- Volume 18, Issue 3, 1958
Volume 18, Issue 3, 1958
- Article
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The Growth of Brucella abortus Strain 19 in Aerated Dialysed media
More LessSummary: An apparatus for growing Brucella abortus in a dialysed medium in an aerated cellophan tube is described from which 500 ml. of culture of strain 19 having a density of 7 to 10 × 1011 organisms/ml., equivalent to 50–70 g. dry weight of organ-isms/I. could be harvested every 3 days.
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Reversible Changes in Strains of Tobacco Mosaic Virus from Leguminous Plants
More LessSummary: Strains of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) obtained from systemically-infected leguminous plants in Nigeria and India changed their properties greatly when propagated in different hosts. From systemically-infected tobacco, they closely resemble type TMV and share many antigens with it, but from systemically-infected French bean, they differ from it by at least as much as any previously described strains. The different forms of the viruses share few antigens, have different amino acid constitutions, electrophoretic behaviour and resistance to inactivation by ultraviolet radiation, and they produce different kinds of local lesion in Nicotiana gluti-nosa. Isolates derived from single local lesions behave like the original bulk cultures, and as the changes are also reversible they seem unlikely to occur simply because different hosts select different strains from existing mixtures. The electrophoretic patterns, particularly of preparations from beans, show that infected plants contain more than one anomalous product; both forms of the viruses may be produced in all hosts, but there is no evidence that sap from systemically-infected beans contains the tobacco forms in amounts needed to cause infection. The change after transfer to a new host apparently occurs because mutants produced in that host are favoured over the infecting form because they move more readily and become systemic. The bean forms multiply more extensively in tobacco at above 30° than at 20° and above 30° seem not to produce forms that give a systemic mosaic; many tobacco plants at 20° develop only local lesions, and systemic infection, indicating the occurrence of the tobacco forms, happens more often in young seedlings than when mature plants are inoculated.
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The Action of Chloramphenicol on Protein and Nucleic Acid Synthesis by Escherichia coli Strain B
More LessSummary: Growth-inhibitory concentrations of chloramphenicol caused a prompt inhibition of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli strain B. This inhibition was accompanied by alteration in nucleic acid synthesis from a logarithmic to a linear rate, and by the excretion into the medium of free purine and pyrimidine bases, three of which were identified as guanine, hypoxanthine and uracil. At slightly lower concentrations the antibiotic caused a slight stimulation of nucleic acid synthesis.
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‘Streptococcus bombycis’, its Taxonomy and Pathoǵenicity for Silkworm Caterpillars
More LessSUMMARY: It was found that the streptococci known as Streptococcus bombycis have affinities with Streptococcus faecalis and S. faecium. S. bombycis is not a well- defined species and its entity is doubtful; it is proposed, therefore, that the name S. bombycis and its synonyms, which are given, be rejected. These streptococci are pathogenic for the silkworm, causing a disease of the gut. The mechanism of the pathogenicity is discussed.
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The Transfer of Motility and Tyrosine Requirement to Escherichia coli Strain B by Recombination with E. coli Strain K12
More LessSUMMARY: Motile recombinants may be obtained by crossing Escherichia colt strain K12, F +, with the non-flagellated strain E. coli strain B, F −. The flagella of the recombinants have the same antigenic pattern as those of the F + parent and the locus controlling motility is linked to loci controlling tyrosine requirement and fermentation of arabinose and galactose (gal 5).
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