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Volume 158, Issue 2

The role of catalase in gonococcal resistance to peroxynitrite Free

Abstract

We have reported that is extremely resistant to reactive nitrogen species (RNS) including peroxynitrite (PN). Recent literature suggests that catalase can provide protection against commercial preparations of PN. Though wild-type gonococci were shown to be highly resistant to 2 mM PN, and a gonococcal mutant were both shown to be extremely sensitive to 2 mM PN. Analysis of translational fusions to of the catalase promoters from and demonstrated that basal expression from gonococci is 80-fold higher than in meningococci, though meningococcal retains a greater capacity to be activated by OxyR. This activation capacity was shown to be due to a single base pair difference in the −10 transcription element between the two promoters. PN resistance was initially shown to be associated with increasing catalase expression; however, commercial preparations of PN were later revealed to contain higher levels of contaminating hydrogen peroxide (HO) than expected. Removal of HO from PN preparations with manganese dioxide markedly reduced PN toxicity in a gonococcal mutant. Simultaneous treatment with non-lethal concentrations of PN and HO was highly lethal, indicating that these agents act synergistically. When treatment was separated by 5 min, high levels of bacterial killing occurred only when PN was added first. Our results suggest that killing of Δ by commercial PN preparations is likely due to HO, that HO is more toxic in the presence of PN, and that PN, on its own, may not be as toxic as previously believed.

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© 2012 SGM
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2012-02-01
2024-04-26
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The role of catalase in gonococcal resistance to peroxynitrite
Microbiology 158, 560 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.053686-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.053686-0
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