1887

Abstract

Summary: The secretion of several hemicellulolytic enzymes and endoglucanase was studied in S- and P-group strains of a wood-rotting pathogen, , using enzyme activity assays and isoelectric focusing. In liquid cultures supplemented with birch sawdust or pure xylan, both strains of the fungus produced xylanases, mannanases, endoglucanases and α-galactosidases. Low activities were detected in cultures containing only glucose as a carbon source. When S-strain cultures were provided with a cart matrix, protein secretion to the culture medium started earlier and was significantly increased compared to free cell cultures. This was not the case with the P-strain. In both strains of the pH of the birch sawdust culture medium fell within 12 d to below 3.5, and then started to increase towards the end of the cultivation period. The increase in pH appeared to corresprelate with the formation of hemicellulolytic and endoglucanase activitie. The isoenzyme patterns of xylanase, mannanase and endoglucanase were typical for P- and S-strains. In P-strain cultures containing xylan, a xylanase with an alkaline pl value was induced which, however, was absent when the strain was grown with the birch sawdust substrate. In the P-strain the mannanase pattern at the early stage of growth was comparable to that of t S-strain at the later stages of growth on birch sawdust medium. Later in the growth of the P-strain, this pattern was replaced by mannanases with more acid pl values. The relative intensities of the individual endoglucanases varie between the P- and S-strains.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-141-3-743
1995-03-01
2024-12-06
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/141/3/mic-141-3-743.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-141-3-743&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ahlgren E., Eriksson K.-E. 1967; Characterization of cellulases and related enzymes by isoelectric focusing, gel filtration and zone electrophoresis. II. Studies on Stereum sanguinolentum, Fomes annosus and Chrysosporium lignorum enzymes. Acta Chem Scand 21:1193–1200
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Araujo A., Ward O. P. 1990; Purification and some properties of the mannanases from Thielavia terrestris . J Ind Microbiol 6:269–274
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Arisan-Atac I., Hodits R., Kristufek D., Kubicek C. P. 1993; Purification and characterization of a β-mannanase of Trichoderma reesei C-30. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 39:58–62
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bailey M. J., Biely P., Poutanen K. 1992; Interlaboratory testing of methods for assay of xylanase activity. J Biotechnol 23:257–270
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Béguin P. 1983; Detection of cellulase activity in polyacrylamide gels using congo red-stained agar replicas. Anal Biochem 131:333–336
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Biely P., Markovic O. 1988; Resolution of glycanases of Trichoderma reesei with respect to cellulose and xylan degradation. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 10:99–106
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bonnarme P., Delattre M., Drouet H., Corrieu G. Asther M. 1993; Toward a control of lignin and manganese peroxidases hypersecretion by Phenerochaete chrysosporium in agitated vessels: evidence of the superiority of pneumatic bioreactors on mechanically agitated bioreactors. Biotechnol Bioeng 41:440–450
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Brown M. T., Wilkins D. A. 1985; Zinc tolerance of mycorrhizal Betula . New Phytol 99:101–106
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Claeyssens M., van Tilbeurgh H. Kamerling J. P., Vrsanska M., Biely P. 1990; Studies of the cellulolytic system of the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei QM9414. Substrate specificity and transfer activity of endoglucanase I. Biochem J 270:251–256
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Copa-Patiño J. L., Young G. K., Broda P. 1993; Production and initial characterization of the xylan-degrading system of Phanerochaete chrysosporium . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 40:69–76
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Haltrich D, Preiss M., Steiner W. 1993; Optimization of a culture medium for increased xylanase production by a wild strain of Schizophyllum commune . Enzyme Microb Technol 15:854–860
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hegarty B., Steinfurth A., Liese W., Schmidt O. 1987; Comparative investigations on wood decay and cellulolytic and xylanolytic activity of some basidiomycete fungi. Holajorschung 41:265–269
