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Volume 168, Issue 3

Intra-macrophage expression of ArtAB toxin gene in Free

Abstract

subspecies serovar Typhimurium (. Typhimurium) definitive phage type 104 (DT104), . Worthington, and produce ArtAB toxin, which catalyses ADP-ribosylation of pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein. ArtAB gene () is encoded on a prophage in , and prophage induction by SOS-inducing agents is associated with increases in ArtAB production . However, little is known about the expression of . Here, we showed a significant increase in transcription of DT104 within macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. Intracellular expression of ArtAB was also observed by immunofluorescence staining. The induced expression of in DT104 and was enhanced by treatment of RAW264.7 cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, such induction was not observed in . Worthington. Upregulation of , a major regulator of oxidative stress, and a repressor of prophage induction, was observed in . Worthington within RAW264.7 cells treated with PMA but not in the DT104 strain. Although the expression of was increased, was upregulated in which lacks the gene in the incomplete -encoded prophage. Taken together, oxidative stress plays a role in the production of toxins in macrophages, and high expression levels of and are responsible for the low expression of . Therefore, strain variation in the level of expression within macrophages could be explained by differences in the oxidative stress response of bacteria and might be reflected in its virulence.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): ArtAB , intra-macrophage expression , oxyR , pertussis-like toxin , ROS and Salmonella
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • KAKENHI (Award 18K06001)
    • Principle Award Recipient: IkuoUchida
© 2022 The Authors
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2022-03-25
2024-04-24
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Intra-macrophage expression of ArtAB toxin gene in Salmonella
Microbiology 168, 001152 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001152
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001152
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.001152
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