Intrafamilial spread of a Panton‐Valentine leukocidin‐positive community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus belonging to the paediatric clone ST5 SSCmecIV

References

1. Aires‐de‐Sousa M., Boye K., De Lencastre H., Deplano A., Enright M.C., Etienne J., Friedrich A., Harmsen D., Holmes A., Huijsdens X.W. ( 2006). High interlaboratory reproducibility of DNA sequence‐based typing of bacteria in a multicenter study. J Clin Microbiol 44:619–621 [CrossRef]
   [Google Scholar]
2. Boye K., Bartels M.D., Andersen I.S., Møller J.A., Westh H. ( 2007). A new multiplex PCR for easy screening of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus SSCmec types I–V. Clin Microbiol Infect 13:725–727 [CrossRef]
   [Google Scholar]
3. Boyle‐Vavra S., Daum R.S. ( 2007). Community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the role of Panton–Valentine leukocidin. Lab Invest 87:3–9 [CrossRef]
   [Google Scholar]
4. Chambers H.F., Deleo F.R. ( 2009). Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era. Nat Rev Microbiol 7:629–641 [CrossRef]
   [Google Scholar]
5. Chua K., Laurent F., Coombs G., Grayson M.L., Howden B.P. ( 2011). Antimicrobial resistance: not community‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA‐MRSA)! A clinician’s guide to community MRSA – its evolving antimicrobial resistance and implications for therapy. Clin Infecs Dis 52:99–114 [CrossRef]
   [Google Scholar]
6. CLSI( 2013). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; 23rd Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100‐S23 Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute;
   [Google Scholar]
7. Cookson B.D., Robinson D.A., Monk A.B., Murchan S., Deplano A., de Ryck R., Struelens M.J., Scheel C., Fussing V. other authors( 2007). Evaluation of molecular typing methods in characterizing a European collection of epidemic methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains: the HARMONY collection. J Clin Microbiol 45:1830–1837 [CrossRef]
   [Google Scholar]
8. David M.Z., Daum R.S. ( 2010). Community‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology and clinical consequences of an emerging epidemic. Clin Microbiol Rev 23:616–687 [CrossRef]
   [Google Scholar]
9. Enright M.C., Day N.P., Davies C.E., Peacock S.J., Spratt B.G. ( 2000). Multilocus sequence typing for characterization of methicillin‐resistant and methicillin‐susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus . J Clin Microbiol 38:1008–1015
   [Google Scholar]
10. Liassine N., Auckenthaler R., Descombes M.C., Bes M., Vandenesch F., Etienne J. ( 2004). Community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Switzerland contains the Panton–Valentine leukocidin or exfoliative toxin genes. J Clin Microbiol 42:825–828 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
11. Monecke S., Coombs G., Shore A.C., Coleman D.C., Akpaka P., Borg M., Chow H., Ip M., Jatzwauk L. other authors( 2011). A field guide to pandemic, epidemic and sporadic clones of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus . PloS One 6:e17936 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
12. Monecke S., Luedicke C., Slickers P., Ehricht R. ( 2009). Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in asymptomatic carriers. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infs Dis 28:1159–1165 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
13. Monecke S., Slickers P., Ehricht R. ( 2008). Assignment of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to clonal complexes based on microarray analysis and pattern recognition. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 53:237–251 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
14. Müller‐Premru M., Strommenger B., Alikadic N., Witte W., Friedrich A.W., Seme K., Kucina N.S., Smrke D., Spik V., Gubina M. ( 2005). New strains of community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Panton–Valentine leukocidin causing an outbreak of severe soft tissue infection in a football team. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infs Dis 24:848–850 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
15. Oliveira D.C., Tomasz A., de Lencastre H. ( 2002). Secrets of success of a human pathogen: molecular evolution of pandemic clones of meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. . Lancet Infect Dis 2:180–189 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
16. Otter J.A., French G.L. ( 2010). Molecular epidemiology of community‐associated meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe. Lancet Infect Dis 10:227–239 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
17. Prosperi M., Veras N., Azarian T., Rathore M., Nolan D., Rand K., Cook R.L., Johnson J., Morris J.G., Salemi M. ( 2013). Molecular epidemiology of community‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the genomic era: a cross‐sectional study. Sci Rep 3:1902
    [Google Scholar]
18. Rolo J., Miragaia M., Turlej‐Rogacka A., Empel J., Bouchami O., Faria N.A., Tavares A., Hryniewicz W., Fluit A.C. other authors( 2012). High genetic diversity among community‐associated Staphylococcus aureus in Europe: results from a multicenter study. PloS One 7:e34768 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
19. Sax H., Posfay‐Barbe K., Harbarth S., Francois P., Touveneau S., Pessoa‐Silva C.L., Schrenzel J., Dharan S., Gervaix A., Pittet D. ( 2006). Control of a cluster of community‐associated, methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in neonatology. J Hosp Inf 63:93–100 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
20. Sola C., Paganini H., Egea A.L., Moyano A.J., Garnero A., Kevric I., Culasso C., Vindel A., Lopardo H., Bocco J.L. ( 2012). Spread of epidemic MRSA‐ST5‐IV clone encoding PVL as a major cause of community onset staphylococcal infections in Argentinean children. PLoS One 7:e30487 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
21. Stryjewski M.E., Chambers H.F. ( 2008). Skin and soft‐tissue infections caused by community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Clin Inf Dis 46:S368–S377 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
22. Valsesia G., Rossi M., Bertschy S., Pfyffer G.E. ( 2010). Emergence of SCCmec type IV and SCCmec type V methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus containing the Panton–Valentine leukocidin genes in a large academic teaching hospital in central Switzerland: external invaders or persisting circulators?. J Clin Microbiol 48:720–727 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
23. Wilson J., Conly J., Wong T., Jayaraman G., Sargeant J., Papadopoulos A., Young V., Quist‐Moyer M., Bauer S. ( 2010). Strategies to control community‐associated antimicrobial resistance among enteric bacteria and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Canada – executive summary. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 21:133–137
    [Google Scholar]