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Herzog P., Törrönen A., Harkki A., Kubicek C. P. 1992; Mechanism by which xylan and cellulose trigger the biosynthesis of endoxylanase I by Trichoderma reesei . In Xylans and Xylanases pp 289–293 Edited by Visser J., Beldman G., Kusters-van Someren M. A., Voragen A. G. J. Amsterdam: Elsevier;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hodges C. S. 1969; Modes of infection and spread of Fomes annosus . Annu Rev Phytopathol 7:247–266
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hütterman A., Volger C. 1973; Induction of aryl-β-glucosidase in Fomes annosus by cellobiose. Arch Mikrobiol 93:195–204
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Johansson M. 1988; Pectic enzyme activity of spruce (S) and pine (P) strains of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 33:333–349
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Johansson M., Popoff T., Theander O. 1976; Effect of spruce constituents on extracellular enzymes of Fomes annosus . Physiol Plant 37:275–282
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Johnson K. G., Ross N. W. 1990; Enzymic properties of β-mannanase from Polyporus versicolor . Enzyme Microb Technol 12:960–964
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kantelinen A., Hatakka A., Viikari L. 1989; Production of lignin peroxidase and laccase by Phlebia radiata . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 31:234–239
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kolarova N., Farkas V. 1983; Laminarinases, xylanases and amylases in the crude cellulolytic enzyme complex from Trichoderma reesei . Biologia (Bratisl) 38:721–725
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Korhonen K. 1978; Intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum . Commun Inst For Fern 94:1–25
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Leštan D., Leštan M., Perdih A. 1994; Physiological aspects of biosynthesis of lignin peroxidases by Phanerochaete chrysosporium . Appl Environ Microbiol 60:606–612
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Maijala P., Fagerstedt K. V., Raudaskoski M. 1991; Detection of extracellular cellulolytic and proteolytic activity in ectomycor-rhizal fungi and Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. New Phytol 117:643–648
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Merivuori H., Siegler K. M., Sands J. A., Montenecourt B. S. 1984; Regulation of cellulase biosynthesis and secretion in fungi. Biochem Soc Trans 13:411–414
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Poutanen K., Puls J. 1988; Characteristics of Trichoderma reesei β-xylosidase and its use in the hydrolysis of solubilized xylans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 28:425–432
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Poutanen K., Sundberg M. 1988; An acetyl esterase of Trichoderma reesei and its role in the hydrolysis of acetyl xylans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 29:300–306
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Poutanen K., Rättö M., Puls J., Viikari L. 1987; Evaluation of different microbial xylanolytic systems. J Biotechnol 6:49–60
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Reid I. D., Deschamps A. M. 1991; Nutritional regulation of synthetic lignin (DHP) degradation by the selective white-rot fungus Phlebia (Merulius) tremellosa: effects of glucose and other cosubstrates. Can J Bot 69:147–155
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Rättö M., Poutanen K. 1988; Production of mannan-degrading enzymes. Biotecbnol Lett 10:661–664
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Ståhlbrand H., Siika-Aho M., Tenkanen M., Viikari L. 1993; Purification and characterization of two β-mannanases from Tricho-derma reesei . J Biotechnol 29:229–242
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Stenlid J., Swedjemark G. 1988; Differential growth of S- and P-isolates of Heterobasidion annosum in Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris . Trans Br My col Soc 90:209–213
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Sumner J. B., Somers G. F. 1949; Dinitrosalisylic method for glucose. In Laboratory Experiments in Biological Chemistry pp 38–39 Edited by Sumner J. B. New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Sutherland J. B. 1986; Regulation of cellulolytic activity in the white-rot fungus Ischnoderma resinosum . Mycologia 78:52–55
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Tenkanen M., Puls J., Poutanen K. 1992; Two major xylanases of Trichoderma reesei . Enzyme Microb Technol 14:566–574
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Torrie J. P., Senior D. J., Saddler J. N. 1990; Production of β-mannanases by Trichoderma harzianum E58 . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 34:303–307
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-141-3-743
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-141-3-743
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error