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Volume 168, Issue 5

Bacterial protein secretion systems: Game of types Open Access

This article is part of the Bacterial Cell Envelopes collection.

Abstract

Protein trafficking across the bacterial envelope is a process that contributes to the organisation and integrity of the cell. It is the foundation for establishing contact and exchange between the environment and the cytosol. It helps cells to communicate with one another, whether they establish symbiotic or competitive behaviours. It is instrumental for pathogenesis and for bacteria to subvert the host immune response. Understanding the formation of envelope conduits and the manifold strategies employed for moving macromolecules across these channels is a fascinating playground. The diversity of the nanomachines involved in this process logically resulted in an attempt to classify them, which is where the protein secretion system types emerged. As our knowledge grew, so did the number of types, and their rightful nomenclature started to be questioned. While this may seem a semantic or philosophical issue, it also reflects scientific rigour when it comes to assimilating findings into textbooks and science history. Here I give an overview on bacterial protein secretion systems, their history, their nomenclature and why it can be misleading for newcomers in the field. Note that I do not try to suggest a new nomenclature. Instead, I explore the reasons why naming could have escaped our control and I try to reiterate basic concepts that underlie protein trafficking cross membranes.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): bacteria-host interaction , bacterial cell envelope , bacterial competition , bacterial virulence , Gram-negative bacteria and membrane
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Medical Research Council (Award MR/S02316X/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: AlainAM FILLOUX
© 2022 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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Bacterial protein secretion systems: Game of types
Microbiology 168, 001193 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001193
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