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Volume 171, Issue 11

Siderophores and secondary metabolites produced by Open Access

Abstract

is a white-rot wood-degrading basidiomycete of ecological, biotechnological and medicinal interest. In addition to its role in lignin degradation, it produces bioactive metabolites with reported antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. However, the mechanisms of iron acquisition, including siderophore-mediated pathways, remain poorly characterized in species. Improved understanding of these systems is essential to elucidate their contributions to fungal physiology, secondary metabolism and ecological adaptation. In this study, the genome of was sequenced for the first time and screened for genes that may be involved in the production of secondary metabolites. A gene cluster was identified as potentially involved in iron uptake. In particular, genes related to non-ribosomal peptide synthetases were detected next to a gene encoding a monooxygenase and indicated a potential hydroxamate-family siderophore. Liquid chromatography (LC)-ES-MS analysis of secondary metabolites secreted by into the growth medium under iron-limiting conditions revealed a group of previously undescribed siderophores. Genome and MS/MS analysis suggested that these structures might be related to the coprinoferrin family of siderophores. Aside from siderophores, the genome and LC-MS analysis revealed to be a prolific producer of a variety of triterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, in agreement with previous findings. This is the first description of the genome sequence of and its siderophores.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): fungal-genome , Ganoderma , iron , Siderophores and terpenes
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Joint Genome Institute
    • Principal Award Recipient: CarolinaReyes
© 2025 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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2025-11-14
2025-12-06

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Siderophores and secondary metabolites produced by Ganoderma adspersum
Microbiology 171, 001621 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001621
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001621
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001621
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