- Volume 144, Issue 3, 1998
Volume 144, Issue 3, 1998
- Physiology And Growth
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Kluyveromyces marxianus flocculence and growth at high temperature is dependent on the presence of the protein p37
More LessA Kluyveromyces marxianus mutant deficient in p37, a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)-like protein, was obtained and characterized with respect to flocculation behaviour, resistance to temperatures above the optimum for growth, morphology, growth, calcofluor white sensitivity and GAPDH activity. In YPD media, the mutant cells were unable to flocculate and were thermosensitive. However, this thermosensitivity could be overcome by the presence of calcium. Calcofluor white was toxic to the mutant, indicating that the mutation affects cell wall structure. The contribution of p37 to total GAPDH activity was 25% when cells were using glucose as carbon source and 50% when cells were growing in 3% ethanol. These results indicate that p37 is likely to be involved in thermotolerance and flocculation, which can be related to its contribution to cell wall integrity.
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Thigmotropism and stretch-activated channels in the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans
More LessThe direction of growth of hyphae of the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans responds thigmotropically to surface contours by following scratches, ridges and grooves and by penetrating pores. Here it is shown that the thigmotropic response to ridges is attenuated by GdCl3 and verapamil [blockers of stretch-activated (SA) ion channels and L-type calcium channels, respectively]. At low concentrations, both compounds reduced the percentage of hyphae reorienting on contact with a ridge without markedly affecting hyphal extension rate, suggesting a possible role for SA or other calcium channels in the transduction of the thigmotropic response. In addition, patch-clamp recordings demonstrated SA channel activity in the plasma membrane of both yeast and hyphal cells of C. albicans. Two distinct SA channels with conductances of 54 pS and 20-25 pS in 200 mM KCI were observed in protoplasts from yeast cells and one channel of 51 pS was found in protoplasts from hyphal cells.
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- Genome Analysis
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A 28 kbp segment from the spoVM region of the Bacillus subtilis 168 genome
More LessThe sequence of a 28 kbp segment of DNA surrounding the spoVM gene of Bacillus subtilis 168 (lying at approximately 145 on the standard genetic map) has been determined. The region contains 27 ORFs, a number of which have predicted products significantly similar to proteins in sequence databases, particularly to proteins involved in macromolecular synthesis of nucleic acids, proteins and phospholipids. A pair of closely linked genes encode a likely serine protein phosphatase and a serine protein kinase, respectively. Such proteins play important regulatory roles in eukaryotic cells but are rare in prokaryotes.
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Determination of a 15437 bp nucleotide sequence around the inhA gene of Mycobacterium avium and similarity analysis of the products of putative ORFs
More LessA 15437 bp region encompassing the inhA locus from the Mycobacterium avium chromosome was cloned and sequenced. From the sequencing data generated and the results of homology searches, the primary structure of this region was determined. This region contains four known genes (acnA, fabG, inhA and hemH) and two genes, invA and invB, whose products display homology with p60 invasion protein of Listeria monocytogenes. Six proteins encoded by putative ORFs contained an RGD motif (often involved in binding to macrophage integrins), while ORF1 and MoxR are probably transcriptional regulators. The rest of the putative products encoded by ORFs in the sequenced region showed little homology with the proteins contained in the databases and were considered to be unknown proteins.
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