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Volume 150, Issue 4

Bile-salt-mediated induction of antimicrobial and bile resistance in Free

Abstract

By DNA microarray, the operon was identified as being bile-activated. Transcriptional assays confirm that is activated in the presence of bile and that this response is concentration-dependent. The bile salt deoxycholate is alone able to activate transcription, while there was no response in the presence of other bile salts tested or a non-ionic detergent. Deoxycholate is able to interact with MarR and interfere with its ability to bind to the operator. In addition, incubation of salmonellae in the presence of sublethal concentrations of bile is able to enhance resistance to chloramphenicol and bile, by means of both -dependent and -independent pathways. To further characterize putative -regulated genes that may be important for the resistance phenotype, , which encodes an efflux pump, was analysed. In , is required for bile resistance, but while transcription of is activated by bile, this activation is independent of , as well as Rob, RpoS or PhoP–PhoQ. These data suggest that bile interacts with salmonellae to increase resistance to bile and other antimicrobials and that this can occur by - and -dependent pathways that function independently with respect to bile activation.

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  • Accepted:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): Cm, chloramphenicol
SGM
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2004-04-01
2024-04-25
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Bile-salt-mediated induction of antimicrobial and bile resistance in Salmonella typhimurium
Microbiology 150, 775 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26769-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26769-0
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