- Volume 127, Issue 2, 1981
Volume 127, Issue 2, 1981
- Physiology And Growth
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The Dehalogenase Complement of a Soil Pseudomonad Grown in Closed and Open Cultures on Haloalkanoic Acids
More LessPseudomonas sp. strain E4 was grown in continuous-flow culture with either monochloroacetate (MCA) or 2-monochloropropionate (2MCPA) as the growth-limiting substrate. In contrast to previous observations made for this organism grown in closed culture on 2MCPA, a third dehalogenase was detected under certain growth conditions, as well as dehalogenases I and II. The response of Pseudomonas sp. strain E4, in terms of its enzyme complement, varied depending on the organism’s growth rate and the nature of the growth-limiting substrate. With MCA as the growth-limiting substrate, dehalogenases II and III were only detected in slowly growing organisms. With 2MCPA as growth-limiting substrate, the responses were more variable and complex. The overall dehalogenase activities also depended on the growth rate and substrate limitation, with higher dehalogenation rates found in organisms growing slowly with MCA limitation compared with 2MCPA limitation. In fast growing organisms the relative rates of dehalogenation were reversed for the two limitations.
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- Short Communications
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Protoplasts in the in vivo Life Cycle of Erynia neoaphidis
More LessThe entomogenous fungus Erynia neoaphidis formed protoplasts within the body of its aphid host, Acyrthosiphon pisum. The protoplasts were filamentous, irregular, oval or amoeboid. Their ultrastructure differed from that of walled cells of the fungus: protoplasts had smaller mitochondria and more stacked, rough endoplasmic reticulum, their plasma membrane had a thin, fibrous coat on the exoplasmic surface, and they lacked the electron-dense bodies present in walled cells. Invaginations of the protoplast plasma membrane suggest that the protoplasts feed by pinocytosis.
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ATP: Citrate Lyase - The Regulatory Enzyme for Lipid Biosynthesis in Lipomyces starkeyi?
More LessATP: citrate lyase from Lipomyces starkeyi was inhibited by oleoyl-CoA (50% inhibition at approx. 3 μm) and other long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters but not by other fatty acyl compounds. The inhibition was readily reversed by adding bovine serum albumin. The molecular size of the protein was not altered even in the presence of 200 μm-oleoyl-CoA. It is concluded that this is a genuine feedback inhibition effect which may be significant in regulating the amount of triacylglycerol being produced by an oleaginous yeast.
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The Halophilic Properties of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
More LessThe halophilic properties of 18 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, including the type strain, were studied. The ability of the strains to grow in 0·1 % trypticase containing isomolar concentrations of 10 different salts was tested. The results indicate that V. parahaemolyticus is capable of growing equally well in media containing salts other than NaCl and that it has no specific requirements for Na+ or Cl−.
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- Taxonomy
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A Numerical Taxonomic Study of Members of the Actinomycetaceae and Related Taxa
More LessTwo hundred and twenty-two representatives of the Actinomycetaceae and related taxa, including reference cultures, received strains and fresh isolates, were tested using 124 unit characters. The data were examined using numerical taxonomic techniques with various coefficients and average linkage clustering; the variation in composition of the clusters obtained from the different coefficients was slight. Most species included in the study formed discrete phena, which exhibited good differential characters. Actinomyces israelii was particularly well-defined and A. naeslundii and A. viscosus, although grouping together, did show divergence in several test results. Actinomyces bovis was initially linked with representatives of genera other than Actinomyces, these being Bifidobacterium, Corynebacterium pyogenes and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The strains of Bacterionema matruchotii and Rothia dentocariosa formed tight distinct clusters associated only at low similarity levels with other members of the family Actinomycetaceae. The Arachnia propionica phenon, although well-defined, appeared to consist of two subclusters which could be assigned to serotypes 1 and 2. Tests which may be useful in identification are tabulated and the relationships between the various taxa are discussed.
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