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Synchronous multiplication of rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) and an assay of its infectivity in cell monolayers of its vector, the green rice leafhopper Nephotettix cincticeps, are described. The number of foci of infected cells was linearly related to the concentration of virus. The method was about 103 times more sensitive than enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. All the vector cells in monolayers were infected when inocula were dilutions of 10-3.5 of sap from infected plants, 10-4.5 of extracts of viruliferous insects, 10-5.5 of infected monolayer cells or purified virus with A 1cm 260nm = 10-5. RGDV was first detected in monolayer cells 10 h after inoculation, and multiplied 105-fold in the subsequent 40 h. Vector cell monolayers are thus an excellent experimental system for the study of RGDV.
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