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Volume 104, Issue 3

Challenges on the development of a dengue vaccine: a comprehensive review of the state of the art Open Access

Abstract

Dengue virus (DENV) is the mosquito-borne virus of greatest human health concern. There are four serotypes of DENV (1-4) that co-circulate in endemic areas. Each serotype of DENV is individually capable of causing the full spectrum of disease, ranging from self-resolving dengue fever to the more severe dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Based on data published by the CDC, one in four people who become infected with dengue will become ill. Of those that do develop symptomology, the symptoms can range from mild to severe. Symptoms can vary from rash, ocular aches and pains to more intense symptoms in the manifestation of severe dengue. Roughly, 1 in 20 people who become ill will develop severe dengue, which can result in shock, internal bleeding and death. There is currently no specific treatment for dengue and only one licensed vaccine (Dengvaxia) for children 9 through 16 years of age in just a few countries. Despite its licensure for clinical use, Dengvaxia has performed with low efficacy in children and dengue naïve individuals and critically has resulted in increased risk of developing severe dengue in young, vaccinated recipients. Currently, there are various novel strategies for the development of a dengue vaccine. In this review we have conducted a detailed overview of the DENV vaccine landscape, focusing on nine vaccines in the pipeline to provide a comprehensive overview of the most state-of-the-art developments in strategies for vaccines against DENV.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): Dengue , immunology and vaccines
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (Award U19 AI118610-04S1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: AnaFernandez-Sesma
  • Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (Award R01 AI073450)
    • Principle Award Recipient: AnaFernandez-Sesma
  • Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (Award U19 Al168631)
    • Principle Award Recipient: AnaFernandez-Sesma
  • Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (Award U19 Al118610)
    • Principle Award Recipient: AnaFernandez-Sesma
© 2023 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The Microbiology Society waived the open access fees for this article.
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2023-03-01
2024-05-10
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Challenges on the development of a dengue vaccine: a comprehensive review of the state of the art
J. Gen. Virol. 104, 001831 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001831
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.001831
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