1887

Abstract

The isoleucine and valine biosynthetic enzyme acetolactate synthase (Ilv2p) is an attractive antifungal drug target, since the isoleucine and valine biosynthetic pathway is not present in mammals, Δ mutants do not survive , mutants are avirulent, and both and mutants die upon isoleucine and valine starvation. To further explore the potential of Ilv2p as an antifungal drug target, we disrupted , and demonstrated that Δ mutants were significantly attenuated in virulence, and were also profoundly starvation-cidal, with a greater than 100-fold reduction in viability after only 4 h of isoleucine and valine starvation. As fungicidal starvation would be advantageous for drug design, we explored the basis of the starvation-cidal phenotype in both and Δ mutants. Since the mutation of , required for the first step of isoleucine biosynthesis, did not suppress the Δ starvation-cidal defects in either species, the cidal phenotype was not due to -ketobutyrate accumulation. We found that starvation for isoleucine alone was more deleterious in than in , and starvation for valine was more deleterious than for isoleucine in both species. Interestingly, while the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway inhibitor rapamycin further reduced Δ starvation viability, it increased Δ and Δ viability. Furthermore, the recovery from starvation was dependent on the carbon source present during recovery for Δ mutants, reminiscent of isoleucine and valine starvation inducing a viable but non-culturable-like state in this species, while Δ and Δ viability was influenced by the carbon source present during starvation, supporting a role for glucose wasting in the cidal phenotype.

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2010-03-01
2024-12-14
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