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Satellite RNAs of CARNAs 5s (cucumber mosaic virus-associated RNA 5s) emerged in serial passage lines of Spanish cucumber mosaic virus isolates established in Chenopodium, squash and two tobacco varieties. No satellite was detected in virus obtained from tomato serial passage lines. The satellites were identified by their biological effect on tomato, by their gel electrophoretic mobility and by nucleic acid hybridization, as being very similar in sequence to known CARNA 5s. Interactions among host, virus and CARNA 5 affect the selection of a particular CARNA 5 variant.
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