Site-specific mutation of the hepatitis B virus enhancer II B1 element: effect on virus transcription and replication

References

1. Ganem D., Varmus H. E. 1987; The molecular biology of the hepatitis B virus. Annual Review of Biochemistry 56:651–693
   [Google Scholar]
2. Guo W., Chen M., Yen T. S., Ou J. H. 1993; Hepatocyte-specific expression of the hepatitis B virus core promoter depends on both positive and negative regulation. Molecular and Cellular Biology 13:443–448
   [Google Scholar]
3. Hollinger F. B. 1996; Hepatitis B virus. In Fields Virology pp 2739–2807 Edited by Fields B. N., Knipe D. M., Howley P. M. Philadelphia: Lippincott–Raven;
   [Google Scholar]
4. Kew M. C. 1981; The hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma. Seminars in Liver Disease 1:59–67
   [Google Scholar]
5. Li M., Xie Y., Wu X., Kong Y., Wang Y. 1995; HNF3 binds and activates the second enhancer, ENII, of hepatitis B virus. Virology 214:371–378
   [Google Scholar]
6. Li M., Xie Y., Kong Y., Wu X., Zhu L., Wang Y. 1998; Cloning and characterization of a novel human hepatocyte transcription factor, hB1F, which binds and activates enhancer II of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273:29022–29031
   [Google Scholar]
7. Lopez-Cabrera M., Letovsky J., Hu K. Q., Siddiqui A. 1990; Multiple liver-specific factors bind to the hepatitis B virus core/pregenomic promoter: trans -activation and repression by CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 87:5069–5073
   [Google Scholar]
8. Lopez-Cabrera M., Letovsky J., Hu K. Q., Siddiqui A. 1991; Transcriptional factor C/EBP binds to and transactivates the enhancer element II of the hepatitis B virus. Virology 183:825–829
   [Google Scholar]
9. Raney A. K., Zhang P., McLachlan A. 1995; Regulation of transcription from the hepatitis B virus large surface antigen promoter by hepatocyte nuclear factor 3. Journal of Virology 69:3265–3272
   [Google Scholar]
10. Raney A. K., Johnson J. L., Palmer C. N., McLachlan A. 1997; Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily regulate transcription from the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid promoter. Journal of Virology 71:1058–1071
    [Google Scholar]
11. Schaller H., Fischer M. 1991; Transcriptional control of hepadnavirus gene expression. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 168:21–39
    [Google Scholar]
12. Shaul Y., Rutter W. J., Laub O. 1985; A human hepatitis B viral enhancer element. EMBO Journal 4:427–430
    [Google Scholar]
13. Summers J., Mason W. S. 1982; Replication of the genome of a hepatitis B-like virus by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Cell 29:403–415
    [Google Scholar]
14. Tiollais P., Pourcel C., Dejean A. 1985; The hepatitis B virus. Nature 317:489–495
    [Google Scholar]
15. Tognoni A., Cattaneo R., Serfling E., Schaffner W. 1985; A novel expression selection approach allows precise mapping of the hepatitis B virus enhancer. Nucleic Acids Research 13:7457–7472
    [Google Scholar]
16. Wang Y., Chen P., Wu X., Sun A. L., Wang H., Zhu Y. A., Li Z. P. 1990; A new enhancer element, ENII, identified in the X gene of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Virology 64:3977–3981
    [Google Scholar]
17. Weiss L., Kekule A. S., Jakubowski U., Bürgelt E., Hofschneider P. H. 1996; The HBV-producing cell line HepG2–4A5: a new in vitro system for studying the regulation of HBV replication and for screening anti-hepatitis B virus drugs. Virology 216:214–218
    [Google Scholar]
18. Will H., Reiser W., Weimer T., Pfaff E., Buscher M., Sprengle R., Cattaneo R., Schaller H. 1987; Replication strategy of human hepatitis B virus. Journal of Virology 61:904–911
    [Google Scholar]
19. Wu X., Zhu L., Li Z. P., Koshy R., Wang Y. 1992; Functional organization of enhancer (ENII) of hepatitis B virus. Virology 191:490–494
    [Google Scholar]
20. Yee J. K. 1989; A liver-specific enhancer in the core promoter region of human hepatitis B virus. Science 246:658–661
    [Google Scholar]
21. Yuh C. H., Ting L. P. 1991; C/EBP-like proteins binding to the functional box-alpha and box-beta of the second enhancer of hepatitis B virus. Molecular and Cellular Biology 11:5044–5052
    [Google Scholar]
22. Zhang P., Raney A. K., McLachlan A. 1993; Characterization of functional SP1 transcription factor binding sites in the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid promoter. Journal of Virology 67:1472–1481
    [Google Scholar]