1887

Abstract

Summary: This paper reports the adaptation of bv. to oxidative stress and the investigation of its overlap with other environmental stress responses. Treatment of bv. cells with low concentrations of either menadione (MD, a superoxide generating agent) or 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB, which depletes GSH levels) induced an adaptive response which resulted in cells becoming resistant to subsequent treatment with high concentrations of these oxidative stress compounds. There was overlap between the adaptive response to MD-generated superoxide stress and the response previously demonstrated in this organism to HO (A. J. Crockford, G. A. Davis & H. D. Williams, 1995, 141, 843-851); pretreatment with HO was protective against cell killing by MD and vice versa. In contrast, similar experiments indicated only a limited overlap between the responses to HO and CDNB-mediated GSH depletion. It was also found that HO, but not MD or CDNB, adaptation protected cells against subsequent osmotic challenge and heat shock. Carbon-starved cells were more resistant to HO and MD killing than exponentially growing cultures, but were more sensitive to CDNB-mediated GSH depletion. Therefore, this work shows that there is a substantial, but incomplete overlap between the responses of to different forms of oxidative and other environmental stresses.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-2-331
1996-02-01
2024-12-12
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/142/2/mic-142-2-331.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-2-331&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Apontoweil P., Berenda W. 1975; Glutathione biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K12. Properties of the enzyme and regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta 399:1–9
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Breedveld M. W., Zevenhuizen L. P. J. M., Zehnder A. J. B. 1990; Osmotically induced oligo- and polysaccharide synthesis by Rhizobium melitoli SU-47. J Gen Microbiol 136:2511–2519
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Breedveld M. W., Ludovicus C. D., Zevenhuizen L. P. T. M., Zehnder A. J. B. 1993; Response of intracellular carbohydrates to a NaCl shock in Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii TA-1 and Rhizobium meliloli SU-47. J Gen Microbiol 139:3157–3163
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Brot N., Weissbach L, Werth J., Weisbach H. 1981; Enzymatic reduction of protein-bound methionine sulfoxide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:2155–2158
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chen H., Gartner E., Rolfe B. G. 1993; Involvement of genes on a megaplasmid in the acid tolerant phenotype of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:1058–1064
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Christman M. F., Morgan R. W., Jacobson F. S., Ames B. N. 1985; Positive control of a regulon for defenses against oxidative stress and some heat-shock proteins in Salmonella typhimurium. Cell 41:753–762
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Christman M. F., Storz G., Ames B. N. 1989; OxyR, a positive regulator of hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, is homologous to a family of bacterial regulatory proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:3484–3488
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Collinson L. P., Dawes I. W. 1992; Inducibility of the response of yeast cells to peroxide stress. J Gen Microbiol 138:329–335
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Crockford A. J., Davis G. A., Williams H. D. 1995; Evidence for cell-density-dependent regulation of catalase activity in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli. Microbiology 141:843–851
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Dalton D. A., Russell S. A., Hanus F. J., Pascoe G. A., Evans H. J. 1986; Enzymatic reactions of ascorbate and glutathione that prevent peroxide damage in soybean root nodules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:3811–3815
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Demple B. 1991; Regulation of bacterial oxidative stress genes. Annu Rev Genet 25:315–337
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Demple B., Halbrook J. 1983; Inducible repair of oxidative DNA damage in Escherichia coli. Nature 304:466–468
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Demple B., Linn S. 1982; 5,6-Saturated thymine lesions in DNA production by ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide. Nucleic Acids Res 10:3781–3789
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Dowds B. C., Murphy P., McConnell D. J., Devine K. M. 1987; Relationship among oxidative stress, growth cycle and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacterial 169:5771–5775
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Evans L S, Lewin K. F., Vella F. A. 1980; Effect of nutrient medium pH on symbiotic nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium leguminosarum and Pisum sativum. Plant Soil 56:71–80
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Farr S., Kogoma T. 1991; Oxidative stress responses in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Microbiol Rev 55:561–585
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Flattery-O'Brian J., Collinson LP., Dawes I. W. 1993; Saccharomyces cerevisiae has an inducible response to menadione which differs from that to hydrogen peroxide. J Gen Microbiol 139:501–507
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Fridovich I. 1978; The biology of oxygen radicals. Science 201:875–880
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Gardner P. R., Fridovich I. 1991a; Superoxide sensitivity of the Escherichia coli 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase. J Biol Chem 266:1478–1483
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Gardner P. R., Fridovich I. 1991b; Superoxide sensitivity of the Escherichia coli aconitase. J Biol Chem 266:19328–19333
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Graham P. H. 1992; Stress tolerance in Rhizobium and Bradyrhi-t(obium, and nodulation under adverse soil conditions. Can J Microbiol 3%:475–84
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Habig W. H., Jakoby W. B. 1981; Glutathione-S-transferases (rat and human). Methods Ennymol 77:50–59
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Halliwell B., Gutteridge J. M. C. 1989 Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine Oxford: Clarendon Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Hoelzle I., Streeter J. G. 1990; Increased accumulation of trehalose in rhizobia cultured under 1 percent oxygen. Appl Environ Microbiol 56:3213–3215
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Jamieson D. J. 1992; Saccharomyces cerevisiae has distinct adaptive responses to both hydrogen peroxide and menadione. J Bacteriol 174:6678–6681
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Kuo C. F., Mashino T., Fridovich I. 1987; y.JS-Dihydroxyisovalerate dehydratase. A superoxide-sensitive enzyme. J Biol Chem 262:4724–4727
    [Google Scholar]
  27. La Favre A. K., Eaglesham A. R. J. 1986; The effects of high temperatures on soybean nodulation and growth with different strains of bradyrhizobia. Can J Microbiol 32:22–27
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Lamb J. W., Hombrecher G., Johnston A. W. B. 1982; Plasmid determined nodulation and nitrogen-fixation ability in Rhizobium phaseoli. Mol & Gen Genet 186:449–452
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Levin D. E., Hollstein M., Christman M. F., Schwiers E. A., Ames B. N. 1982; A new Salmonella tester strain (TA102) with AT base pairs at the site of mutation detects oxidative mutagens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:7445–7449
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Michiels J., Verreth C., Vanderleyden J. 1994; Effects of temperature stress on bean-nodulating Rhizobium strains. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:1206–1212
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Nystrom T. 1993Starvation in Bacteria129–150 Edited by Kjelleberg S. New York: Plenum;
  32. O'Hara G. W., Goss T. J., Dilworth M. J., Glenn A. R. 1989; Maintenance of intracellular pH and acid tolerance in Rhizobium meliloti. Appl Environ Microbiol 55:1870–1876
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Plummer J. L., Smith B. R., Sies H., Bend J. R. 1981; Chemical depletion of glutathione in vivo. Methods Enzymol 11:50–59
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Siegle D. A., Kolter R. 1992; Life after log. J Bacteriol 174:345–348
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Strom A. R., Kaasen I. 1993; Trehalose metabolism in Escherichia coli: stress protection and stress regulation of gene expression. Mol Microbiol 8:205–210
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Tiwari R. P., Reeve W. G., Glenn A. R. 1992; Mutations conferring acid sensitivity in the acid-tolerant strains Rhizobium meliloti WSM419 and Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae WAM710. FEMS Microbiol Lett 100:107–112
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Vincent J. M. 1970 A Manual for the Practical Study of Root-nodule Bacteria Oxford: Blackwell;
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Zahran H. H., Sprent J. I. 1986; Effects of sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol on root-hair infection and nodulation of Vicia faba in plants by Rhizobium leguminosarum. Planta 167:303–309
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-2-331
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-142-2-331
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error