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Abstract

is an industrial starter culture used for the production of fermented dairy products. Pip (phage infection protein) bacteriophage-insensitive mutant (BIM) DGCC11032 was isolated following challenge of parental strain DGCC7271 with . Over a period of industrial use, phages infecting DGCC11032 were isolated from industrial whey samples and identified as . Although Pip is reported to be the receptor for many including species type phage c2, a similar cell-membrane-associated protein, YjaE, was recently reported as the receptor for bIL67. Characterization of DGCC7271 BIMs following challenge with phage capable of infecting DGCC11032 identified mutations in , confirming YjaE to be necessary for infection. DGCC7271 YjaE mutants remained sensitive to the phages used to generate variant DGCC11032, indicating a distinction in host phage determinants. We will refer to requiring Pip as c2-type and that require YjaE as bIL67-type. Genomic comparisons of two c2-type phages unable to infect mutant DGCC11032 and four bIL67-type phages isolated on DGCC11032 confirmed the segregation of each group based on resemblance to prototypical phages c2 and bIL67, respectively. The distinguishing feature is linked to three contiguous late-expressed genes: l14–15–16 (c2) and ORF34–35–36 (bIL67). Phage recombinants in which the c2-like l14–15–16 homologue gene set was exchanged with corresponding bIL67 genes ORF34–35–36 were capable of infecting a mutated host. Together, these results correlate the phage genes corresponding to (c2) and ORF34–35–36 (bIL67) to host lactococcal phage determinants Pip and YjaE, respectively.

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2016-08-01
2024-12-08
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