1887

Microbiology Society logo

Volume 150, Issue 5

Strains of vary in the phenotypic adaptation of their membrane lipid composition in response to low water activity, reduced temperature and growth in rice starch Free

Abstract

The phenotypic adaptation of membrane lipids in seven strains of the food-poisoning bacterium , isolated from Bangladeshi rice, is reported in relation to their ability to grow under conditions of low water activity ( ), reduced temperature and the presence of soluble rice starch. The strains have different membrane phospholipid head-group and fatty acyl compositions, and they display individual differences in their responses to both low and reduced temperature. The extent of the increase in anionic membrane lipids in response to low varies from strain to strain, is solute specific and in one strain does not occur. Growth is stimulated by the presence of soluble rice starch and results in a large rise in the proportion of diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) at the expense of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), without any change in the proportion of total anionic phospholipids. Growth at 15 °C compared with 37 °C increases the proportions of DPG and phosphatidylethanolamine at the expense of PG. At the lower temperature there are changes in phospholipid fatty acyl composition characteristic of those expected to maintain membrane fluidity, including increases in the amount of total branched fatty acids and the anteiso-/iso-branched ratio, and a decrease in the equivalent chain-length, but there are strain differences in how those changes were achieved. In contrast to some other bacilli, there are persistent large increases in the proportions of unsaturated fatty acyl chains in phospholipids during growth at 15 °C.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): aw, water activity , DPG, diphosphatidylglycerol , FAME, fatty acid methyl ester , PE, phosphatidylethanolamine and PG, phosphatidylglycerol
SGM
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26767-0
2004-05-01
2024-12-03
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/150/5/mic1501397.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26767-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bligh E. G., Dyer W. J. 1959; A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:911–917 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bulla L. A., Bennett J. R. G. A., Shotwell O. L. 1970; Physiology of the spore-forming bacteria associated with insects. II. Lipids of vegetative cells. J Bacteriol 104:1246–1253
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Cleveland R. F., Wicken A. J., Daneo-Moore L., Shockman G. D. 1976; Inhibition of wall autolysis in Streptococcus faecalis by lipoteichoic acid and lipids. J Bacteriol 126:192–197
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Clowes R. C., Hayes W. 1968; Appendix A, media. In Experiments in Microbial GeneticsEdited by Clowes R. C., Hayes W. Oxford: Blackwell;
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Cummings S. P., Russell N. J. 1996; Osmoregulatory responses in bacteria isolated from fresh or composted olive-mill waste waters. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 12:61–67 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Fulco A. J. 1984; Regulation and pathways of membrane lipid biosynthesis in bacilli. In Biomembranes vol. 12 pp. 303–327Edited by Kates M., Manson L. New York & London: Plenum;
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Granum P. E. 1994; Bacillus cereus and its toxins. J Appl Bacteriol 76 :suppl615–665
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Haque M. A. 2002 Characterisation of Bacillus cereus strains in Bangladeshi rice PhD thesis. University of London; UK:
  9. Harwood J. L., Russell N. J. 1984 Lipids in Plants and Microbes London: George Allen and Unwin;
  10. Heath R. J., Jackowski S., Rock C. O. 2002; Fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism in prokaryotes. In Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Membranes pp. 55–92Edited by Vance D. E., Vance J. E. Amsterdam: Elsevier;
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Houtsmuller U. M. T., van Deenen L. L. M. 1963; Identification of a bacterial phospholipid as an O-ornithine ester of phosphatidylglycerol. Biochim Biophys Acta 70:211–213 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Jones C. E., Murphy P. J., Russell N. J. 2000; Diversity and osmoregulatory responses of bacteria isolated from two-phase olive oil extraction waste products. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 16:555–561 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Kaneda T. 1967; Fatty acids in the genus Bacillus. I. Iso- and anteiso-fatty acids are characteristic constituents of lipids in 10 species. J Bacteriol 93:894–903
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Kaneda T. 1968; Fatty acids in the genus Bacillus. II. Similarity in the fatty acid compositions of Bacillus thuringiensis,Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus. J Bacteriol 95:2210–2216
