Mycobacterial phenolic glycolipid synthesis is regulated by cAMP-dependent lysine acylation of FadD22 Free

Abstract

The mycobacterial cell envelope is unique in its chemical composition, and has an important role to play in pathogenesis. Phthiocerol dimycocerosates (PDIMs) and glycosylated phenolphthiocerol dimycocerosates, also known as phenolic glycolipids (PGLs), contribute significantly to the virulence of . FadD22 is essential for PGL biosynthesis. We have recently shown that FadD22 is a substrate for lysine acylation by a unique cAMP-dependent, protein lysine acyltransferase found only in mycobacteria. The lysine residue that is acylated is at the active site of FadD22. Therefore, acylation is likely to inhibit FadD22 activity and reduce PGL biosynthesis. Here, we show accumulation of PGLs in a strain of BCG deleted for the gene encoding the cAMP-dependent acyltransferase, , with no change seen in PDIM synthesis. Complementation using KAT mutants that are deficient in cAMP-binding or acyltransferase activity shows that PGL accumulation is regulated by cAMP-dependent protein acylation . Expression of FadD22 and KAT mutants in confirmed that FadD22 is a substrate for lysine acylation by KAT. We have therefore described a mechanism by which cAMP can regulate mycobacterial virulence as a result of the ability of this second messenger to modulate critical cell wall components that affect the host immune response.

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2017-03-01
2024-03-29
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