1887

Abstract

, a xylem-limited bacterium transmitted by xylem-fluid-feeding Hemiptera insects, causes economic losses of both woody and herbaceous plant species. A subsp. strain, namely CoDiRO, was recently found to be associated with the ‘olive quick decline syndrome’ in southern Italy (i.e. Apulia region). Recently, some strains intercepted in France from spp. plant cuttings imported from Central and South America were characterized. The introduction of infected plant material from Central America in Apulia was also postulated even though an ad hoc study to confirm this hypothesis is lacking. In the present study, we assessed the complete and draft genome of 27 strains. Through a genome-wide approach, we confirmed the occurrence of three subspecies within , namely , and , and demonstrated the occurrence of a genetic clonal complex of four strains belonging to subspecies which evolved in Central America. The CoDiRO strain displayed 13 SNPs when compared with a strain isolated in Costa Rica from sp. and 32 SNPs when compared with two strains obtained from in Costa Rica. These results support the close relationships of the two strains. The four strains in the clonal complex contain prophage-like genes in their genomes. This study strongly supports the possibility of the introduction of in southern Italy via coffee plants grown in Central America. The data also stress how the current global circulation of agricultural commodities potentially threatens the agrosystems worldwide.

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2016-12-21
2024-03-29
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