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Kaneda T. 1969; Fatty acids in Bacillus larvae,Bacillus lentimorbus and Bacillus popilliae. J Bacteriol 98:143–146
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Kaneda T. 1972; Positional preferences of fatty acids in phospholipids of Bacillus cereus and its relation to growth temperature. Biochim Biophys Acta 280:297–305 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Kanemasa Y., Yoshioka T., Hayashi H. 1972; Alteration of the phospholipid composition of Staphylococcus aureus cultured in medium containing NaCl. Biochim Biophys Acta 280:444–450 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Kates M. 1986 Techniques of Lipidology Amsterdam: Elsevier;
  19. Lang D. R., Lundgren D. G. 1970; Lipid composition of Bacillus cereus during growth and sporulation. J Bacteriol 101:483–489
     [Google Scholar]
  20. López C. S., Heras H., Ruzal S. M., Sánchez-Rivas C., Rivas E. A. 1998; Variations of the envelope composition of Bacillus subtilis during growth in hyperosmotic medium. Curr Microbiol 36:55–61 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  21. López C. S., Heras H., Garda H., Ruzal S. M., Sánchez-Rivas C., Rivas E. A. 2000; Biochemical and biophysical studies of Bacillus subtilis envelopes under hyperosmotic stress. Int J Food Microbiol 36:137–142
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Macdonald B. M., Sykes B. D., McElhaney R. N. 1985; Fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of lipid fatty acyl chain order and dynamics in Acholeplasma laidlawii B membranes. Gel-state disorder in the presence of methyl iso and anteiso branched-chain substituents. Biochemistry 24:2412–2419 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Miller K. J. 1985; Effects of temperature and sodium chloride concentration on the phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of a halotolerant Planococcus sp. J Bacteriol 162:263–270
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Monteoliva-Sanchez M., Ramos-Cormenzana A. 1987; Cellular fatty acid composition of Planococcus halophilus NRCC 14033 as affected by growth temperature and salt concentration. Curr Microbiol 15:133–136 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Nichols G. L., Little C. L., Mithani V., de Louvis J. 1999; The microbiological quality of cooked rice from restaurants and take-away premises in the United Kingdom. J Food Prot 62:877–882
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Ntougias S., Russell N. J. 2001; Alkalibacterium olivoapovliticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new obligately alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from edible-olive wash-waters. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1161–1170 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Russell N. J. 1984; Mechanisms of thermal adaptation in bacteria: blueprints for survival. Trends Biochem Sci 9:108–112 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Russell N. J. 1989; Adaptive modifications in membranes of halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms. J Bioenerg Biomembr 21:93–113 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Russell N. J. 1990; Cold adaptation of microorganisms. Philos Trans Roy Soc London B326:595–611
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Russell N. J. 1993; Lipids of halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms. In the Biology of Halophilic Bacteria pp. 163–210Edited by Vreeland R. H., Hochstein L. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Russell N. J., Kates M., Kogut M. 1985; Phospholipid biosynthesis in a moderately halophilic bacterium, Vibrio costicola, during adaptation to changing salt concentrations. J Gen Microbiol 131:781–789
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Sutton G. C., Russell N. J., Quinn P. J. 1990; The effect of salinity on the phase behaviour of purified phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol isolated from a moderately halophilic eubacterium. Chem Phys Lipids 56:135–147 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Sutton G. C., Russell N. J., Quinn P. J. 1991; The effect of salinity on the phase behaviour of total lipid extracts and bilayer mixtures of the major phospholipids isolated from a moderately halophilic eubacterium. Biochim Biophys Acta 1061:235–246 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Vasilenko I., de Kruijff B., Verkleij A. J. 1982; Polymorphic phase behaviour of cardiolipin from bovine heart and from Bacillus subtilis as detected by 31P NMR and freeze-fracture techniques. Biochim Biophys Acta 689:282–286
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26767-0
Loading
Strains of Bacillus cereus vary in the phenotypic adaptation of their membrane lipid composition in response to low water activity, reduced temperature and growth in rice starch
Microbiology 150, 1397 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26767-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26767-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26767-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error