Infective endocarditis due to Haemophilus sputorum

Varea H. Costello; Sara L. Robinson; Seth Klusewitz; Guy Surpris; Md Nahid; Michael G. Backlund

doi:10.1099/acmi.0.000410

Volume 4, Issue 12

Case Report

Open Access

Infective endocarditis due to Haemophilus sputorum

Varea H. Costello^1,2, Sara L. Robinson^1,2, Seth Klusewitz^2,3, Guy Surpris⁴, Md Nahid⁴ and Michael G. Backlund⁴
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Affiliations: ¹ Department of Infectious Diseases, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA ² Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA ³ Department of Cardiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA ⁴ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
*Correspondence: Varea H. Costello, [email protected]
Published: 05 December 2022 https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000410

Abstract

Introduction. Haemophilus species are gram-negative, non-motile, facultative anaerobic coccobacilli in the larger family of Pasteurellaceae . Implicated in a variety of human diseases, Haemophilus species are also included in the ‘HACEK’ group of organisms, which are fastidious gram-negative bacteria, a well-described but uncommon cause of endocarditis. Among the Haemophilus species responsible for endocarditis, Haemophilus parainfluenzae is the most frequently isolated. However, novel species of Haemophilus have recently been described, and their clinical significance remains uncertain.

Case presentation. A 35-year-old man was admitted to the hospital after presenting with a 3 month history of nightly fevers, night sweats and unintentional weight loss, with a new murmur detected on cardiac auscultation. Blood cultures returned positive for Haemophilus sputorum identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight MS, and confirmed with whole genome sequencing. Echocardiography revealed the presence of an aortic valve vegetation, with aortic and mitral valve leaflet perforations. He was successfully treated with surgical bioprosthetic valve replacements and pathogen-directed antibiotics without complications.

Conclusion. We describe a case of infective endocarditis due to H. sputorum , a newly identified Haemophilus species, which to the best of our knowledge has yet to be reported, and discuss the available literature regarding this organism.

Received: 04/02/2022
Accepted: 21/09/2022
Published Online: 05/12/2022

Keyword(s): endocarditis , HACEK , Haemophilus and Pasteurellaceae

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.

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Volume 4, Issue 12

Case Report

Open Access

Infective endocarditis due to Haemophilus sputorum

Abstract

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