- Volume 134, Issue 10, 1988
Volume 134, Issue 10, 1988
- Systematics
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DNA Base Composition and Homology Values in the Classification of Some Rhodococcus Species
More LessSimilar DNA homology values were recorded when a modified S1 nuclease technique and a standard nitrocellulose membrane filter method were applied to representative strains of Rhodococcus. The DNA homology data showed that R. globerulus, R. luteus and R. sputi form distinct genomic species. The congruence between the DNA homology and earlier numerical phenetic data was good, but there was evidence that some strains had been misclassified in the previous studies. In particular, the type strains of R. obuensis and R. sputi belong to a single genomic species. The former name is thus a later, subjective synonym of the latter. The guanine plus cytosine content of the DNA of the rhodococci fell within the range 61 to 72 mol%.
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β-Subunit of ATP-synthase: a Useful Marker for Studying the Phylogenetic Relationship of Eubacteria
More LessThe genes encoding the β-subunits of ATP-synthases (ATPases) from Bacteroides fragilis DSM 2151, Cytophaga lytica DSM 2039 and Taxeobacter ocellatus were cloned. The nucleotide sequences were determined completely for the genes of the first two organisms and to a major part for that of ‘T. ocellatus’. The predicted amino acid sequences were compared with previously published amino acid sequences of β-subunits. Two characteristic insertions were found in genes from organisms belonging to the so-called bacteroides-cytophaga-flavo-bacterium group. The remaining structure shows a high degree of sequence similarity within this group. These data support the conclusions drawn from comparative 16S rRNA sequence analyses that organisms in this phenotypically heterogeneous group are phylogenetically related. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on a distance matrix of optimally aligned amino acid sequences of β-subunits of ATPases of various eubacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria. It is in good agreement with a tree derived from 16S rRNA sequence analyses.
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Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry as a Method for Inter-strain Discrimination of Candida albicans
More LessA claim that Candida albicans strains NCPF 3153 and B311 were identical was investigated. Authentic strains were shown to be distinct (P < 0·1%) by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (Py-MS). Of twelve strains, provided as clones of NCPF 3153, seven were authenticated, one yielded an equivocal result and four were distinct from both NCPF 3153 and B311. Of eight B311 clones, six were authenticated and two yielded equivocal results. Although five non-C. albicans yeast strains were identified as distinct from B311 and NCPF 3153, Torulopsis glabrata NCPF 3240 was identified as B311, and one clinical isolate of C. albicans as NCPF 3153. This could be explained by the specificity of the mathematical analysis for discrimination between the authentic strains.
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Taxonomic Relationships of Cryptococcus and Tremella Based on Fatty Acid Composition and Other Phenotypic Characters
More LessThe cellular long-chain fatty acids present in 33 strains, representing 15 species of Cryptococcus, and 4 species of Tremella, were determined by gas chromatography. According to the relative amounts of fatty acid methyl esters, the Cryptococcus species studied were divided into four main groups. Possible relationships between species representing the two genera are presented in a new model, where cellular long-chain fatty acid compositions and other phenotypic characteristics are included.
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