1887

Abstract

Summary

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of amoxycillin and erythromycin resistance in oral streptococci in patients at risk from infective endocarditis. Samples of gingival crevicular flora were taken from 65 patients at the site of dental treatment, prior to the prophylactic administration of amoxycillin (54 patients) or erythromycin (11 patients). Samples were also taken from 65 dental patients who were not considered to be at risk from infective endocarditis. No isolate had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amoxycillin > 24 mg/L. However, erythromycin-resistant oral streptococci with MIC values > 3μ5 mg/L were isolated from 22% of patients receiving amoxycillin prophylaxis, 9% of patients receiving amoxycillin prophylaxis, 9% of patients given erythromycin prophylaxis and 9% of patients not at risk from infective endocarditis. The antibiotic-resistant streptococci comprised mainly biotype II, although biotype I, and were also frequently recovered.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-34-1-33
1991-01-01
2024-04-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/34/1/medmicro-34-1-33.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-34-1-33&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Young S. E. J. Aetiology and epidemiology of infective endocarditis in England and Wales. J Antimicrob Chemother 1987; 20: Suppl A 7–14
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Cawson R. A. Infective endocarditis as a complication of dental treatment. Br Dent J 1981; 151:409–414
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Working Party of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy The antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis. Lancet 1982; 2:1323–1326
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Tozer R. A., Boutflower S., Gillespie W. A. Antibiotics for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis during dental treatment. Lancet 1966; 1:686–688
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Woodman A. J., Vidic J., Newman H. N., Marsh P. D. Effect of repeated high dose prophylaxis with amoxycillin on the resident oral flora of adult volunteers. J Med Microbiol 1985; 19:15–23
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Sukchotiratana M., Linton A. H., Fletcher J. P. Antibiotics and the oral streptococci of man. J Appl Bacterial 1975; 38:277–294
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Phillips I., Warren C., Harrison J. M., Sharpies P., Ball L. C., Parker M. T. Antibiotic susceptibilities of streptococci from the mouth and blood of patients treated with penicillin or lincomycin and clindamycin. J Med Microbiol 1976; 9:393–404
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Harrison G. A. J., Stross W. P., Rubin M. P., Davies R. M., Speller D. C. E. Resistance in oral streptococci after repeated three-dose erythromycin prophylaxis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1985; 15:471–479
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Southall P. J., Mahy N. J., Davies R. M., Speller D. C. E. Resistance in oral streptococci after repeated two-dose amoxycillin prophylaxis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1983; 12:141–146
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Drucker D. B., Jolly M. Sensitivity of oral micro-organisms to antibiotics. Br Dent J 1971; 131:442–444
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Oakley C. M., Perez G., Darrell J. A. Single dose oral amoxicillin for prophylaxis of bacteraemia associated with dental surgery. Br Heart J 1981; 45:343
    [Google Scholar]
  12. MacFarlane T. W., Ferguson M. M., Mulgrew C. J. Post-extraction bacteraemia: role of antiseptics and antibiotics. Br Dent J 1984; 156:179–181
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Waterworth P. M. Quantitative methods for bacterial sensitivity testing. In Reeves D. S., Phillips I., Williams J. D., Wise R. (eds) Laboratory methods in antimicrobial chemotherapy Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 197831–40
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Brown D., Blowers R. Disc methods of sensitivity testing and other semiquantitative methods. In Reeves D. S., Phillips I., Williams J. D., Wise R. (eds) Laboratory methods in antimicrobial chemotherapy Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 19788–30
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Sprunt K., Leidy G., Redman W. Cross resistance between lincomycin and erythromycin in viridans streptococci. Pediatrics 1970; 46:84–88
    [Google Scholar]
  16. LeBlanc D. J., Hawley R. J. Lee LN, St. Martin EJ. ‘Conjugal’ transfer of plasmid DNA among oral streptococci. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 1978; 75:3484–7
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Working Party of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis. Lancet 1990; 335:88–89
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Durack D. T., Petersdorf R. G. Chemotherapy of experimental streptococcal endocarditis. I. Comparison of commonly recommended prophylactic regimens. J Clin Invest 1973; 52:592–598
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Glauser M. P., Francioli P. Successful prophylaxis against experimental streptococcal endocarditis with bacteriostatic antibiotics. J Infect Dis 1982; 146:806–810
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Glauser M. P., Bernard J. P., Moreillon P., Francoli P. Successful single-dose amoxicillin prophylaxis against experimental streptococcal endocarditis: evidence for two mechanisms of protection.. J Infect Dis 1983; 147:568–575
    [Google Scholar]
  21. O’Grady F. Antibiotics and host defences. In Greenwood D, O’Grady F. (eds) The scientific basis of antimicrobial chemotherapy Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1985341–366
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Eng R. H. K., Wolff M., Smith S. M. Failure of erythromycin in preventing bacterial endocarditis. Arch Intern Med 1982; 142:1958–1959
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Denning D. W., Cassidy M., Dougall A., Hillis W. S. Failure of single dose amoxycillin as prophylaxis against endocarditis. Br Med J 1984; 289:1499–1500
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-34-1-33
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-34-1-33
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error