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Volume 169, Issue 5

Role of bacterial efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance, virulence, and strategies to discover novel efflux pump inhibitors Open Access

This article is part of the Antimicrobial Efflux collection

Abstract

The problem of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria has reached a crisis level. The treatment options against infections caused by multiple drug-resistant bacteria are shrinking gradually. The current pace of the discovery of new antibacterial entities is lagging behind the rate of development of new resistance. Efflux pumps play a central role in making a bacterium resistant to multiple antibiotics due to their ability to expel a wide range of structurally diverse compounds. Besides providing an escape from antibacterial compounds, efflux pumps are also involved in bacterial stress response, virulence, biofilm formation, and altering host physiology. Efflux pumps are unique yet challenging targets for the discovery of novel efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). EPIs could help rejuvenate our currently dried pipeline of antibacterial drug discovery. The current article highlights the recent developments in the field of efflux pumps, challenges faced during the development of EPIs and potential approaches for their development. Additionally, this review highlights the utility of resources such as natural products and machine learning to expand our EPIs arsenal using these latest technologies.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): AcrAB-TolC , antibacterial adjuvants , Antibiotic resistance , efflux pump , EPI and machine learning
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance (Award TIA-1815-BIO)
    • Principle Award Recipient: RanjanaPathania
© 2023 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The Microbiology Society waived the open access fees for this article.
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2023-05-24
2024-04-25
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http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001333
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Role of bacterial efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance, virulence, and strategies to discover novel efflux pump inhibitors
Microbiology 169, 001333 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001333
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001333
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001333
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