1887

Abstract

must overcome a variety of stress conditions in the host digestive tract to cause foodborne infections. The alternative sigma factor , encoded by , is responsible for regulating transcription of several virulence and stress-response genes, including genes that contribute to establishment of gastrointestinal infections. A quantitative RT-PCR assay was used to measure mRNA transcript accumulation for the virulence genes and , the stress-response genes and (encoding a carnitine transporter and an oxidoreductase, respectively) and the housekeeping gene . Assays were conducted on mid-exponential phase cells exposed to conditions reflecting osmotic (0·3 M NaCl) or acid (pH 4·5) conditions typical for the human intestinal lumen. In exponential-phase cells, as well as under osmotic and acid stress, , and showed significantly lower absolute expression levels in a Δ null mutant compared to wild-type. A statistical model that normalized target gene expression relative to showed that accumulation of , and transcripts was significantly increased in the wild-type strain within 5 min of acid and osmotic stress exposure; transcript accumulation increased significantly only after acid exposure. It was concluded that is essential for rapid induction of the tested stress-response and virulence genes under conditions typically encountered during gastrointestinal passage. As , and are critical for gastrointestinal infections in animal models, the data also suggest that contributes to the ability of to cause foodborne infections.

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2004-11-01
2024-12-08
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