1887

Abstract

Bovine enteroviruses are members of the family , genus . Whilst little is known about their pathogenic potential, they are apparently endemic in some cattle and cattle environments. Only one of the two current serotypes has been sequenced completely. In this report, the entire genome sequences of bovine enterovirus 2 (BEV-2) strain PS87 and a recent isolate from an endemically infected herd in Maryland, USA (Wye3A) are presented. The recent isolate clearly segregated phylogenetically with sequences representing the BEV-2 serotype, as did other isolates from the endemic herd. The Wye3A isolate shared 82 % nucleotide sequence identity with the PS87 strain and 68 % identity with a BEV-1 strain (VG5-27). Comparison of BEV-2 and BEV-1 deduced protein sequences revealed 72–73 % identity and showed that most differences were single amino acid changes or single deletions, with the exception of the VP1 protein, where both BEV-2 sequences were 7 aa shorter than that of BEV-1. Homology modelling of the capsid proteins of BEV-2 against protein database entries for picornaviruses indicated six significant differences among bovine enteroviruses and other members of the family . Five of these were on the ‘rim’ of the proposed enterovirus receptor-binding site or ‘canyon’ (VP1) and one was near the base of the canyon (VP3). Two of these regions varied enough to distinguish BEV-2 from BEV-1 strains. This is the first report and analysis of full-length sequences for BEV-2. Continued analysis of these wild-type strains should yield useful information for genotyping enteroviruses and modelling enterovirus capsid structure.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80159-0
2004-11-01
2024-12-06
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/85/11/vir853195.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80159-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bower M. J., Cohen F. E., Dunbrack R. L. Jr 1997; Prediction of protein side-chain rotamers from a backbone-dependent rotamer library: a new homology modeling tool. J Mol Biol 267:1268–1282 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Dunne H. W., Huang C. M., Lin W. J. 1974; Bovine enteroviruses in the calf: an attempt at serologic, biologic, and pathologic classification. J Am Vet Med Assoc 164:290–294
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Earle J. A. P., Skuce R. A., Fleming C. S., Hoey E. M., Martin S. J. 1988; The complete nucleotide sequence of a bovine enterovirus. J Gen Virol 69:253–263 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Jones D. T. 1999; Protein secondary structure prediction based on position-specific scoring matrices. J Mol Biol 292:195–202 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Kaminaka S., Imamura Y., Shingu M., Kitagawa T., Toyoda T. 1999; Studies of bovine enterovirus structure by ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy. J Virol Methods 77:117–123 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Knowles N. J., Barnett I. T. 1985; A serological classification of bovine enteroviruses. Arch Virol 83:141–155 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Ley V., Higgins J., Fayer R. 2002; Bovine enteroviruses as indicators of fecal contamination. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:3455–3461 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Lund B., Jensen V. F., Have P., Ahring B. 1996; Inactivation of virus during anaerobic digestion of manure in laboratory scale biogas reactors. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69:25–31 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. McCarthy F. M., Smith G. A., Mattick J. S. 1999; Molecular characterisation of Australian bovine enteroviruses. Vet Microbiol 68:71–81 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. McNally R. M., Earle J. A. P., McIlhatton M., Hoey E. M., Martin S. J. 1994; The nucleotide sequence of the 5′ non-coding and capsid coding genome regions of two bovine enterovirus strains. Arch Virol 139:287–299 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Monteith H. D., Shannon E. E., Derbyshire J. B. 1986; The inactivation of a bovine enterovirus and a bovine parvovirus in cattle manure by anaerobic digestion, heat treatment, gamma irradiation, ensilage and composting. J Hyg (Lond) 97:175–184 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Page R. D. M. 1996; treeview: an application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. Comput Appl Biosci 12:357–358
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Pallansch H. D., Roos R. P. 2001; Enteroviruses: polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses and newer enteroviruses. In Fields Virology , 4th edn. pp  723–775 Edited by Fields B. N., Howley P. M., Griffin D. E., Lamb R. A., Martin M. A., Roizman B., Straus S. E., Knipe D. M. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Racaniello V. R. 2001; Picornaviridae : the viruses and their replication. In Fields Virology , 4th edn. pp  685–722 Edited by Fields B. N., Howley P. M., Griffin D. E., Lamb R. A., Martin M. A., Roizman B., Straus S. E., Knipe D. M. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Rohll J. B., Moon D. H., Evans D. J., Almond J. W. 1995; The 3′ untranslated region of picornavirus RNA: features required for efficient genome replication. J Virol 69:7835–7844
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Rossmann M. G. 2002; Picornavirus structure overview. In Molecular Biology of Picornaviruses Edited by Semler B. L., Wimmer E. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Shingu M., Chinami M., Taguchi T., Shingu M. Jr 1991; Therapeutic effects of bovine enterovirus infection on rabbits with experimentally induced adult T cell leukaemia. J Gen Virol 72:2031–2034 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Smyth M. S., Martin J. H. 2001; Structural, biochemical and electrostatic basis of serotype specificity in bovine enteroviruses. Arch Virol 146:347–355 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Smyth M. S., Martin J. H. 2002; Picornavirus uncoating. Mol Pathol 55:214–219 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Smyth M., Fry E., Stuart D., Lyons C., Hoey E., Martin S. J. 1993; Preliminary crystallographic analysis of bovine enterovirus. J Mol Biol 231:930–932 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Smyth M., Tate J., Hoey E., Lyons C., Martin S., Stuart D. 1995; Implications for viral uncoating from the structure of bovine enterovirus. Nat Struct Biol 2:224–231 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Smyth M., Symonds A., Brazinova S., Martin J. 2002; Bovine enterovirus as an oncolytic virus: foetal calf serum facilitates its infection of human cells. Int J Mol Med 10:49–53
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Stanway G., Hovi T., Knowles N. J., Hyypiä T. 2002; Molecular and biological basis of picornavirus taxonomy. In Molecular Biology of Picornaviruses Edited by Semler B. L., Wimmer E. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Yilmaz A., Kaleta E. F. 2003; Evaluation of virucidal activity of three commercial disinfectants and formic acid using bovine enterovirus type 1 (ECBO virus), mammalian orthoreovirus type 1 and bovine adenovirus type 1. Vet J 166:67–78 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Zell R., Stelzner A. 1997; Application of genome sequence information to the classification of bovine enteroviruses: the importance of 5′- and 3′-nontranslated regions. Virus Res 51:213–229 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Zell R., Sidigi K., Henke A., Schmidt-Brauns J., Hoey E., Martin S., Stelzner A. 1999; Functional features of the bovine enterovirus 5′-non-translated region. J Gen Virol 80:2299–2309
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Zemla A. 2003; lga: a method for finding 3D similarities in protein structures. Nucleic Acids Res 31:3370–3374 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Zuker M. 2003; Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction. Nucleic Acids Res 31:3406–3415 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80159-0
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80159-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error