1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

Adsorption of T phages or their ghosts to resulted in the following events. () Addition of either phage or ghost caused rapid enhancement of potassium efflux and a corresponding decrease in the intracellular concentration of potassium. () Within the first 2 min after infection, the intracellular concentration of potassium started to recover in phage, but not in ghost-infected cells. The recovery, which corresponded presumably to some repair process, was completed 4 to 5 min after infections. () The K influx was enhanced slightly, and reduced 10-fold, in the phage and in the ghost-infected cells, respectively. The repair process in the phage-infected cells was inhibited by pre-treatment of the bacteria with chloramphenicol, or by lowering the temperature from 37 to 20 °C. Formalinized phages affect the bacteria in the same manner as the ghosts. Damage which resulted from ghost adsorption, and was characterized by K transport and infective centres experiments, could be repaired to some degree by infective phage adsorption. The effects due to ghost adsorption could be partially reduced by resuspending the treated bacteria in a medium which contained a concentrate of the non-dialysable metabolites that leaked out of the ghost-treated cells.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-23-2-159
1974-05-01
2024-11-08
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/23/2/JV0230020159.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-23-2-159&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Adams M. H. 1959; Methods of study of bacterial viruses. In Bacteriophages443–552 New York: Interscience Publishers;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Anderson C. W., Eigner J. 1971; Breakdown and exclusion of super-infecting T-even bacteriophage in Escherichia coli. Journal of Virology 8:869–886
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Ballentine R., Burford P. D. 1960; Differential density separation of cellular suspension. Annals of Biochemistry 1:263–268
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Childs J. D. 1972; Superinfecting exclusion by incomplete genome of bacteriophate T4. Journal of Virology 11:1–8
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Duckworth D. H. 1970a; Biological activity of bacteriophage ghosts and take over of the host function by bacteriophage. Bacteriological Reviews 34:344–360
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Dockworth D. H. 1970b; The metabolism of T4 phage ghost infected cells. I. Macromolecular synthesis and transport of nucleic acid and protein precursors. Virology 40:673–684
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Duckworth D. H., Bessman M. J. 1965; Assay for the killing properties of T2 bacteriophage and their ‘ghosts’. Journal of Bacteriology 90:724–728
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Duckworth D. H., Winkler H. H. 1972; Metabolism of T4 bacteriophage ghost-infected cells. II. Does ghost cause generalized permeability change?. Journal of Virology 9:917–922
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Dulbecco R. 1952; Mutual exclusion between related phages. Journal of Bacteriology 63:209–217
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Fench R. C., Siminovitch I. 1955; The action of T2 bacteriophage ghost on Escherichia coli b. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 1:757–774
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Giberman E., Rosenberg E. 1970; Potassium uptake during microcyst formation in Myxococcus xanthus. Journal of Bacteriology 104:87–89
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Herriott R. M., Barlow J. L. 1957a; The protein coats or ‘ghosts’ of coliphage T2.1. Preparation, assay and some chemical properties. Journal of General Physiology 40:809–825
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Herriott R. M., Barlow J. L. 1957b; The protein coats or ‘ghosts’ of coliphage T2. II. The biological function. Journal of General Physiology 41:307–331
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hershey A. D., Chase M. 1952; Independent function of viral protein and nucleic acids in growth of bacteriophage. Journal of General Physiology 36:39–56
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Koteswara Rao G. R., Chakravorty-Burma M., Burma D. P. 1972; Transient depression in the active transport across the membrane of Salmonella typhimurium, after infection with bacteriophage P22. Virology 49:811–814
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Luria S. E., Darnell J. E. 1967; Bacteriophage–bacterium interaction: the productive cycle. In General Virology185–200 New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc;
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Mufti S. 1972; A bacteriophage T4 mutant defective in protection against superinfecting phage. Journal of General Virology 17:119–123
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Nomura M., Witten C., Mantel N., Echols H. 1966; Inhibition of host nucleic acid synthesis by bacteriophage T4: effect of chloramphenicol at various multiplicities of infection. Journal of Molecular Biology 17:273–278
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Puck T. T., Lee H. H. 1954; Mechanism of cell wall penetration by viruses. I. An increase in host cell permeability induced by bacteriophage infection. Journal of Experimental Medicine 99:481–494
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Puck T. T., Lee H. H. 1955; Mechanism of cell wall penetration by viruses. II. Demonstration of cyclic permeability change accompanying virus infection of Escherichia coli b cells. Journal of Experimental Medicine 101:151–175
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Setlow J. 1957; The inactivation of the bacterial killing property in T2 bacterial virus by ionizing radiation. Virology 3:374–37
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Sechaud J. E., Kellenberger E., Streisinger G. 1967; The permeability of cells infected with T4r and r+ phages. Virology 33:402–404
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Silver S., Levine E., Spielman P. M. 1968; Cation fluxes and permeability changes accompanying bacteriophage infection of Escherichia coli. Journal of Virology 2:763–771
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Swift R. L., Wiberg J. S. 1971; Bacteriophage T4 inhibits colicin E2-induced degradation of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid. I. Protein synthesis-dependent inhibition. Journal of Virology 8:303–310
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Swift R. L., Wiberg J. S. 1973; Bacteriophage T4 inhibits colicin E2-induced degradation of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid. II. Inhibition of T4 ghosts and by T4 in the absence of protein synthesis. Journal of Virology 11:386–398
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Tolmach L. J. 1957; Attachment and penetration of cells by viruses. Advances in Virus Research 4:63–110
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Vallee M., Cornett J. B. 1972; A new gene of bacteriophage T4 determining immunity against super-infecting ghosts and phage in T4 infected Escherichia coli. Virology 48:777–784
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Vallee M., Cornett J. B., Bernstein B. 1972; The action of bacteriophage T4 ghosts on Escherichia coli and the immunity to action developed in cells preinfected with T4. Virology 48:766–776
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Winkler H. H., Duckworth D. H. 1971; Metabolism of T4 bacteriophage ghost infected cells: effects of bacteriophage and ghost on the uptake of carbohydrates in Escherichia coli b. Journal of Bacteriology 107:259–267
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-23-2-159
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-23-2-159
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error