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Volume 7,
Issue 1-2,
1952
Volume 7, Issue 1-2, 1952
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A Simple and Inexpensive Microforge
More LessSUMMARY: A microforge is necessary for fashioning the glass tools used in micromanipulation. A simple method of improvising one from a microscope, an eye-cautery and a micromanipulator is described. Its design is based on that of the de Fonbrune microforge. It is capable of the same movements, and the methods of working described for that instrument can be followed.
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The Immunizing Antigens of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The Role of the l-Antigen
More LessSUMMARY: Vaccines were prepared by formolizing cultures of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and precipitating with aluminium hydroxide gel (AG). Fifty per cent of mice were protected against about a thousand lethal doses. Two (Ru and VYS) of eleven strains yielded highly potent vaccines.
Serum in the medium increased the potency of vaccines and for one of the strains liver extract was needed in the medium to give potent vaccines. In general, vaccines protected well against heterologous strains but protection was relatively poor against one of these.
A soluble antigen present in culture fluids induced in rabbits antibodies protecting mice and agglutinating suspensions of E. rhusiopathiae grown in the presence of serum. This soluble antigen was thermo-labile. In these respects it resembles the L-antigen, differing only in being detached from the surface of cells. Soluble antigen was precipitated with AG, yielding fairly good vaccines. Cells freed from media were also precipitated, yielding rather better vaccines. It is suggested that cells yield vaccines of high potency when they have produced and retained a relatively large amount of L-antigen.
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Occurrence of a Common Type Antigen in Streptococci of Groups D and N
More LessSUMMARY: A streptococcus reacting with both group D and group N specific antisera was found to belong to group D; the reaction with the group N serum was shown by reciprocal absorption tests to be due to a common type antigen. Two group D strains were encountered having this antigen; both were identified as Streptococcus faecium. The group N strain possessing this same antigen was Streptococcus lactis. It proved to have at least one other type antigen, also found in another strain of Strep. lactis which was not serologically identical. Two antigenic variants were present in cultures of this organism; one possessed all the type antigens characterizing this strain the other had only one. Attempts to cause further dissociation or reversion were not successful.
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