1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

Although infective Newcastle disease virus (NDV) did not produce interferon in chick cells, brief heat treatment converted it to an inducer. Experiments in which mixtures of heated and unheated virus were used to induce interferon showed that a substance was produced in infected cells that inhibited interferon formation. Heat treatment of NDV caused the same rate of loss of infectivity and of virus particle RNA polymerase activity, and it was concluded that polymerase activity was essential for virus infectivity. It was also shown that some polymerase activity still existed in heat-inactivated virus able to induce interferon. Appropriate inactivation of the virus by u.v. irradiation or by treatment with β-propiolactone or at pH 2.5, also made the virus into an inducer of interferon, and in each case some virus polymerase activity was present in the inactivated particles. Both u.v. irradiation and β-propiolactone inactivated infectivity more rapidly than polymerase activity, while pH 2.5 treatment had the reverse effect.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-17-2-163
1972-11-01
2024-12-05
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/17/2/JV0170020163.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-17-2-163&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Barry R. D., Bukrinskaya A. G. 1968; The nucleic acid of Sendai virus and ribonucleic acid synthesis in cells infected by Sendai virus. Journal of General Virology 2:71–79
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bratt M. A., Robinson W. S. 1967; Ribonucleic acid synthesis in cells infected with Newcastle disease virus. Journal of Molecular Biology 23:1–21
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Burke D. C., Isaacs A. 1958; Some factors affecting the production of interferon. British Journal of Experimental Pathology 39:452–458
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Clavell L. A., Bratt M. A. 1971; The relationship between the RNA synthesizing capacity of ultraviolet-irradiated Newcastle disease virus and its ability to induce interferon. Journal of Virology 8:500–508
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Colby C. Jr. 1971 The induction of interferon by natural and synthetic polynucleotides. In Progress in Nucleic Acid Research Edited by Cohn W., Davidson J. N. vol. 11 pp. 1–32 New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Finter N. B. 1969; Dye uptake methods for assessing viral cytopathogenicity and their application to interferon assays. Journal of General Virology 5:419–427
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Gandhi S. S., Burke D. C. 1970; Interferon production by myxoviruses in chick embryo cells. Journal of General Virology 6:95–103
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Ho M., Breinig M. K. 1965; Metabolic determinants of interferon formation. Virology 25:331–339
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Huang A. S., Baltimore D. 1971; Virion-associated, RNA-dependent transcriptases. Bacteriological Proceedings V:283
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Huang A. S., Baltimore D., Bratt M. A. 1971; Ribonucleic acid polymerase in virions of Newcastle disease virus: comparison with the vesicular stomatitis virus polymerase. Journal of Virology 7:389–394
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Kennedy S. I. T., Burke D. C. 1972; Studies on the structural proteins of Semliki Forest virus. Journal of General Virology 14:87–98
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Kohno S., Kohase M. 1969; Studies on interferon induction by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). I. Interferon induction by NDV grown in primary chick embryonic cells. Archiv fiir die gesamte Virusforschung 28:177–187
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kohno S., Kohase M., Shimizu Y. 1969; Studies on interferon induction by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). II. Interferon induction by heat- and acid-treated NDV. Archiv fiir die gesamte Virusforschung 28:188–196
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Loening U. E. 1967; The fractionation of high-molecular-weight ribonucleic acid by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Biochemical Journal 102:251–257
    [Google Scholar]
  15. LoGrippo G. A. 1960; Investigations of the use of β-propiolactone in virus inactivation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 83:578–594
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lomniczi B. 1970; Systemic induction of interferon in chicks with various NDV strains. I. Relationship between virulence of the virus and the mechanism of interferon formation. Archiv fiir die gesamte Virusforschung 30:159–166
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lomniczi B., Burke D. C. 1971; Interferon production by NDV strains of different virulence. Proceedings of the Microbiological Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 4:9–14
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lomniczi B., Meager A., Burke D. C. 1971; Virus RNA and protein synthesis in cells infected with different strains of Newcastle disease virus. Journal of General Virology 13:111–120
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Mangun G. H., Kelly A. R., Sanders B. E., Piepes S. L., Wallbank A. M., Hartman F. W. 1951; Some virucidal agents and their chemical and pharmacological properties. Federation Proceedings 10:220–221
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Meager A., Burke D. C. 1972; Production of interferon by ultraviolet inactivated Newcastle disease virus. Nature, London 235:280–282
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Neff J. M., Enders J. F. 1968; Poliovirus replication and cytopathogenicity in monolayer hamster cell cultures fused with beta propiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 127:260–267
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Oyama V. I., Eagle H. 1956; Measurement of cell growth in tissue culture with a phenol reagent (Folin-Ciocalteau). Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 91:305–307
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Prinzie A., Schonne E., De Somer P. 1960; Inactivation et spécificité cellulaire de l’acide ribonucléique due poliovirus. Archiv fiir die gesamte Virusforschung 10:153–166
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Roberts J. J., Warwick G. P. 1963; The reaction of β-propiolactone with guanosine, deoxyguanylic acid and RNA. Biochemical Pharmacology 12:1441–1442
    [Google Scholar]
  26. II Stewart W. E., Gosser L. B., Lockhart R. Z. Jun. 1971; Priming: a non-antiviral function of interferon. Journal of Virology 7:792–801
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Stone H. O., Portner A., Kingsbury D. W. 1971; Ribonucleic acid transcriptases in Sendai virions and infected cells. Journal of Virology 8:174–180
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Thacore H., Youngner J. S. 1970; Cells persistently infected with Newcastle disease virus. II. Ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis in cells infected with mutants isolated from persistently infected L cells. Journal of Virology 6:42–48
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Wagner R. R. 1964; Inhibition of interferon biosynthesis by actinomycin D. Nature, London 204:49–51
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Walters S., Burke D. C., Skehel J. J. 1967; Interferon production and RNA inhibitors. Journal of General Virology 1:349–362
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Youngner J. S., Scott A. W., Hallum J. V., Stinebring W. R. 1966; Interferon production by inactivated Newcastle disease virus in cell cultures and in mice. Journal of Bacteriology 92:862–868
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-17-2-163
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-17-2-163
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error