Influence of salt on the transcription of the gas-vesicle genes of Haloferax mediterranei and identification of the endogenous transcriptional activator gene Free

Abstract

The transcription of the 14 genes of the gas-vesicle-encoding mc-vac region was investigated, using RNA from 25% and 15% (w/v) salt cultures of the moderately halophilic archaeon . Transcription occurred only from two promoters, located in front of the mc- and mc- genes. In both cultures transcripts spanning the entire mc- transcription unit were formed only during the exponential growth phase. Amounts of these transcripts were larger in the 25% salt culture, in which the 2.0 kb mc- mRNA and large amounts of 1.3 kb and 0.45 kb partial mc- transcripts were also synthesized during the stationary phase. The levels of the mc- transcripts and of the 324 nt mc- mRNA increased in parallel during the stationary phase of the 25% salt culture. Only under these conditions were mRNAs spanning the entire mc- transcription unit observed, and gas-vesicles were formed. Investigation of the influence of the mc- genes on both mc-vac promoters in transformants revealed that by themselves they were nearly inactive. The addition of mc-, however, resulted in a high level of constitutively produced mc- and mc- mRNA, indicating a transcriptional activator function for the mc- product.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-7-1715
1996-07-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/142/7/mic-142-7-1715.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-7-1715&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ausubel F., Brent R., Kingston R., Moore D., Seidman J., Smith J. A., Struhl K. 1988 Current Protocols in Molecular Biology New York: Greene Publishing Associates and Wiley-Interscience;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Damerval T., Houmard J., Guglielmi G., Csiszar K., Tandeau de Marsac N. 1987; A developmentally regulated gvp ABC operon is involved in the formation of gas vesicles in the cyanobacterium Calothrix 7601. Gene 5483–92
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Das Sarma S., Arora P., Lin F., Molinari E., Ru-Siu Yin L. 1994; Wild-type gas vesicle formation requires at least ten genes in the. gvp gene cluster of Halobacterium halobium plasmid pNRClOO. J Bacteriol 1767646–7652
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Englert C. 1992 Struktur und Synthese der Gasvesikel des halophilen Archaeons Haloferax mediterranei. Dissertation Germany: Ludwig- Maximilians-University;
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Englert C., Pfeifer F. 1993; Analysis of gas vesicle gene expression in Haloferax mediterranei reveals that Gvp A and Gvp C are both gas vesicle structural proteins. J Biol Chem 268:9329–9336
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Englert C., Horne M., Pfeifer F. 1990; Expression of the major gas vesicle protein gene in the halophilic archaebacterium Haloferax mediterranei is modulated by salt. Mol Gen Genet 222:225–232
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Englert C., Krüger K., Offner S., Pfeifer F. 1992a; Three different but related gene clusters encoding gas vesicles in halophilic Archaea.. J Mol Biol 227:586–592
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Englert C., Wanner G., Pfeifer F. 1992b; Functional analysis of the gas vesicle gene cluster of the halophilic archaeon Haloferax mediterranei defines the vac-region boundary and suggests a regulatory role for the gvp D gene or its product. Mol Microbiol 6:3543–3550
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Halladay J., Jones J., Lin F., MacDonald B., Das Sarma S. 1993; The rightward gas vesicle operon in Halobacterium plasmid pNRClOO: identification of the gvp A and gvp C gene products by use of antibody probes and genetic analysis of the region downstream of gvp C. J Bacteriol 175:684–692
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hayes P.K., Powell R. S. 1995; The gvp A / C cluster of Anabaena flos-aquae has multiple copies of a gene encoding Gvp A.. Arch Microbiol 164:50–57
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hayes P. K., Buchholz B., Walsby A. E. 1992; Gas vesicles are strengthened by the outer-surface protein, Gvp C.. Arch Microbiol 157:229–234
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Holmes M., Nuttall S., Dyall-Smith M. 1991; Construction and use of halobacterial shuttle vectors and further studies on Haloferax DNA gyrase. J Bacteriol 173:3807–3813
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Horne M., Englert C., Wimmer C., Pfeifer F. 1991; A DNA region of 9 kbp contains all genes necessary for gas vesicle synthesis in halophilic archaebacteria. Mol Microbiol 5:1159–1174
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Jones J. G., Young D. C., 8r Das Sarma S. 1991; Structure and organization of the gas vesicle gene cluster on the Halobacterium halobium plasmid pNRC100. Gene 102:117–122
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Lam W., Doolittle W. F. 1989; Shuttle vectors for the archaebacterium Halobacterium volcanii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:5478–5482
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Murray G.M. 1986; Use of sodiumtrichloracetate and mung bean nuclease to increase sensitivity and precision during transcript mapping. Anal Biochem 158:165–170
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Nasmyth K. 1983; Molecular analysis of cell lineage. Nature 302:670–676
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Offner S., Pfeifer F. 1995; Complementation studies with the gas vesicle-encoding p-vac region of Halobacterium salinarium PHH1 reveal a regulatory role for the p-gvp DE genes. Mol Microbiol 16:9–19
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Offner S., Wanner G., Pfeifer F. 1996; Functional studies of the gvp AC NO operon of Halobacterium salinarium reveal that the Gvp C protein shapes gas vesicles. J Bacteriol 178:2071–2078
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Palmer B., Marinus M. 1994; The dam and dem strains of Escherichia coli - a review. Gene 143:1–12
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Pfeifer F., Ghahraman P. 1993; Plasmid pHHl of Halobacterium salinarium:. characterization of the replicón region, the gas-vesicle gene cluster and insertion elements. Mol Gen Genet 238:193–200
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Pfeifer F., Offner S., Krüger K., Ghahraman P., Englert C. 1994; Transformation of halophilic archaea and investigation of gas vesicle synthesis.. Syst Appl Microbiol 16:569–577
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Rodriguez-Valera F., Juez G., Kushner D. 1983; Halobacterium mediterranei spec, nov., a new carbohydrate-utilizing extreme halophile. Syst Appl Microbiol 4:369–381
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Saraste M., Sibbald P. R., Wittighofer A. 1990; The P-loop - a common motif in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins.. Trends Biochem Sci 15:430–434
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Walsby A.E. 1994; Gas vesicles. Microbiol Rev 58:94–144
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-7-1715
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-7-1715
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed