1887

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Volume 104, Issue 2

Pathogenesis of wild-type- and vaccine-based recombinant peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) expressing EGFP in experimentally infected domestic goats Open Access

Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a highly contagious morbillivirus related to measles and canine distemper virus, mostly affecting small ruminants. The corresponding PPR disease has a high clinical impact in goats and is characterized by fever, oral and nasal erosions, diarrhoea and pneumonia. In addition, massive infection of lymphoid tissues causes lymphopaenia and immune suppression. This results in increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, explaining the observed high mortality in some outbreaks. We studied the pathogenesis of PPR by experimental inoculation of Dutch domestic goats with a recombinant virulent PPRV strain modified to express EGFP and compared it to an EGFP-expressing vaccine strain of PPRV. After intratracheal inoculation with virulent PPRV, animals developed fever, viraemia and leucopaenia, and shed virus from the respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts. Macroscopic evaluation of fluorescence at the peak of infection 7 days post-inoculation (dpi) showed prominent PPRV infection of the respiratory tract, lymphoid tissues, gastro-intestinal tract, mucosae and skin. Flow cytometry of PBMCs collected over time demonstrated a cell-associated viraemia mediated by infected lymphocytes. At 14 dpi, pathognomonic zebra stripes were detected in the mucosa of the large intestine. In contrast, vaccine strain-inoculated goats remained largely macroscopically fluorescence negative and did not present clinical signs. A low-level viraemia was detected by flow cytometry, but at necropsy no histological lesions were observed. Animals from both groups seroconverted as early as 7 dpi and sera efficiently neutralized virulent PPRV . Combined, this work presents a study of the pathogenesis of wild type- and vaccine-based PPRV in its natural host. This study shows the strength of recombinant EGFP-expressing viruses in fluorescence-guided pathogenesis studies.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): goat , Nigeria 75/1 , pathogenesis , PPR virus , Tbilisi/2016 and zebra stripes
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Ministerie van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit (Award KB-37-003-021)
    • Principle Award Recipient: PhaedraL. Eblé
  • Ministerie van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit (Award WOT-01-003-091)
    • Principle Award Recipient: PhaedraL. Eblé
© 2023 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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2023-02-09
2024-05-18
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Pathogenesis of wild-type- and vaccine-based recombinant peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) expressing EGFP in experimentally infected domestic goats
J. Gen. Virol. 104, 001828 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001828
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001828
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001828
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