:825–829
    [Google Scholar]
11. Crumplin GC. Gram negative mutants resistant to 4-quinolones: are they competent pathogens?. Crumplin GC. The 4-quinolones: antibacterial agents in vitro London: Springer Verlag; 1990257–268
    [Google Scholar]
12. Rake G, McKee CM, Hamre DM, Houck CL. Studies on penicillin II. Observations on therapeutic activity and toxicity. J Immunol 1944; 48:271–289
    [Google Scholar]
13. Blair JE, Carr M, Buchman J. Action of penicillin staphylococci. J Immunol 1946; 52:281–292
    [Google Scholar]
14. Musher DM, Baughn RE, Templeton GB, Minuth JN. Emergence of variant forms of Staphylococcus aureus after exposure to gentamicin and infectivity of variants in experimental animals. J Infect Dis 1977; 136:360–369
    [Google Scholar]
15. Lacey RW, Barr KW, Barr VE, Inglis TJ. Properties of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonizing patients in a burns unit. J Hosp Infect 1986; 7:137–148
    [Google Scholar]
16. Roberts JI, Gaston MA. Protein A and coagulase expression in epidemic and non-epidemic Staphylococcus aureus . J Clin Pathol 1987; 40:837–840
    [Google Scholar]
17. Jordens JZ, Duckworth GJ, Williams RJ. Production of “virulence factors” by “epidemic” methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro . J Med Microbiol 1989; 30:245–252
    [Google Scholar]
18. Coia JE, Browning L, Haines L, Birkbeck TH, Platt DJ. Comparison of enterotoxins and haemolysins produced by methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and -sensitive (MSSA) Staphylococcus aureus . J Med Microbiol 1992; 36:164–171
    [Google Scholar]
19. Al-Ani B, Aboshkiwa M, Glass RE, Coleman G. The patterns of extracellular protein formation by spontaneously-occurring rifampicin-resistant mutants of Staphylococcus aureus . FEMS Microbiol Lett 1990; 70:91–94
    [Google Scholar]
20. Moorman DK, Mandell GL. Characteristics of rifampicin-resistant variants obtained from clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1981; 20:709–713
    [Google Scholar]
21. Smith JT. In vitro and in vivo mutation frequencies to resistance—do they correlate in the long term?. Crumplin GC. The 4-quinolones: antibacterial agents in vitro London: Springer Verlag; 1990215–228
    [Google Scholar]